医学英语英文版讲课呼吸系统课件.ppt

1、Respiratory System王雪源王雪源 苏苏 彤彤 王浩浩王浩浩 苏涛涛苏涛涛 王王 静静 马维平马维平马马 欣欣 马马 阳阳 马喜玲马喜玲马永强马永强pharynxLarynxTracheaBronchiBronchiolesAlveoliBronchiolesAlveoli(I)Breathing ProcessLungs are highly elastic(stretchable)Breathing is controlled by the medullaMovement of the diaphragm and ribcage causes pressure change

2、in the chest cavity which moves air into and out of the lungsThe breathing rate is controlled by the concentration of CO2 in the bloodWhen you breath you are inhaling and exhaling.Inhalation=O2(oxygen)enters the body system Exhalation=CO2(carbon dioxide)is passed out of the body(II)The Mechanics of

3、BreathingAir inhaledDiaphragmRib cage risesAir exhaledDiaphragmRib cage lowersInhalationExhalation(III)Gas ExchangeThe exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the blood.External RespirationThe exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the cells of the body.

4、internal respiration cellular respirationOxygen transportHemoglobin binds to oxygen that diffuses into the blood stream.Carbon dioxide transportCarbon dioxide can dissolve in plasma,and about 70%forms bicarbonate ions.Some carbon dioxide can bind to hemoglobin for transport.What is Asthma Disease of

5、 chronic airway inflammation Characterized by -airway inflammation -airflow obstruction -airway hyperresponsiveness Common Triggers-Pets and animals-Early infections-Cigarette smoke-Dust mites-Cold air-Stress Asthma treatmentAvoid incentivePatient educationDrug therapyAirway to the drug technologydr

6、y powder inhaler DPI 定量气雾剂metered-dose inhaler MDI干粉吸入剂吸入型糖皮质激素 inhaled glucocorticosteroid，ICS）Emphysema Disease in which the walls of the alveoli breakdown Shortness of breath,difficulty breathing,and decreased lung capacityAllergies An allergy is an adverse reaction to a protein in our environmen

7、t，these proteins are called allergens and are normally harmless.In people with an allergy,the body reacts to a specific allergen by releasing histamine from mast cells in the skin,lungs,nose or intestine.This causes inflammation and swelling.Allergy symptoms Pollen allergies cause respiratory symptoms similar to colds.Sneezing,coughing and irritated eyes are all common symptoms of allergy to pollen.These allergies,although uncomfortable,are not usually life-threatening;however,asthmatics may experience dangerous asthma attacks.THE ENDTHANK YOU