大学生常见心理问题识别及对策-医学课件.pptx

1、大学生常见心理问题识别及对策1.学生恶性事件频发杀人跳楼异常行为。2.目目 录录 1.2.3.4.心理健康常识心理健康常识问题识别问题识别常见问题常见问题对策对策3.014.心理问题的分类5.心理异常的原因-个人 自我同一性的危机：本我，自我，超我本我，自我，超我 个性的缺陷：过于内向，敏感过于内向，敏感 心理素质不完备：自控能力，对挫折应对自控能力，对挫折应对 情绪发展不稳定：最丰富，最动荡，最复杂最丰富，最动荡，最复杂 性的生物性和社会性冲突：成熟与迷茫成熟与迷茫6.心理异常的原因-环境 文化/价值观的冲突：贵族、冷漠、快消 大众传播的媒介：网络、电视、广播 家庭环境的影响：恐惧症，强迫症

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44、 centerof the narrative thoughtMORE THEN TEMPLATE42.大学生常见心理问题及其解决对策大学生常见心理问题及其解决对策一、衡量大学生心理健康的标准一、衡量大学生心理健康的标准二、大学生常见心理问题及影响因素二、大学生常见心理问题及影响因素三、了解大学生心理问题的方法三、了解大学生心理问题的方法四、大学生心理问题的预防与应对四、大学生心理问题的预防与应对43.中共中央、国务院中共中央、国务院关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见治教育的意见（中发（中发200416号）号）要开展深入细致的思想政治要开展深入细致的思

45、想政治工作和心理健康教育工作和心理健康教育 44根据大学生身心发展的特点和规律，运用心理科根据大学生身心发展的特点和规律，运用心理科学的理论、技术和方法，有目的、有计划、有步骤学的理论、技术和方法，有目的、有计划、有步骤地通过多种形式及途径，培养学生地通过多种形式及途径，培养学生良好的心理品质良好的心理品质和健全的人格和健全的人格，促进学生身心全面发展和素质全面，促进学生身心全面发展和素质全面提高的教育活动。提高的教育活动。包括包括良好心理素质的培养与心理疾病防治教育良好心理素质的培养与心理疾病防治教育.45.19941994年中共中央年中共中央加强学校德育的若干意见加强学校德育的若干意见19

46、951995年国家教委颁布年国家教委颁布普通高校德育大纲普通高校德育大纲19991999年年6 6月中共中央国务院月中共中央国务院关于深化教育改革全面推进素质教育的决关于深化教育改革全面推进素质教育的决定定19991999年年8 8月教育部月教育部加强中小学心理健康教育若干意见加强中小学心理健康教育若干意见20012001年年3 3月教育部月教育部关于加强普通高等学校大学生心理健康教育工作的关于加强普通高等学校大学生心理健康教育工作的意见意见20022002年年5 5月教育部月教育部普通高校心理健康教育实施纲要普通高校心理健康教育实施纲要20022002年年8 8月教育部月教育部中小学心理健康

47、教育指导纲要中小学心理健康教育指导纲要20032003年年1212月教育部办公厅下发月教育部办公厅下发关于进一步加强大学生心理健康教育工关于进一步加强大学生心理健康教育工作的若干意见作的若干意见20042004年年6 6月教育部召开月教育部召开全国高校心理健康教育工作会议全国高校心理健康教育工作会议20042004年年1010月月中共中央国务院发出中共中央国务院发出关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见治教育的意见 近年来政府与教育部关于加强心理健康教育的文件近年来政府与教育部关于加强心理健康教育的文件46.一、大学生心理健康的标准一、大学生心理健康的标准

48、1、树立科学的健康观、树立科学的健康观2、心理健康的内涵与标准、心理健康的内涵与标准3、正确理解心理健康的标准、正确理解心理健康的标准47.48.49.50.世界卫生组织前总干事马勒博士世界卫生组织前总干事马勒博士：必须让人们认识到，健康并不代表一必须让人们认识到，健康并不代表一切，但失去了健康，便失去了一切。切，但失去了健康，便失去了一切。古罗马哲学家西塞罗：古罗马哲学家西塞罗：心理疾病比起生理疾病为数更多，为心理疾病比起生理疾病为数更多，为害更烈。害更烈。51.52.53.54.55.对心理健康标准的理解对心理健康标准的理解1、判断心理健康应兼顾内外两方面判断心理健康应兼顾内外两方面外：行

49、为符合规范、人际关系协调、社会适应良好外：行为符合规范、人际关系协调、社会适应良好内：心理机能健全、正当手段满足需要内：心理机能健全、正当手段满足需要2、心理健康有不同层次心理健康有不同层次积极的：高层次、有追求、有价值目标积极的：高层次、有追求、有价值目标消极的：适应和平衡，内心没冲突消极的：适应和平衡，内心没冲突 56.3、心理健康是一种状态，更是一个过程心理健康是一种状态，更是一个过程）4、心理健康归根结底是一种人生态度心理健康归根结底是一种人生态度57总的一点就是：总的一点就是：a)对自己，有良好的自我意识；对自己，有良好的自我意识；b)对别人，友好、宽容，有良好的人际关系；对别人，友

50、好、宽容，有良好的人际关系；c)对工作，投入极大的热情；对工作，投入极大的热情；d)对环境，有良好的适应能力。对环境，有良好的适应能力。一般而言，判断个体心理健康与否，主要源于四个方面：经验标准、社会适应标准、统经验标准、社会适应标准、统计学标准、自身行为标准计学标准、自身行为标准.58.二、大学生常见二、大学生常见心理问题及影响因素心理问题及影响因素1 1、什么是心理问题、什么是心理问题2 2、心理问题的常见表现、心理问题的常见表现3 3、心理问题的类型、心理问题的类型4 4、心理问题产生原因、心理问题产生原因59.心理问题是指所有各种心理及行为异常的情形。心理问题是指所有各种心理及行为异常