2022新牛津译林版《高中英语》必修第一册Unit 1 词汇、语法、课文拓展填空、写作.doc

1、新牛津英语必修一单元一套题(词汇、语法、课文拓展填空、写作)一词汇识记potential adj. 潜在的，可能的 n. 潜力，潜能，可能性，潜在性(复数：potentials)It is only now that she is beginning to realize herpotential.potential productivity潜在生产力；生产潜力；生产潜能potential customer潜在客户；潜力客户；潜在用户potential output潜在产出；可能产量；潜在输出potential audience潜在受众potential damage潜在的损害potentia

2、l danger潜在危险；隐患；危险隐患potential demand潜在需求potentially adv. 可能地，潜在地potentiality n. 可能性senior adj. 较年长的，年龄大些的，高级的，高职的，最高级别的，中学的（通常为11-13岁），大学最后一年的 n. 较年长的人，老年人，高年级学生（复数：seniors）senior management 高阶管理，高级管理层senior citizens 老人，老年公民，老年人senior staff 高级工作人员，资深工作人员，高级员工senior middle school 高级中学senior manager 高

3、级管理人员，资深经理，高级经理senior vice president 高级副总裁，资深副总裁senior executive 高级主管；高级执行官；高管senior engineer 高级工程师，资深工程师，资深高级工程师path n. 路，小路，小径，路径，路线，途径 (复数：paths)path finder 开路者，路径查找器pathless adj.无路的，人迹罕到的Through the binoculars, I traced thepathI had taken the night before.challenge n. 挑战，质疑，难事儿，反对 vt. 对的真实性提出质疑，

4、发出挑战，与竞争，对（某人的地位）提出竞争challenging adj. 挑战的，困难的，引起挑战的challenger n. 挑战者challenge assumption 挑战假设Many participants in the race had never sailed before, but they rose to thechallenge.We need tochallengemany popular perceptions of old age.challenger n.挑战者thinking adj. 有思考力的，有理性的，思想的 n. 思想，思考，想法，见解thinking

5、 process 思维过程，思维进程，思考过程thinking pattern 思维模式，思维方式，思想模式The selectors have somethinkingto do before the match.thoughtful adj.深思的，体贴的，关切的thoughtless adj.轻率的，欠考虑的，考虑不周的，不顾及他人的thinkable adj.能想到的，可相信的，可考虑的thinker n.思想家，思想者thoughtlessness n.欠考虑，不体贴positive adj. 明确的，正电的，正的，积极的，乐观的，形容词原级的 n. 优点，阳性结果，正极，阳极，原级

6、形容词，原级副词positive effect 积极效果，积极效应，正面效应positive attitude 积极态度，正面态度positive study 实证研究positive control 积极控制，完全控制positive energy 积极能量，正能量positive charge 正电荷positively adv.肯定地，明确地，断然地I hope you will be feeling verypositiveabout your chances of success.opportunity n. 机会 （复数：opportunities）opportunity zone

7、 机会区opportune adj.适当的，恰好的，合时宜的opportunistic adj.机会主义的，投机取巧的opportunely adv.及时地，恰好地，适当地opportunist n.机会主义者；投机取巧者opportunism n.机会主义；投机主义I could not believe that we would allow theopportunityto slip away.(我无法相信我们会让这机遇溜走。)lie in 在于，睡懒觉/懒床The cure for stress lies in learning to relax.He used to lie in on

8、 Sunday mornings.rise to 上升到，应付，处理rise up against 起义反抗Measures must be takentoriseto the situation.acquire vt. 得到，获得，学到，习得acquire wealth 获得财富acquire skill 获得技能acquirement n.取得，学得，才能，成就Only those who have the patience to do simple things perfectly acquirethe skill to do difficult things easily.effort

9、 n. 努力，费力的事，奋力（复数：efforts）make an effort/efforts to do sth 努力做某事effortless adj.容易的，不费力气的effortful adj.需要努力的，充满努力的In aneffortto reduce inflation, the government increased interest rates.advance vi. & vt. 前进，进步，预付，使提前发生，加速进程，促进（人，事业，计划）的发展 n. 前进，预付款，发展，提前，增长advance in 在.取得进展，在.取得进步，发展.advance payment

10、预先付款，提前付款，预付款advance troop 推进军队advance team 先遣队，先遣小组，先遣班子advance order 预订单advanced adj.先进的，高级的，advance的过去式和过去分词形式advancing adj.前进的，advance的ing形式in advance 预先It was a chance toadvancehis own interests.amazing adj. 令人惊愕的，令人惊叹的，使人惊喜的的，给人印象深刻的 amazing thing 令人惊奇的事情amazing story 精彩的故事amazing spectacle 奇观

11、amazing role model 神奇的榜样amazed adj.惊奇的，吃惊的，amaze的过去分词amazingly adv.令人惊讶地，惊奇地amazement n.惊异，惊愕amaze vt.使吃惊She makes the mostamazingcakes.confidence n. 信任，信赖，自信，信心confident adj. 确信的，自信的Getting good results gives you confidence.make a difference 有影响，起(重要)作用The fact that I can now organize my own time m

12、akes a big difference.make a difference to. 影响到.make the most of. 尽量利用.，充分利用.make the most of=make use of=make the best of=take advantage ofWe should make the most of the natural resources to promote economic development.resource n. (常pl.)资源，机智，策略，应付办法natural resources 自然资源Water is becoming an incre

13、asingly precious resourcefacility n. 设施，设备，(机器等的)特别装置，（学习、做事的）天资，才能，天赋manufacturing facility 制造设施，生产设施，生产设备production facility 生产设备，生产设施facility management 设施管理，设备管理test facility 试验设备communication facility 通信设备，通信设施storage facility 储藏设施，存储设备public facility 公共设施nuclear facility 核设施service facility 服务

14、设施correctional facility 监狱facility cost 设备成本community facility 社区设施conference facility会议场所，会议设备Whatrecreationalfacilitiesarenow available?He had the facility of dealing with tough problems.equal adj. (大小、数量、价值等)相同的，同样的，相等的，平等的，同等的，(力气、勇气、能力等)相当的，能胜任的 n. 同等的人，相等物 vt. (大小、数量、价值等)与相等，等于,比得上，敌得过equal im

15、portance 同样重要equal number 相同数量equal parts 相等的部分equal pay 同酬equal rights 平等权利We will be justly demanding equal rights at work.attitude n. 态度;看法;我行我素的作派;姿势 (复数：attitudes)bad attitude 恶劣的态度negative/positive attitude 消极/积极的态度new attitude 全新的态度progressive attitude 进步的态度change your attitude 改变你的态度We can s

16、ee the general change in attitude towards disabled people.Beingunemployedproducesnegativeattitudestowork.goal n. 球门，目标，目的，期望的结果，进球得分（复数：goals）goal keeper 守门员，门将goalpost n. 球门柱，门柱goalmouth n.（足球的）球门Playing for Scotland has become the most importantgoalin his life.balance n. 平衡，协调，天平，借贷差额 vt.使平衡，抵偿，等同

17、重视，保持平衡，抵消，中和balance of payment 收支平衡，盈亏平衡balance of nature 生态平衡balanced adj.平衡的，和谐的，安定的，balance的过去分词balancer n.平衡器，秤称的人，走钢丝者Changing from one foot position to another requires coordination and balance.improve vi. & vt. 改善，增进，改进，发展，提高improve concentration 提高注意力improve condition 改善条件improve education

18、改善教育improved adj.改良的，改进过的，improve的过去式和过去分词improving adj.有启发的，有教育意义的，improve的ing形式对比：improvised adj.即兴的，临时准备的，improvise的过去分词improvable adj.可改良的，可利用的，可改善的improvement n.改进，改善improver n.改进者，改善者，改良物improvise vi.& vt. 即兴创作，即兴表演，临时做，临时提供Taken together, these measures would significantlyimprovepeoples chanc

19、es of surviving a coach crash.If you stay within your comfort zone you will neverimprove.I subscribed to two magazines toimprovemy mind.last but not (the) least 最后的但同样重要的Lastbutnotleast, a teacher with an agreeable personality is also desirable to students.Lastbutnotleast, I think math is very usefu

20、l.well-rounded 全面发展的，面面俱到的，多才多艺的，丰满的well-rounded education 全面教育；全方位的教育；通才教育well-beloved adj. 很受人爱的well-informed adj. 见多识广的，消息灵通的，知识渊博的well-kept adj. 保管妥当的The guitar has awell-roundedneck.After-school activities are a good complement to students academic studies and also help develop more well-rounde

21、d and active children.individual adj. 单个的，单独的，个人的，独创的，供一人用的，个性的，个人（或个别事物）特有的 n. 个人，个体，有个性的人，有独创性的人 (复数：individuals)individual studies 个别研究，单个研究individual satisfaction 个人满意度individual responsibility 个人责任，个体责任individual preference 个人偏好individual item 个别项individual investor 个人投资家individual freedom 个人自由

22、individual income tax 个人所得税Individual cases 个例，个案individualistic adj.个人主义的，利己主义的individually adv.个别地，单独地individualism n.个人主义，利己主义，个人特征individualist n.利己主义者，个人主义者individualization n.个性化，个体化individualize vt.赋予个性，个别处理，使适应个别需要No one wants to hire anindividualwho bad-mouths a prior employer.The policies

23、can be adapted to suitindividualneeds and requirements.character n. 性格，品性，人物，角色，字母，文字，特征，特性，特色 v.写，描述character education 品格教育，性格教育，人格教育character of pain 疼痛特征，疼痛特点character flaw 性格缺陷，人格缺陷，品质缺点character education programs 品德教育方案character development 性格发展，角色发展，汉字发展character analysis 性格分析，人物分析，特征分析chara

24、cteristic adj.典型的，特有的，表示特性的 n.特征，特性，特色characterless adj.无个性的，缺乏特征的，平凡的characteristically adv.典型地，表示特性地characterize vt.描绘的特性，具有的特征The movies opening shot is of acharacterwalking across a featureless landscape.responsible adj. 负责的，有责任的，有义务的，负责的，可靠的be responsible for. 对.负责responsible person 经办人，负责人，责任人

25、responsible post 负责人的职位responsible policymaker 负责的决策者，负责的政策制定人responsible action 负责的行为，负责的行动responsibly adv.负责地，可信赖地responsibility n.责任，职责，义务对比：response n.响应，反应，回答respond vi.回答，作出反应 vt.回答I would not beresponsiblefor my actions if I saw him.He never forgave his father, holding him personallyresponsib

26、lefor this betrayal.ahead adv. 在前面，朝前地，领先，在不久的将来，提前地，向前地ahead of time 提前，在原定时间以前 ahead of 在.前面，先于，胜过There was a car fifty meters ahead.We must finish the work ahead of time.junior adj. (11-13岁以下)青少年的，较年轻的，下级的，地位低的，初级的，大三学生的 n. 年少者，晚辈，职务或地位较低的人，年轻选手（复数：juniors）junior middle school 初中，初级中学Junior stude

27、nt 初中学生，初级生，大三学生junior college 大专He showed great promise even as ajuniorofficer.forward adv. 向前，前进 n.前锋 vt. 促进，递送，转寄bring/put forward 提出look forward to. 盼望.，期待.She came forward and embraced her sister.independent adj. 自立的，独立的，不受他人控制的，不依赖他人的 (反义词：dependent)independent reference 独立引用be independent of

28、sb 不依赖某人Their children are quite independent.focus n. 焦点，重点 vi. 集中 vt. 使集中，使聚合in focus 焦点对准， 清晰的out of focus 焦点没对准focus on 集中注意力于Students should resist the temptation tofocuson exams alone.detail n. 细节，具体情况 vi. 详述 vt. 详细说明The artists work is occasionally spoilt by a certaindetail.in detail 详细地as a r

29、esult of 由于as a result 结果，因此challenge a result 对结果提出疑问result in 导致，结果是result from . 产生于.，由于.产生As a result of his hard work, he passed the exam easily.He was late as a result of the snow.tip n. 尖端，小费，指点，建议，轻拍 vi. 给小费 vt. 给.小费，轻击，使倾斜finger tip 指尖Dont tip your chair like that. Youll fall.remind vt. 使想起

30、，提醒remind sb of sth/sb 使某人想起某物或某人remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事You remind me of somebody.base n. 基础，基地，总部，大本营 vt. 以为基础air base 空军基地be based on 以为基础He was then taken by minibus to the militarybase.rewind vt. 转回(录音带等)，再缠绕 n.(录音带的)回转I helped himrewindthe kite string.proposal n. 建议，提议，动议，求婚reject a proposa

31、l 拒绝求婚/建议They are discussing the merits of the proposal.stick to 坚持，固守，维持walking-stick 拐杖stick around. 在某地或附近停留stick it 忍受，容忍，坚持，不放弃If you stick to the truth，youve nothing to fear.aim n. 瞄准，目的，目标 vi. 力争做到，目的是，针对aim at 瞄准，针对This anti-alcohol campaign is mainly aimed at young teenagers.style n. 文体，体裁，

32、风格，方式，样式（复数:styles）come into style 流行起来，变得时髦have no style 毫不突出，十分平常in style 时髦地，合时尚地，华丽地，有气派地out of style 不时兴的，不时髦的Thats the style. 口语应该如此。The style is the man. 文如其人。life style生活方式，生活习惯unique style独特的风格artistic style艺术风格style of work工作作风hair style 发型He is a popular writer but I just like his style.t

33、echnique n. 技巧，手法，技能interaction technique 交互技术digital technique 数码技术，数字技能 There is nothing new about thistechnique.workshop n.车间，工场，作坊，专题讨论会，研习会，讲习班a poetry workshop 诗歌研习会a theatre workshop 戏剧研讨班They built aworkshopin the basement.professional adj. 专业的，从事专门职业的，职业(性)的 n.专业人员，专职者a golf professional 高尔

34、夫职业运动员Shes a highly-qualifiedprofessional.material n. 原料，材料，素材，物质 adj. 物质的，实际的；客观存在的raw material 原材料We use high-quality materials for our goods.poster n. 贴广告传单之人，海报，告示牌，网上发帖者(比较：postman/postwoman:邮递员)She stopped and stared at theposter.secondary adj. 次要的，中学的 n. 次要的人(事物)secondary school 中学She taught

35、history at asecondaryschool.exchange n. 交换，交易(所) vt.交换，兑换stockexchange 股票交易所exchange student 交换生exchange greetings 互致问候The clubs let membersexchangegoods and services without cash.host n.(男)主人，东道主，节目主持人，一大群 vt. 作主人招待，主办，主持a host of 许多Apart from myhost, I didnt know a single person.biology n. 生物学，生态学

36、I plan to studybiology.tough adj. 强硬的，粗暴的，结实的，困难的，严厉的，坚强的Shestoughand funny.alarm n. 恐惧，警报器，惊慌，闹钟 vt. 使惊慌alarm bells 警钟alarm clock 闹钟She sat up inalarm.He fitted analarmin his car.contribution n.贡献，捐助物，投稿，捐赠，奉献，出资make a contribution/contributions to 对作贡献Id like to thank our sponsors for their genero

37、uscontribution.fortunately adv. 幸亏，幸运地，幸而 (反义词 :unfortunately)Fortunately, the plates were still whole.Fortunatelythe rain stopped before we started. 附：后缀:-ly1. 形容词表示的，-ly通常在在名词后 2. 副词，-ly放在形容词后,地 3.后缀-ly的词也可用作名词。adj.costly昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的friendly友好的，友谊的likely可能的lively活泼的，活跃的，栩栩如生的，真实的manly男子气概的，果断的time

38、ly及时的，适时的weekly每星期的，一周的 adv. 每周一次 n. 周刊，周报monthlyadj.每月的 adv. 每月一次，按月 n. 月刊adv.continuously不断地，连续地 weekly 每周一次monthly每月一次，按月finally最后，终于actually实际上，事实上adequately充分地consequently从而，因此anxiously忧虑地，不安地biologically生物学上certainly的确，当然，行chiefly首要，主要地commercially商业上currently普遍地，通常地，现在，当前decidedly果断地，断然地defin

39、itely一定地，明确地easily容易地，不费力地economically经济地，经济学地exactly正确地，严密地extremely极端地，极其，非常financially财政上，金融上formally正式地，形式上generally一般，通常，一般地gloriously光荣地，辉煌地greatly大大地，非常immediately立即，马上，直接地increasingly日益，愈加instantly立即地，即刻地logically论理上，逻辑上mentally精神上，智力上，在内心moderately适度地naturally自然地necessarily必要地politely客气地，斯文

40、地，优雅地positively断然地，肯定地probably或许，大概promptly敏捷地，迅速地relatively相关地repeatedly重复地，再三地sufficiently十分地，充分地undoubtedly无庸置疑地，的确地happily幸福地，愉快地，幸亏actively活跃地，积极地n.weekly周刊，周报monthly月刊over time久而久之，随着时间的推移Over time, he managed to make clay pots that were strong enough to hold liquids.option n. 可选择的事物，选择，选修课hav

41、e no option/choice but to do 只好做That is their onlyoption.Yoga is the one of the most popular options in our school.butter n. 黄油 vt. & vi. 涂上黄油，说甜言蜜语bread and butter 生计Willy, I dont think we have muchbutter. Can you buy some?pudding n. 布丁，布丁状物，甜点bean pudding 豆子布丁beef pudding 牛肉布丁milk pudding 牛奶布丁I te

42、nd to prefer fresh fruit forpudding.attract vt. 吸引，引起的注意 vi. 有吸引力attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意You can only attract someone similar to yourself.Airlines should stand or fall on their ability to attract passengers.rugby n.橄榄球Some speakers argued that boxing was less dangerous thanrugby.calligraphy n.

43、书法，书法艺术Hercalligraphywas the clearest Id ever seen.cant wait to do sth=want to do sth very much=be eager to do sth=have an urge to do sth=have a strong desire/wish to do sth 迫不及待要做某事I cant wait to know the result of the exam.to put it simply 简而言之To put it simply, it is no use talking to her.in time

44、及时，最终I am sure in time you will know your choice was wrong.Please finish the task in time.默写潜力；潜能 _ potential高级工程师；资深工程师；资深高级工程师senior _ engineer明确的；正电的；正的；积极的 _ positive信任,信赖；自信,信心_ confidence态度;看法_ attitude球门；目标 _ goal改善；增进；改进；发展；提高 _ improve单个的；单独的；个人的_ individual性格；品性；人物；角色_ character负责的；有责任的 _ responsible年轻人的；较年轻的；下级的_ junior尖端；小费；指点 _ tip文体；体裁_ style专业的,从事专门职业的_ professional交换；交易(所)_ exchange东道主；节目主持人_ host恐惧；警报器；惊慌_ alarm可选择的事物；选择；选修课 _ option书法；书法艺术_ calligraph