Unit4 Using language 之Grammar and vocabulary(ppt课件)-2022新外研版(2019)《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx
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1、 To master-ing as adverbial and use it in real context To learn words and expressions about TV programmes and use them to talk about your favorite programmes1.What did we learn last lesson?2.Whats the authors feeling before the performance?A passage called“When Hamlet meets Peking Opera”.Having seen
2、 quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times,I was full of confidence-until the Peking Opera came to town.3.Whats the authors feeling during the performance?Seeing the main characters come on stage,I was surprised!Using such techniques,the opera had transformed a small stage into
3、the whole universe.Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.a Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times,I was full of confidence-until the Peking Opera came to town.b .seeing the main characters come on stage,I was surprised!1.In senten
4、ce(a),who had seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times?In sentence(b),who saw the main characters come on stage?2.Is this structure used more often in spoken or written English?“I”.“I”.It is used more often in written English.Compare them with the following sentences and a
5、nswer the questions.c Since I had seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times,I was full of confidence-until the Peking Opera came to town.d .when I saw the main characters come on stage,I was surprised!3.What is the difference between the two groups of sentences?The first gr
6、oup uses present participles as adverbial while the second group uses adverbial clauses.4.Why does the author choose to use sentences(a)and(b)in the reading passage?The sentences from the reading passage are more concise(简洁简洁)and formal.Look for more sentences with this structure in the reading pass
7、age.1.Starting with an Orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments,the opera brought a completely new sound to my Western ears.(Line 1 of Para.3)2.Using such techniques,the opera had transformed a small stage into the whole universe.(Line 18 of Para.3)3.Feeling the strong emotions of love,ange
8、r,fear and grief in the performance,I could easily recognise the theme of Hamlet.(Line 3 of Para.5)现在分词是非谓语动词的一种,兼有现在分词是非谓语动词的一种,兼有动词动词和和形容形容词词的特征,在句中可作的特征,在句中可作表语表语,定语定语,宾语补足语宾语补足语和和状语状语,一般表示,一般表示进行进行或或主动主动的意思。的意思。现在分词用作状语时,其现在分词用作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致,现在分词所表示的动作和句子的主语主语一致,现在分词所表示的动作和句子的主语是
9、主动关系是主动关系。现在分词在句中可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、现在分词在句中可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、程度和结果状语。方式、伴随、程度和结果状语。1.作时间状语作时间状语 Seeing the police,he made a run for the exit.一看到警察,他就朝出口奔去。一看到警察,他就朝出口奔去。分析:分析:see的动作是由其逻辑主语的动作是由其逻辑主语“he”发出发出,与句子的主语与句子的主语he一致,且构成一致,且构成主动关系主动关系,所以,所以用现在分词。用现在分词。将下面的时间状语从句改写成简单句。将下面的时间状语从句改写成简单句。When he
10、walked out of the room,he saw a dog.Walking out of the room,he saw a dog.2.作原因状语作原因状语 Being ill,he didnt go to school yesterday.因为生病了,他昨天没有上学。因为生病了,他昨天没有上学。分析分析:He is ill是是He didnt go to school的原因。的原因。be的逻辑主语和句子主语是一致的逻辑主语和句子主语是一致,主动关系。主动关系。Not knowing the way,he got lost.翻译句子翻译句子:由于不识路,他迷路了。:由于不识路,他
11、迷路了。As he _,he got lost.didnt know the way否定现在分词在其前面加否定现在分词在其前面加not。3.作条件状语作条件状语 Turning to the left,you will see a school.若是你左转,你就会看到一所若是你左转,你就会看到一所学校。学校。If we _,we will get good results.翻译句子:翻译句子:努力学习努力学习,我们就会取得好成绩。我们就会取得好成绩。Studying hard,we will get good results.study hard4.作让步状语作让步状语 Granting th
12、is to be true,we cannot explain it.虽然我们承认这是事实,却无法予以说明。虽然我们承认这是事实,却无法予以说明。Knowing it is difficult,I dont give up.翻译句子:翻译句子:虽然知道它很难,我也不放弃。虽然知道它很难,我也不放弃。Although I _,I dont give up.know it is difficult5.作方式状语作方式状语 You gave me such a fright creeping up on me like that!(你那样不声不响地从后面过来,吓你那样不声不响地从后面过来,吓我一跳!
13、我一跳!)用现在分词作状语的结构翻译下列句子。用现在分词作状语的结构翻译下列句子。请请你用另一种方式回答问题你用另一种方式回答问题。Please answer the question using another way.6.作结果状语作结果状语 The child fell,striking his head against the door and cutting it.(那孩子跌倒了,头碰在那孩子跌倒了,头碰在门上磕破了。门上磕破了。)He went abroad,leaving his uncle a big house.翻译句子:翻译句子:他出国了,留给他叔叔一间大房子。他出国了,留
14、给他叔叔一间大房子。He went abroad and _ his uncle a big house.left 7.作伴随状语作伴随状语 The little boy went upstairs,trailing his teddy bear behind him.那个小男孩走上楼去,身后拖着他的玩具熊。那个小男孩走上楼去,身后拖着他的玩具熊。Emma was sitting in an armchair reading a book.艾玛坐在一张扶手椅上看书。艾玛坐在一张扶手椅上看书。He lay on the grass and _ the sky.翻译下面句子。翻译下面句子。他躺在草
15、地上,凝望天空。他躺在草地上,凝望天空。He lay on the grass,staring at the sky.stared atNotes:现在分词现在分词作伴随状语、方式状语和结作伴随状语、方式状语和结果状语果状语时,通常可以转换成时,通常可以转换成两个并列的简单两个并列的简单句句。8.作程度状语作程度状语 现在分词作程度状语的用法有限,现在分词作程度状语的用法有限,相当于程相当于程度副词度副词,主要用于加强语气。,主要用于加强语气。He was caught in the heavy rain and got his clothes soaking wet.他淋了一场大雨,把衣服全
16、部弄湿了。他淋了一场大雨,把衣服全部弄湿了。分析:分析:soaking在这里相当于在这里相当于completely,really 等程度副词。等程度副词。表示的特征表示的特征 相当的状语从句相当的状语从句 1.时间时间2.原因原因3.条件条件4.让步让步5.方式方式/伴随伴随/结果结果时间状语从句时间状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句条件状语条件状语让步状语从句让步状语从句 并列结构并列结构6.程度程度副词副词现在分词作状语的学习中我们还应注现在分词作状语的学习中我们还应注意以下两点:意以下两点:1.为了使分词作状语表达的为了使分词作状语表达的意思更明确意思更明确,可在其,可在其 前前面加上适当
17、的连词:面加上适当的连词:when,while,once,if,though,unless,even 等。等。eg When waiting for the bus,he saw an old friend.Once losing the chance,you cant easily find it.Dont talk while having dinner.1)Walking in the park,I met an old friend of mine.2)We walked as fast as we could,hoping to get there on time.结论:结论:动词动
18、词-ing形式形式所表示的动作和谓语动词同所表示的动作和谓语动词同 时发生时,可用时发生时,可用 _。2.动词动词-ing形式形式动作和谓语动作的先后顺序动作和谓语动作的先后顺序一般形式一般形式(doing)3)Having waited for an hour,I became impatient.4)Having been to the Great Wall many times,he didnt go last week.结论:结论:动词动词-ing形式形式所表示的动作在谓语动词之所表示的动作在谓语动词之 前发生,有明显的先后顺序时,可用前发生,有明显的先后顺序时,可用 _。完成形式完成
19、形式(having done)补充:独立成分(做状语或插入语)补充:独立成分(做状语或插入语)有些分词短语可作独立成分,用来解释整个句有些分词短语可作独立成分,用来解释整个句子,不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有:子,不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有:generally(frankly,honestly)speaking,talking of(谈到谈到),seeing that(考虑到考虑到),judging from(从从判断判断)。Generally speaking,girls are more careful than boys.Judging from his accent,h
20、e must be from the north.Talking of cleaning,its about time you cleaned the house.I.用动词用动词-ing形式改写下面句子。形式改写下面句子。1.Will put down his shopping bag and held out his hand to the child._2.When he crossed the road,he kept his eyes on the spot where the accident happened._Having put down his shopping bag,W
21、ill held out his hand to the child.He crossed the road,keeping his eyes on the spot where the accident happened.3.The cat stepped forward and climbed through the hole in the wall._4.When the bear came out of the forest,it showed its teeth and made a loud noise._5.He turned away from me and looked ou
22、t of the window._Having stepped forward,the cat climbed through the hole in the wall.The bear came out of the forest,showing its teeth and making a loud noise.He turned away from me,looking out of the window.II.单句改错单句改错1.Having not seen the film,I cant tell you what I think of it.2.Seen from the top
23、 of the hill,we find the city more beautiful.3.Generally speak,facial expressions are helpful communications,too.Not havingSeeingspeaking独立成分作状语独立成分作状语每空填一词,使每组句子的意思相同或相近。每空填一词,使每组句子的意思相同或相近。1.Because he hadnt received an answer,he decided to write another letter to him._ _ _ an answer,he decided to
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