高中英语-短文改错方法和技巧(公开课)课件.ppt

1、短文改错的技巧与方法短文改错的技巧与方法考纲解读 短文改错常给出一篇约为100词的短文，体裁以记叙文为主，设置错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等。短文改错知多少短文改错知多少 一、设置错误的规律：需要添加的一般是_个；需要删除的一般是_个；从词性的角度看，_、_和_不能添加或删除。二、做改错题需要遵循的原则：1.不错不改。（即若把一个正确的词改为另一种正确的表达方式不给分。）11动词名词形容词 2 不能改变原意。不能改变原意。（例如：（例如：Drive will be safer.只能把只能把Drive改成改成Driving,不能把不能把Drive改成改成Drivers。）。）3 多改不给分。

2、多改不给分。（从第十一处不给分（从第十一处不给分不要不要以为改卷老师不会数！）以为改卷老师不会数！）4 无将无将2词改为词改为1词或将词或将1词改为词改为2词的情况。词的情况。5 通常情况下，每句中最多有两处错误。通常情况下，每句中最多有两处错误。6 标点符号不改，大小写不改，带汉语注释的标点符号不改，大小写不改，带汉语注释的词不改。词不改。7 格式要按照题目中的要求。格式要按照题目中的要求。三、做题步骤 通读全文先做易；攻难再读细分析。通读全文先做易；攻难再读细分析。如何分析？根据常考点进行筛查。根据常考点进行筛查。短文改错中，错误所涉及的词类通常包括动词、名词、副词、形容词、动词、名词、副

3、词、形容词、介词、代词、连词、冠词、介词、代词、连词、冠词、从句引导词。从句引导词。考考情统计情统计 考纲：考纲：考查考生在阅读理解的基础上发现考查考生在阅读理解的基础上发现并纠正包括并纠正包括词法词法、句法句法、行文逻辑行文逻辑等类等类型错误的能力。型错误的能力。动、名、动、名、形、副、形、副、介、冠、介、冠、代代连词和连词和主谓一主谓一致致上下文上下文的一致的一致性性_考查的比例最大，考查的比例最大，是考查的重点和大方向。是考查的重点和大方向。动词动词动词：动词：1.Id like to share a quote with you,which go like this:”.2.Have

4、realized how much time I wasted,Ive made up my minds to work hard to catch up with them.3.The cultural treasure were belonged to the public.4.Dressing in all pink from head to toe,he was singing a song.goesHavingDressed通常，分词用现在分词还是用过去分词要由句子主语与分词的主被动关系而定，但，但属于属于“be+过去过去分词分词+介词介词”的短语动词作非谓语时只需去掉的短语动词作非

5、谓语时只需去掉be而不需考虑与句子主语的主被动关系！而不需考虑与句子主语的主被动关系！这些短语动词常见的是：这些短语动词常见的是：be dressed in穿穿着着be seated behind/in/on坐在坐在be hidden behind/in躲藏在躲藏在be lost in thought处于沉思中处于沉思中be drunk喝醉喝醉 be faced with 面对面对 be located/situated in/on/between 位于位于be determined to 下定决心下定决心 be concerned about 担担心心 be based on 建立在建立在基

6、础上基础上 be interested in 对对感兴趣感兴趣 be pleased with 对对满意满意 be tired of 对对厌倦厌倦 be devoted to 潜心于潜心于 be addicted to 沉溺于沉溺于5.Its good for Chinese students to learn English idioms and improving oral English.6.Before leave the orphanage we took photos with them.7.Talking to friends or family members first ar

7、e always a good idea.8.We strongly suggest that similar events are held every year!improveleavingisbe动词1.时态时态：a 时态混淆；时态混淆；b 谓语与主语不一致（主谓谓语与主语不一致（主谓一致）；一致）；c 并列连词并列对象的错误；并列连词并列对象的错误；d 过去分词与过去式混淆。过去分词与过去式混淆。2.谓语动词与非谓语动词混淆；谓语动词与非谓语动词混淆；非谓语动词间的混用。非谓语动词间的混用。3.语态语态。4.从句中谓语动词的虚拟语气。从句中谓语动词的虚拟语气。5.情态动词。情态动词。名

8、词1.As I told you last time,I made three new friend here.2.This shop mainly sold second-hand furnitures.3.I asked them for advices and they told me to come to the English corner frequently.furniturefriendsadvice常见的绝对不可名词常见的绝对不可名词(有形容词修有形容词修饰时也不能加不定冠词饰时也不能加不定冠词)：news,information,progress,fun,homework,

9、weather,equipment，furniture,jewellery,baggage/luggage,clothing4.As exchange student,I am writing to tell you I would prefer to move into a single room.5.Under the table were my mother shoes.anmothers名词1 单复数的混淆；单复数的混淆；2 可数与不可数；可数与不可数；3是否需要加冠词；是否需要加冠词；4是否需用所有格是否需用所有格。副词1.He recognized that it was a ra

10、rely cultural relic.2.It was one of the most exciting experiences I had never had.3.It was until 9 oclock that we went back.4.I can remember the experience very much.rareevernotwell副词1.与形容词的的混用；与形容词的的混用；2.否定副词的添加或删除。否定副词的添加或删除。3.副词与动词的固定搭配；副词与动词的固定搭配；4.however，therefore等逻辑关等逻辑关系副词的误用系副词的误用形容词1.The p

11、opular actors are so attractive that you absolute cant miss this part.2.Im very exciting to learn that you will start a magazine.3.It is my favouritest way to spend the summer vacation.4.My mum makes the better biscuits in the world.excitedabsolutelyfavouritebest形容词1.与副词的混用；特别注意：系特别注意：系动词后要用形容词！动词后要

12、用形容词！2.现在分词（v-ing）与过去分词（v-ed）作形容词的区别。3.比较级，最高级与原形；介词1.I definitely agree you on that.2.With so many eyes fixed to me,I felt very shy.3.The majority of my class joined the activity.4.He will go to the university in next year.5.It is true that time is great valueofwithonin“be of+抽象名词抽象名词”相当于相应的形容词相当于相

13、应的形容词这类抽象名词前我们可用一些形容词，如这类抽象名词前我们可用一些形容词，如:great,little,some,any,no,not much等来修饰抽等来修饰抽象名词，用以说明程度：象名词，用以说明程度：be of value=be valuable有价值的有价值的 be of help=be helpful有帮助的有帮助的 be of use=be useful有用的有用的 be of benefit=be beneficial有好处的有好处的be of importance=be important重要的重要的 be of significance=be significant有

14、重大意义的有重大意义的介词1.介词与名词、动词、形容词介词与名词、动词、形容词的搭配；的搭配；2.介词使用的混淆；介词使用的混淆；3.是否要用介词，如带是否要用介词，如带every,this,that,next,last等的时间状等的时间状语前不用介词，语前不用介词，enter后不加后不加into等等绝大多数情况下，to是不定式符号，后接动词原形，但下列短语中的下列短语中的to 为介词，后接动词时要用为介词，后接动词时要用-ing形式！形式！常见的是：常见的是：pay attention to 注意；注意；look forward to盼望盼望;be devoted to，devote to

15、潜心于潜心于;be addicted to 沉溺于沉溺于 contribute to，make contributions to为为作贡献作贡献;be/get/become used/accustomed to 习惯于习惯于 turn to 转向转向(做做)；lead to 导致；导致；when it comes to 当谈及当谈及；object to反对反对;stick to坚持坚持;adapt to调整以适应调整以适应;adjust to调节以适应调节以适应;react to对对作出反应作出反应;respond to回应回应;reply to答复答复;submit to屈服于屈服于;ref

16、er to提及提及;add to增加增加;the key to 做做的关键的关键；常见的用介词常见的用介词“to”表示表示“的的”的名词：的名词：a witness to的证人的证人a limit to对对的限制的限制the solution to 的解决办法的解决办法the key to的钥匙的钥匙/答案答案 the answer to的答案的答案 the monument/memorial to的纪念碑的纪念碑 the note to的注释的注释/索引索引/附录附录 the exit to的的出口出口the entrance to的入口的入口 the door to的门的门 the way

17、 to 通往通往的路的路a visit to对对的访问的访问 an introduction to对对的介绍，的介绍，的入门的入门the attitude to的态度的态度 the approach to的方法的方法 the bridge to的桥的桥梁梁1.What he had done was praised by their schoolmates.2.I think I can improve me a lot in this way.3.One may find that hard to realize his dream.4.He raised hand to answer th

18、e question.5.After all,anything is more precious thantime.6.My parents are all teachers.nothinghismyselfithisboth代词代词代词1.人称代词人称代词：a 人称代词与指代对象不一致；人称代词与指代对象不一致；b 人称代词与反身代词的混淆；人称代词与反身代词的混淆；c 形式宾语形式宾语it2.物主代词物主代词：a 缺失缺失;b 不一致；不一致；c 形容词性的物主代词与名词性的物主代词使形容词性的物主代词与名词性的物主代词使用混淆；用混淆；3.不定代词的误用。不定代词的误用。使用范围方面请注

19、意：使用范围方面请注意：用于两者：用于两者：both,neither,either,each other 用于三者或三者以上：用于三者或三者以上：all,none,any,one another冠词定冠词（定冠词（the）、不定冠词（）、不定冠词（a,an）a.误用；误用；b.多余；多余；c.缺失。缺失。1.The researchers will keep a eye on the birds.2.They will come to your help when you are really in the trouble.3.It was a good book,and at price h

20、e could afford.4.The first step is to have child get rid of the fear with water.aana连词对上下文的理解。（对上下文的理解。（or-and;but-and;so-and;but-though）1.I made great effort on English,and my grades were not satisfying.2.The room was full of smoke but the beef was badly hurt.3.She hasnt been to school,or she cant

21、read and write.4.Mum has a full-time job,so she has to do most of the housework.butandsobut从句引导词1.There is no doubt whether the Internet plays an important part in our everyday life.2.Things such as violence often appear on the Internet,that can seriously pollute their mind.3.I used to spend plenty

22、of time playing games,what made me fall far behind my classmates.thatwhichwhich4.He was wandering on the street when he saw a shop where sold second-hand furniture.5.That he had done should be highly praised.6.The second thing to consider is how to do if you disagree with him.7.A girl of about ten w

23、as knocked on by a passing car,it drove off quickly.whichWhatwhatwhich8.The first time when he took part in the competition,he won a second prize.9.Every time when you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others.从句引导词1.定语从句、名词性从句、状语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句的引导词的混淆从句的引导词的混淆;2.从句引导词与代词的混淆。

24、从句引导词与代词的混淆。3.从句引导词的多余。从句引导词的多余。动词形，名词数，动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，非谓语，细辨别，习惯搭配要记住；习惯搭配要记住；A gingleA gingle 句子成分多分析，句子成分多分析，逻辑错误需关注；逻辑错误需关注；代词格，细领悟，代词格，细领悟，冠词连词常光顾。冠词连词常光顾。年度最流行年度最流行“咒语咒语”！如果你是高考命题老师，请你利用下面如果你是高考命题老师，请你利用下面这篇短文设计这篇短文设计10处错误，出一套高考短处错误，出一套高考短文改错题文改错题 Mr.and Mrs.Zhang both work in

25、 our school.They live far from the school and it takes them about an hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time,they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden,which is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up early and water the vegetables together.They have also

26、bought some gardening tools.Besides,they often get some useful information from the internet.When summer comes,they will invite their students to pick the vegetables！Mr.and Mrs.Zhang both work in our school.They live far from the school and it takes them about an hour and a half to go to work every

27、day.In their spare time,they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden,which is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up early and water the vegetables together.They have also bought some gardening tools.Besides,they often get some useful information from the internet.When summer

28、comes,they will invite their students to pick the vegetables！Mr.and Mrs.Zhang both work in our school.They live far from the school and it takes them about an hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time,they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden,which is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up early and water the vegetables together.They have also bought some gardening tools.Besides,they often get some useful information from the internet.When summer comes,they will invite their students to pick the vegetables！