Unit 3 Celebrations 语法点之被动语态（ppt课件）-2022新北师大版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、the passive voiceUNIT 3 Celebrations被动语态the passive voiceCHAPTER 1CHAPTER 1被动语态的概念 主动语态和被动语态 语态 语态语态Lily cleans this room everyday.This room is cleaned by Lily everyday.例句例句被动语态被动语态的主语是动作的主语是动作的承受者的承受者主动语态主动语态的主语是动作的的主语是动作的执行者、发出者执行者、发出者什么时候什么时候常常用被动语态用被动语态?被动语态被动语态不知道动作的执行者不知道动作的执行者没有必要指出动作的执行没有必要指

2、出动作的执行者者强调动作的承受者强调动作的承受者被动语态被动语态下面几种情况一般用被动语态下面几种情况一般用被动语态:(1)不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时。The meeting has been put off.会议已被推迟了。被动语态被动语态(2)强调动作的承受者时。This sculpture was carved by him.这个雕塑是他雕刻的。被动语态被动语态(3)出于礼貌避免说出动作的执行者时。Everyone is expected to obey the following rules.希望大家遵守以下规定。Scan the reading text and underli

3、ne all the verbs in the passive voice.Then discuss with a partner why the passive voice is used.1.The house was cleaned from top to bottom.2.It is believed that when Fu is put upside down,happiness arrives.3.Train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.4.The spirit of the festival

4、 has largely been kept.Underline the structure of passive voice in these sentences.The passive voice is used to focus on the person or object that experiences an action rather than the person or object that performs the action.It is used when we dont know the performer,or the performer is unimportan

5、t(and therefore omitted),or the performer is to be highlighted(and therefore placed toward the end).被动语态被动语态被动语态得结构be+done(过去分词)+by sb被动语态被动语态各种时态的被动语态do/does-一般现在时am/is/are doneEveryone loves Bing Dwen Dwen.Bing Dwen Dwen _ (by everyone).is loved一般过去时did-was/were doneThe image of Bing Dwen Dwen _by

6、 Caoxue.Caoxue designed the image of Bing Dwen Dwen.was designed 被动语态被动语态各种时态的被动语态一般将来时过去将来时 will do -would do-will be donewould be doneWe will defeat COVID-19 in the future.Dr.Zhong Nanshan said we would defeat COVID-19 in the future.COVID-19 _(by us)in the future.Dr.Zhong Nanshan said COVID-19 _ (

7、by us)in the future.will be defeated would be defeated被动语态被动语态各种时态的被动语态进行时be doing-be being doneThis bridge _(by workers)now.The bike _(by Tom)yesterday.Workers are building this bridge now.Tom was repairing the bike.is being built was being repaired 被动语态被动语态各种时态的被动语态现在完成时过去完成时has/have done-had done

8、 -has/have been donehad been doneDoctors have found an effective way to defeat the disease so far.People had not needed masks before the outbreak of COVID 19.An effective way to defeat the disease _(by doctors)so far.Masks _ before the outbreak of COVID 19.has been foundhad not been needed 被动语态被动语态动

9、词不定式的被动语态Homework needs to be finished.动词不定式to do sth-to be done被动语态被动语态情态动词的被动语态We can defeat the disease if we work together!The disease _if we work together!情态动词can/could/should/may/might+do-can be defeated情态动词+be done被动语态被动语态Summarywas/were+donewill/would+be doneam/is/are+doneam/is/are+being don

10、ewas/were+being donehas/have+been donehad+been donecan be done to be done语态时态被动语态被动语态1.The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1,1949.A.found B.was founded C.is founded D.was found2.This English song_ by the girls after class.A.often sings B.often sang C.is often sang D.is often sung3.-Id like to

11、 buy that coat.-Im sorry._.A.It sold B.It is selling C.It has been sold D.It had been sold4.Our room must _ clean.A.keep B.be kept C.to be kept D.to keep5.His new book_ next month.A.will be published B.is publishing C.is being published D.has been publishedfound-founded-founded 成立成立 find-found-found

12、 发现发现被动语态被动语态6.(2020全国I).“because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon_(construct).”7.(2020全国III)The artist was sure he would _(choose),but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister,the old man laughed.8.(2019全国III)They also shared with us many

13、traditional stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourist.On the last day of our week-long stay,we _(invite)to attend private concert.is constructedbe chosenwere invited9.(2017全国I)When fat and salt _(remove)from food,the food tastes as if it is missing.10.(2016全国I)So it was a great hono

14、r to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base,where ticket money helps pay for research.I _(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.被动语态被动语态各种时态的被动语态are removedwas allowed被动语态的被动语态的特殊形式特殊形式1.“get 过去分词”表示被动 我的自行车昨晚被偷了。你没有太多时间换衣服了。My bike got stolen last night.Y

15、ou dont have enough time to get changed.主动语态 make/let/have/see/hear sb do sth 被动语态 sb be made/let/had/seen/heard to do sth被动语态的被动语态的特殊形式特殊形式They made him go there alone.He was made (go)there alone.2.使役动词使役动词make,let,have以及感官动词以及感官动词 see,hear,watch,notice,observe在主动语态里，无在主动语态里，无to。但变为被动语。但变为被动语态时，态时，

16、to要还原要还原。to go被动语态的被动语态的特殊形式特殊形式give sb sthgive sth to sbsb be given sth buy sth for sb3.带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，用用for或者或者to引出表示人的间接宾语。引出表示人的间接宾语。sb be given sth sth be given to sbsb be bought sth sth be bought to sb被动语态的被动语态的特殊形式特殊形式We gave him the letter.give sb sthWe gave the

17、letter to him.give sth to sbHe was given the letter.The letter was given to him.3.带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，用用for或者或者to引出表示人的间接宾语。引出表示人的间接宾语。被动语态的被动语态的特殊形式特殊形式She often looks after the old.The old are often looked after by her.4.动词短语是一个整体，不可分割。在被动句中，不可去掉后动词短语是一个整体，不可分割。在被动句中，不可去掉后面

18、的介词或者副词。面的介词或者副词。prohibit sb from doing sthattach A to B 被动？被动？被动语态的被动语态的特殊形式特殊形式It is said that It is reported that It is hoped that It is well known that It is believed that It must be pointed out that 5.在一些固定句型中常用被动语态在一些固定句型中常用被动语态被动语态的被动语态的特殊形式特殊形式This room belongs to me.When will the sports mee

19、ting take place?6.不及物动词不及物动词,不及物动词短语或系动词不及物动词短语或系动词无被动语态无被动语态。常见的有：常见的有：appear,disappear,break out,come true,run out,date back,happen,go on,take place,belong to,等等。被动语态的被动语态的特殊形式特殊形式This room belongs to me.When will the sports meeting take place?6.不及物动词不及物动词,不及物动词短语或系动词不及物动词短语或系动词无被动语态无被动语态。常见的有：常见的

20、有：appear,disappear,break out,come true,run out,date back,happen,go on,take place,belong to,等等。主动表被动主动表被动1.系动词形容词常见系动词有look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。例如：The apples taste good.The flower smells wonderful.The news proved/turned out true.Cotton feels soft.主动表被动主动表被动 The museum doesnt open o

21、n Monday.This kind of car sells well in China.2.当当open,close,shut,lock,move,clean,cook,cut,wear,carry,write,read,sell,wash,measure 等用作不及物动词且表示主语某等用作不及物动词且表示主语某种种属性属性时时，常用主动表示被动，常用主动表示被动3.want/need/require/be worth+v-ing =want/need/require/be worth+to be doneThe book is worth reading.（值得一读）The coat r

22、equires mending.（需要缝补）The children needs looking after.（需要照看）The table wants cleaning.（需打扫）主动表被动主动表被动主动表被动主动表被动4.主语+be+adj+to do不定式在某些形容词之后，且与主语有动宾关系。常见形容词有：hard,difficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：English is easy to learn.课堂练习1.In the last few years thousands of film

23、s _ all over the world.A.have produced B.have been produced C.are producing D.are being produced【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“在过去的几年时间里，全世界制作了成千上万部电影。”in the last few years在过去的几年时间里，其实是从过去算到现在，是现在完成时的标志。选B。2.A lot of people often forget that oral exams_ to test our communicative ability.A.design B.are

24、 designed C.are designing D.are being designed【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。”一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时，常与often,always,usually,sometimes,every day等时间状语连用。oral exams与design的关系存在着被动，故选B。3.All visitors to this village _ with kindness.A.treat B.are treated C.are treating D.had been treate

25、d【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“所有到这个村子的来访者都会受到善意的接待。”表示经常性或习惯性的动作，用一般现在时。来访者与招待存在着被动关系。由于没有交代过去时间，had been treated过去的过去不能用。因此选B。4.In the near future,more advances in the robot technology_by scientists.A.are making B.are made C.will make D.will bebmade【答案】D【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“在不久的将来，科学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大

26、的进展。”in the near future表明了将来的时间，more advances与 make主谓关系上存在着被动，故选D。5.I need one more stamp before my collection_.A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completedD complete是及物动词，“邮集”是被人完成的，须从表被动意的C、D中选择。又因before等引导的时间状语从句中谓语要用一般现在时表将来，所以此题答案为D。6.The flowers were so lovely that they _ in

27、 no time.A.soldB.had been sold C.were sold D.would sellC。本题考查动词的时态和语态。由句意可知此处应用被动语态，故排除A、D两项；由were so lovely与sell不分先后关系可排除B项。7.As the years passed,many occasions birthdays,awards,graduations _ with Dads flowers.A.are marked B.were marked C.have marked D.had markedB。as从句用了一般过去时，主从句时态应一致。occasions与mar

28、k之间为被动关系。8.Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture,but when and where _ yet.A.hasnt been decided B.havent decided B.C.isnt being decided D.arent decidedA。本题考查动词的时态与语态。句意为：詹姆斯教授要给我们作关于西方文化的讲座，但时间和地点还没决定。由yet可看出用完成时，又因时间与地点是被决定的，故应用被动语态。9.I got caught in the rain and my suit _.A.

29、has ruined B.had ruined C.has been ruined D.had been ruinedCruin表示的动作发生在got caught之后，故排除B、D两项。此处表示被动，所以C项正确。10.When asked why he went there,he said he was sent there _ for a space flight.A.training B.being trained C.to have trained D.to be trained D。本题考查非谓语动词。作目的状语时用不定式，而不用分词，可首先排除A、B两项；另外，he承受train

30、这一动作，应用被动语态，故D项正确。11.At the beginning of class,the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.A.opened and closed B.to be opened and closed C.being opened and closed D.to open and closeC。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。过去分词作定语表完成、被动；不定式作定语表将来；现在分词作定语，表示正在进行。本题题意为：在开始上课时，在教室外面就能听到开关课桌的声音。表示开关课桌的动作正在进行，因此用现在分

31、词作定语。We saw a stranger enter the building just now.A stranger was seen to enter the building by us just now.句式转换句式转换My uncle gave me a present the other day.句式转换A present was given to me the other day by my uncle.句式转换句式转换The bad weather made me decide to stay here for another day.I was made to decide to stay here for another day by the bad weather.