Unit 5 Lesson 1 Enlightening a Mind （ppt课件+素材）-2022新北师大版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.rar

UNIT 5 Education Lesson 1 Enlightening a MindLesson 1单词enlighten/n la tn/vt.启迪；指导，教导enlightenment n.启迪，指导，教导；启蒙运动exceptionally/k se p n li/adv.极其，非常except prep.除外，不包括exception n.例外，除外exceptional adj.卓越的，杰出的severe/s v/adj.很严重的severe weather condition 恶劣的天气情况severe winter 严冬 severely adv.严重地；严厉地restriction/r s tr k n/n.限制，规定，约束restrict vt 限制，束缚unbearable/n be r b l/adj.难以忍受的；承受不住的bear n.熊；v.经得起；承受，容忍bearable adj.可忍受的；支持得住的unbearably adv.不堪忍受地；无法容忍地troublesome/tr bl s m/adj.引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的近义：Annoying adj 使烦恼的，使生气的，使恼怒的-some 形容词后缀，常用于名词等后构成形容词，表示”引起（或易于.的）”如：fearsome quarrelsometendency/ten dn si/n.倾向tend vi 往往会，趋向superb/sju p b/adj.极好的，卓越的superb player 杰出的运动员eyesight/a sa t/n.视力have a good/bad/poor eyesight视力好/不好/差technique/te k ni k/n.技巧，手法technology n.科技，技术straightforward/s tre t f w d/adj.简单的，易懂的；诚实的，坦率的straightforwardly adv 直截了当地，坦率地*doll/d l/n.玩偶initially/n li/adv.起初initial adj.开始的，最初的excitement/k sa t mn t/n.兴奋，激动excite v.使兴奋，使激动excited adj.激动的，兴奋的exciting adj.令人兴奋的，令人激动的in excitement 兴奋地*imitation/m te n/n.模仿，仿效imitate v.模仿，仿效stream/s tri m/n.水流liquid/l kw d/n.液体liquid/l kw d/n.液体precious/p re s/adj.宝贵的grasp/r s p/vt.理解，领会grasp an opportunity 毫不犹豫地抓住机会gradual/r du l/adj.逐渐的，逐步的反义：sudden 突然的，骤然的gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地painful/pen f l/adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的painful experience/memory 痛苦的经历/回忆pain n.疼痛，伤痛enthusiastic/n ju zi s t k/adj.热心的，热衷的vocabulary/v k bju l ri/n.词汇量large/wide/extensive vocabulary 大的/丰富的/广博的词汇量expand/k s pn d/vi.&vt.(使)扩大；增加complex/k m p le k s/adj.复杂的；难以理解的*violet/va l t/n.紫罗兰gently/den t li/adv.轻柔地；温和地；平缓地gentle adj.文静的，温柔的gentleman n.绅士，有教养的人puzzle/p z l/vt.使困惑，使迷惑apparent/p rn t/adj.显而易见的；明白的近义：obvious adj 明显的，ray/re/n.(太阳或月亮的)光线the suns rays 太阳的光线disappointed/d s p n t d/adj.失望的，沮丧的abstract/b s tr k t/adj.抽象的concept/kn se p t/n.概念；想法abstract concept 抽象的概念breakthrough/b re k ru/n.突破；重大进展make/achieve a breakthrough 作出/取得突破性进展*necklace/ne k l s/n.项链forehead/f he d/n.额，前额vivid/v v d/adj.生动的，逼真的vividly adv 清晰地，生动地 UNIT 5 Education Lesson 1 Enlightening a MindLesson 1重点词汇重点词汇restriction/r s tr k n/n.限制，规定，约束Truck drivers at large dont like the new speed restriction on the highway.大多数卡车司机不喜欢高速公路上新的限速规定。大多数卡车司机不喜欢高速公路上新的限速规定。restrict to 仅限于，限制在eg Use of the pool is restricted to club members.游泳池的使用仅限于俱乐部成员。restriction of 的制约的制约The restriction of law and morals is needed.法律与道德的限制是不可避免的。restrict v.限制，控制限制，控制restrictive adj.限制（性）的，约束（性）的限制（性）的，约束（性）的grasp/r s p/vt.理解，领会grasp of 把握把握In order to have a good grasp of a culture,learning its language is the best way.想要掌握一种文化，最好的办法是学习其语言。beyond ones grasp 某人力量达不到某人力量达不到But I know that I cannot reach for what is beyond his grasp.但是我知道，不能好高骛远。grasp/r s p/vt.理解，领会grasp of 把握把握In order to have a good grasp of a culture,learning its language is the best way.想要掌握一种文化，最好的办法是学习其语言。beyond ones grasp 某人力量达不到某人力量达不到But I know that I cannot reach for what is beyond his grasp.但是我知道，不能好高骛远。relate/r le t/vi.理解；相联系relative n.亲戚，亲属；亲戚，亲属；adj.比较的；相对的比较的；相对的related adj.相关的，有联系的相关的，有联系的be related with 与与有关系有关系My education is directly related with my family.我所受的教育跟我的家庭直接相关。relation n.（人或物间的）联系（人或物间的）联系in relation to 关于；涉及关于；涉及How did Gazans see themselves in relation to everybody else?加沙人怎样看待他们与他们自己有关的其他人？enthusiastic/n ju zi s t k/adj.热心的，热衷的enthusiastic about 对对热心热心Hes always been very enthusiastic about sports.他对体育运动一直很有热情。enthusiasm n.热情，热忱热情，热忱enthusiasm for 热爱热爱 She never lost her enthusiasm for teaching.她从未失去过教书的热忱。with enthusiasm热情洋溢热情洋溢I think I have prepared well with enthusiasm.我想我已经充满热情地准备好了。expand/k s pn d/vi.&vt.(使)扩大；增加expand into 扩大为扩大为By fall,however,drought conditions began to expand into the South.但是，到了秋天干旱开始延伸到南方。expand on 详述详述Could you expand on that point,please?请你把这一点详细说明一下好吗？expansion n.扩大，扩张；扩充扩大，扩张；扩充expansive adj.广阔的；广泛的广阔的；广泛的disappointed/d s p n t d/adj.失望的，沮丧的disappoint v.使失望；使破灭使失望；使破灭disappointment n.失望，沮丧失望，沮丧be disappointed with 对对感到失望感到失望My parents will be disappointed with me if I fail to get into college.如果我考不上大学，我的父母会对我失望的。breakthrough/b re k ru/n.突破；重大进展make a breakthrough 有重大发展或突破有重大发展或突破They announced that they had made a breakthrough.他们宣布，他们取得突破性的进展。breakthrough point 突破点突破点breakthrough technology 突破性技术突破性技术UNIT 5 Education Lesson 1 Enlightening a MindLesson 1课文课文1 Think of some possible ways to teach someone who is blind to read and write.想一些可能的方法来教盲人读书写字。Then think of ways to teach someone who is both blind and deaf to read and write.然后想办法教既盲又聋的人读书写字。2 Pair Work Read paragraphs 1-2 of the story.阅读故事的1-2段。Discuss Helen Keller and her teachers characteristics and personalities.讨论海伦凯勒和她老师的特点和性格。Enlightening a Mind启迪心灵Helen Keller was an exceptionally special girl.海伦凯勒是一个非常特殊的女孩。By the timeBy the time she was seven years old,she still couldnt speak,read or write and needed to have everything done for her.她到了到了七岁时，仍不会说话，不能读书也不会写字，一切都需要别人照顾。This was because she couldnt see or hear.这是因为她看不见也听不见。have sth done表示：需要别人为自己做某事With these severe restrictions to her communication,Helens behaviour was often unbearable.这些严重的障碍限制了海伦的正常交流，也让她的行为常常令人难以忍受。restricted adj.受限制的；保密的restrict vt.限制；约束；限定She was sometimes troublesome,stubborn and angry,and had a tendency tohad a tendency to break things when no one understood her.海伦有时很烦人、很固执，而且很易怒。当没人理解她的时候，她就有有破坏东西的倾向的倾向。This is a troublesome zone（地区）at present because a severe disease is being spreading(spread)here.Helens parents got a superb teacher recommended to them,a woman named Anne Sullivan.经人推荐，海伦的父母得到了一位极好的老师，一位名叫安妮沙利文的女士。Anne was a teacher and former student at a school for a school for the blindthe blind in Boston.Shed had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate torelate to Helens difficulties.安妮曾是波士顿一所盲人学校盲人学校的老师，也曾在那儿上过学。她小时候也视力有障碍，所以更能理解理解海伦所面临的困境。relate vi.理解；相联系eg Laurie finds it difficult to relate to children.劳里觉得很难理解小孩子的想法。got sth done表示：需要别人为自己做某事Annes technique to teach Helen language was simple and straightforward.安妮教海伦学习语言的方法简单明了。Anne spelt words by writing on Helens hand so that so that Helen could get a mental picture of the words.她先在海伦手上拼写单词，以便以便使海伦联想到单词的画面。She started with started with the word“doll”.她从从“doll”这个词开始开始。She would let Helen play with the doll,and then spell the letters“D-O-L-L”on her hand.她先让海伦和洋娃娃玩耍，然后在海伦的手上拼写“D-O-L-L”。When they initially did this,Helen thought it was a game.刚开始海伦以为这是在玩游戏。She wrote about her excitement later in her book,The Story of My Life:后来在我的人生故事一书中，海伦描述了自己的兴奋之情文化采风：我的生活(The Story of My Life)是海伦凯勒的自传，这本书记录了她心理与智力成长的精彩过程。作品一经发表，立即在美国引起了轰动被称为”世界文学史上无与伦比的杰作”，产生了巨大的影响，出版版本超百种。“Running downstairs to my mother,I held upheld up my hand and made the letters for doll.“我跑下楼去见我母亲，举起举起手来，也给她拼写字母组成doll。I did not know that I was spelling a word or even that words existed;I was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like imitation.”可我那时并不知道自己在拼写单词，甚至压根不知道词汇的存在。我只是像猴子一样用手指模仿。”held是hold的过去式When they were at the well one day,Anne put one of Helens hands under the stream of water.(stream:烟，气，液体的流，股）一天，她们在井边，安妮把海伦的一只手放在水流下。As the water flowed overflowed over Helens hand,Anne spelt out“W-A-T-E-R”into Helens other hand.水缓缓流过流过海伦的手掌，安妮在她的另一只手上拼写“W-A-T-E-R”。well一词多义：adj.健康的；n.水井As Anne wrote on Helens hand,Helen suddenly realised that the movement of the fingers meant the cool liquid flowing over her hand.安妮在海伦手上写的时候，海伦突然意识到手指的动作代表的是流过自己手掌的清凉的液体。This precious knowledge gave her hope and joy.Finally,she got the world of words opened up to her.这宝贵的知识给她带来希望和快乐。终于，她打开了语言世界的大门。flowing over her hand是现在分词做后置定语，形容正在流动的水got sth done表示：需要别人为自己做某事Now thatNow that Helen grasped the key to languagethe key to language,she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she as much as she couldcould.由于由于海伦理解了语言的关键语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可尽可能地多能地多运用它。Children who can see and hear learn language easily,but for Helen,it was a gradual and sometimes painful process.能听、能看的孩子学起语言来很容易。但对海伦来说，学习语言是个渐进的过程，有时会很痛苦。be eager to do sth 渴望做某事However,because Helen was so enthusiastic aboutenthusiastic about learning,the results were amazing.然而，因为海伦对对学习极高的热情的热情，学习成果令人吃惊。As Helens knowledge and vocabulary expanded,she asked more and more questions.随着海伦知识和词汇量的不断扩大，她提出的问题也越来越多。This soon led her to discover more complex words and changed her thinking process.这使她学会了更复杂的单词，从而改变了思维的过程。led是lead的过去式lead sb.to do sth.引导某人做某事Trying to learn the word“love”was an experience that she remembered well.努力学习“love”这个词是她记忆犹新的经历。This is how she described it in her book:在书中她这样描述道：动名词词组做主语，谓语动词用单数“I remember the morning that I first asked the meaning of the word love.“我记得我第一次问love这个词的含义的那个早上。This was before I knew many words.那时我的词汇量还很有限。I had found a few early violets in the garden and brought them to my teacher.我在花园里发现了早开的紫罗兰，摘下一些带给老师Miss Sullivan put her arm gently round me and wrote on my hand,I love Helen.What is love?I asked.莎莉文老师温柔地搂着我，在我的手上写着：我爱海伦。什么是爱？我问道。She drew me closer to her and said,It is here,pointing to my heart.她把我拉到身边，指着我的心脏说，爱在这里。Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.”她的话使我非常困惑，因为我什么事物都不了解，除非我摸到它。”现在分词作状语，表伴随表示她“拉”的同时也“指着”Although the meaning of love was still not apparent to Helen,she kept on kept on tryinging to understand it.尽管对海伦来说，爱的意义还不明确，但她一直一直尝试努力去理解。“I smelt the violets in her hand and asked,half in half in words,half in signswords,half in signs,a question which meant,Is love the sweetness of flowers?“我闻了闻她手里的紫罗兰，半拼写半比划半拼写半比划地问了个问题，意思大概是爱是花朵的香味吗？No,said my teacher.不，我的老师回答道。When Helen and Anne were outside one day,Helen felt the warmth of the suns rays.一天和老师在室外，海伦感受到了阳光的温暖。She pointed up and asked if that was love.她指了指太阳，问那是不是爱。When her teacher said that it wasnt,she was confused and disappointed.当她的老师说不是的时候，她感到困惑和失望。“I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.”“我觉得很奇怪，因为我的老师不能给我表示什么是爱。”it是形式宾语真正的宾语是my teacher could not show me loveThe word“think”was also a difficult one for Helen because it is such an abstract concept.“think”这个词对海伦来说也是一个困难的词，因为它是一个非常抽象的概念。However,one day as she was working on a simple task,she had a breakthroughhad a breakthrough.然而有一天，在做一项简单的任务时，她取得了突破取得了突破。She was making necklaces with the help of Anne when she noticed that she had made some mistakes.她正在安妮的帮助下做项链，这时这时她发现自己犯了一些错。Because she was uncertain how to fix them,she stopped to think carefully.海伦不确定该如何解决，便停下来认真思考。As she did this,Anne touched Helens forehead and wrote the word“think”on her hand.在她思考的时候，安妮点了点海伦的额头并在她的手上写下“think”。“In a flashIn a flash I knew that the word was the name of the process that was going on in my head.”“瞬间瞬间,我知道这个词就是我脑子里正在发生的那个过程的名称。”It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex worda word for something she couldnt touch.那是海伦第一次明白复杂词语的意思，她触摸不到的抽象词语。At that moment,her mind returned tomind returned to the word“love”.这时，海伦又想起了又想起了“love”。As she thought about its meaning again,the sun came out.她再次思考“love”是什么意思，恰巧这时太阳出来了。She pointed to the sun and asked her teacher again if that was love.海伦指着太阳又问老师那是不是爱。Anne answered Helen by explaining that love was like the sun and clouds in a way in a way.安妮解释道，爱在某种程度上某种程度上就像太阳和云彩。“You cannot touch the clouds,you know;but you feel the rain.“你知道，你摸不到云彩，但是你能感觉到雨You cannot touch love either;but you feel the sweetness that it pours into everything.你也触摸不到爱，但是你能感觉到爱给万物带来的甜蜜。Without love you would not be happy or want to play.”没有爱，你就不会快乐，也不会想玩耍。”In that vivid moment,Helen finally understood the beautiful truth of the word“love”.就在那个动人的时刻，海伦终于明白了“love”这个词语蕴含的美丽的真谛。3 Read the rest of the story.Answer the questions.读故事的其余部分。回答问题。1 How many words were taught to Helen?What were they?有多少单词教给了海伦?是哪些?Four words were taught to Helen in the story:doll,water,love and think.在这个故事中，海伦学会了四个单词:doll,water,love 和think.2 Which words were easier to learn?Which were more difficult?Explain why.哪些单词更容易学?哪个更难?解释为什么。doll and water were easier to learn,because Helen could touch them.“洋娃娃”和“水”这两个词更容易学会，因为海伦可以触摸它们。love and think were more difficult,because they were complex and abstract concept and couldnt be touched.“爱”和“想”这两个词更难，因为它们是复杂而抽象的概念，无法触及。4 Complete the diagram.填写图表。How Anne taught Helen the Four words安妮是如何教海伦这四个字的For the word dollAnne _安妮让海伦玩娃娃，然后在她手上拼出“D-O-L-L”。let Helen play with the doll,and then spelt the letters D-O-L-L on her hand.For the word waterAnne _安妮把海伦的一只手放到水下。当水流过海伦的手时，安妮在海伦的另一只手上拼写出“W-A-T-E-R”。put one of Helens hands under the water.As the water flowed over Helens hand,Anne spelt out W-A-T-E-R into Helens other hand.For the word thinkWhen Helen was trying to solve a difficult problem,Anne _.In a flash,Helen _.当海伦试图解决一个难题时，安妮摸着海伦的额头，在她的手上写下了“思考”这个词。一瞬间，海伦明白了这个词就是她脑子里正在发生的事情的名称。touched Helens forehead and wrote the wordthink on her handknew that the word was the name of the process that was going on in her headFor the word loveHelen thought at first it was the sweetness of flowers but later _.You cannot touch love _海伦一开始以为是花儿的芬芳，但后来她把我拉近，指着我的心说:“就在这里。”“你无法触摸到爱，但你能感受到它注入万物的甜蜜。没有爱，你不会快乐，也不会想玩耍。”she drew me closer to her and said,It is here,pointing to my heartbut you feel the sweetness that it pours into everything.Without love you would not be happy or want to play.5 Complete the diagram about how the learning process affected Helen by choosing from the expressions.从短语中选择，完成关于学习过程如何影响海伦的图表。a felt hope and joya 感到了希望和喜悦b felt puzzledb 感到困惑c had a breakthroughhad a breakthroughc 有突破有突破d thought it was a gamed 认为这是一场游戏e got the world of wards opened up to here 给她打开了单词的大门f understood the beautiful truth of the wordf 明白这个词的美丽真谛g knew the meaning of the word in a flashin a flashg 一瞬间一瞬间就明白了这个词的意思h felt it was monkey-like imitationh 觉得这是猴子似的模仿dollwaterlovethinkd thought it was a gamed 认为这是一场游戏h felt it was monkey-like imitationh 觉得这是猴子似的模仿a felt hope and joya 感到了希望和喜悦e got the world of wards opened up to here 给她打开了单词的大门b felt puzzledb 感到困惑f understood the beautiful truth of the wordf 明白这个词的美丽真谛c had a breakthroughc 有突破g knew the meaning of the word in a flashg 一下子就明白了这个词的意思6 Group Work Each member chooses one word.Tell the rest of the group how Anne taught the word and what impact the learning process had on Helen.每个成员选择一个词。告诉小组的其他成员安妮是如何教这个单词的，以及这个学习过程对海伦有什么影响。7 How many parts can the story be divided into divided into?What is each part mainly about?这个故事可以分成分成多少部分?每一部分的主要内容是什么?Underline the signal expressions that connect the description of Helens learning processes.在连接海伦学习过程描述的信号表达式下面画线。8 Group Work What qualities do you think Helen and Anne showed in the story?你认为海伦和安妮在故事中表现出了什么品质?Choose from the list below.Find evidence to support your opinion.从下面的列表中选择。找到证据来支持你的观点。坚定的锲而不舍的体贴的有耐心的勤奋的积极肯干的有创造力的determinedperseverantkindpatientdiligentwillingcreative9 Fill in the blanks Fill in the blanks with the words from the story.用故事中的单词填空填空。When Helen was young she lost her sight and hearing.海伦很小的时候就失去了视力和听力。With these 1 _ to her communication,Helens behaviour was often 2 _ and sometimes she was 3 _,stubborn and angry with a 4 _ to a 4 _ to break things when she was not understood.这些严重的障碍限制了她的交流，海伦的行为常常令人难以忍受，有时她很麻烦，固执，生气，当她不被理解时，她就会有有打破东西的倾向的倾向。severe restrictionsunbearabletroublesometendencytendencyAnne Sullivan was a 5 _ teacher.安妮沙利文是一位杰出的教师。Annes technique was simple and 6 _.安妮的技巧简单明了。She put an o