高中高考英语语法填空解题技巧.doc

1、语法填空解题技巧 根据各地高考试卷总结如下规律和趋势：1短文题材：多为记叙文或夹叙夹议文或说理文，或体现某种文化内涵，或给人心灵以启迪等。2短文难度：没有超出课标的生词，但有课标单词的派生词，主要考查句子结构和语篇分析能力。3短文长度：200词左右，不超过12句话。 4首句不设空。5考点设置：（1）纯空格题：设3个小题，通常考查冠词、介词、代词和连词等，答案只填一个单词。（2）用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空：设7个小题，通常考查谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等，答案只能填一个单词或两个或更多。（3）不会要求考生根据上下问来填写一个名词、动词或拼写较长的形容词

2、和副词。一、没有提示词 的解题技巧： 没有提示词 填空题主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词。 不定冠词a / an（泛指）： +可数名词单数； +adj.+可数名词单数； 冠词 固定搭配：as a result；in a hurry；have a good time. 定冠词：the（特指） 常用定冠词口诀： 特指双熟悉 , 上文已提及； 世上独无二，序数最高级； 某些专有名，习语及乐器。 介词短语及动词短语固定搭配：from.to.;no more than.;as(作为）；next to.;by car 介词 be familiar with/as/to; at

3、 the same time; go back to; on sale; on display; on ones own. keep on doing; be crazy about; be strict with sb; with the help of.;lie in/on/to 并列连词（并列句：由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成） 表示递进或顺承关系：and, not only.but also., not. but.等 表示因果关系so，for 表示选择关系：or， either.or. 表示转折关系：but， yet. 定语从句：who, that, which, when,

4、 where, why. 从属连词 名词性从句：what, whether, who, that. 连词 时间状语从句:when, while. as, before, until, since. 让步状语从句：although，though，whether.or. 状语从句 条件状语从句：if， unless，as long as. 结果状语从句：so.that.，such.that. 比较状语从句：as.as.，.than. 代词用法人称代词主格 I we he she ityou they人称代词宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词不定代词（物主代词：形容词性物主代词后必须加名词;

5、 名词性物主代词作主语，宾语，本身就是名词，后不需再加名词）。 首先，分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。共有以下6个技巧：技巧1： +可数名词单数； +adj.+可数名词单数中一般要先考虑冠词例1I can send message to Kenya whenever I want to and it gets there almost in a second.例2It is said that short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious

6、 to help his rice crop grow up quickly.例3. A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. _ _water was sweet. 技巧2：名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面，一定是填介词。例4who should have the honor of receiving me _ _ a guest in their house.例5. Anyone who took advantage of that situat

7、ion would be showing a lack of respect the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard （produce）it.”例6. The young man went home _ a happy heart.技巧3: 若并列的两个或几个单词或短语或句子之间没有连词，可能是填连词：若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）。例7 took the thieves just three minutes to

8、 steal paintings by two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso Candido Poninari, which are worth millions of dollars.例8.There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _ some of them looked very anxious and _ _ (disappoint) .例9.My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me the bus arrived.例10

9、：The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini _ _died in 1926.例11：One day, he came up with an idea he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.例12：In Japan, for example, it is normal for the woman to send chocolates to the man in Korea April 14th is known as “Black Day”.例13：He was very tir

10、ed after doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy.例14.She remembered difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father例15.you can not imagine a pain that is.例16:Only (find) a bag of money under the stone. Imagine surprised he was at last! 技巧4: 由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。(1) 由it is

11、/was that 强调结构的形式，判断it 还是that。判断方法：去掉it is/was that结构，句子还是一个完整的句子就是强调句型。(2) 由it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格是否填it.例16：and _ was only after I heard she become sick that I learned she couldnt eat garlic.例17： as _ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists.例18：Dating sites also m

12、akes_ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in. (3) 在有些固定句式中通常填so/such.that., neither.nor, notuntil等词。例19：This made the goat so jealous _ it began plotting against the donkey.例20.Pahlsson screamed 3 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “she thought I had hurt 4 (I),” say

13、s Pahlsson. 例21. So Nick called to his son,” Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 2 too little.”例22. she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _ 8_ （he）例23. I sat next to the man and introduced 10 （I）.二、有提示词的解题技巧：有提示词的语法填空题语法填空题的括号中所提供的词

14、通常是动词、形容词、副词和名词、代词。(一)、给出了动词的试题解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按照以下两点进行思考。技巧5：若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。例24：When I die, I (give) everything to you.25：That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _(close) my book and walked away

15、.例26：In the earthquake，three people _ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. 例27: Being too anxious to help an event develop often (result) in the contrary to our intention.例28: Now, Valentines Day (celebrate) in many countries around the world.技巧6: 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动

16、词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定是v-ing形式，-ed形式，还是不定式，确定的方法主要有：(1) 作主语或宾语，通常用v-ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。(2) 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。(3) 作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词（v-ing）;若是被动关系，用过去分词（-ed）。 V-ing ： 表示主动或进行 （与逻辑主语是主动关系）多做伴随状语，位于名词后后后置定语 非谓语 to do ： 做目的状语和后置定语 V-过去分词： 表被动或完成 （与逻辑主语是被动关系）位于名词后多做后置定语例29：but it is

17、not enough only _ _(memorize) rules from a grammar book.例30： _(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary例31:He wasnt used to (take) care of like that.例32：_ (complete) the project as planed, well have to work two more hours a day.例33：Some people say that oldest childre

18、n, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely_ _(succeed).例34：He saw the stone, _ (say) to himself: “the night will be very dark.”例35：The headmaster went into the lab, _ (follow) by the foreign guests.例36: To return to the problem of water pollution, Id like you to look at a study (conduct) in

19、 Austria in 2012. 例37: Today there are many airplanes (carry) more people than ever before in the skies.例38：While she was getting me (settle) into a tiny but clean room例39:While waiting for the opportunity to get (promote) , Henry did his best to perform his duty. 非谓大战擂台，你最棒！1. (understand)your own

20、needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.2. (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.3. (know)basic first-aid skills, according to the expert, will help people respond effectively t

21、o emergencies.4.Above all，I have come to understand that (bring) happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness.5. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, (range) from butterflies to elephants.6.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time (spend) with his students.7. In

22、art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message (hide)within the work.8. The park was full of people,(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.9. Theres a note pinned to the door(say)when the shop will open again.10. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras(return)to our shop for

23、quality problems.11.You cannot accept an opinion(offer)to you unless it is based on facts.12. Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home,there was a pile of mail(wait)for her.13.With a (puzzle) look on my face, I pointed to myself and said, “Me?”14.I felt hopeless and alone, and more

24、(depress) than I knew was possible.15.It is (shock) that some investment banks even judge candidates by whether they wear brown shoes.16.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, (wonder) whether to stay or leave.17. (found)in the early 20th cent

25、ury, the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.18. Children, when(accompany)by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.19.(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow ,he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.20.The sun began to rise in the sky,(bathe)the mountain in golden l

26、ight.21.Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online(save) their valuable time.22.Back from his two-year medical service in Africa,Dr.Lee was happy to see his mother(take) good care of at home.23.The manager was satisfied to see many new products(develop)after great effor

27、t.24.When we saw the road(block)with snow,we decided to spend the holiday at home.25.With gas(run) out, we have to find the nearest gas station.26.It was then that Stevens seemed to turn the corner and realized his life was still worth(fight) for.27.Firstly, our society needs competition, and only t

28、hrough comparison can we find the distance between 28.us, which surely encourages us(make) more efforts to catch up with others29.(compare) with the high western medicine fees, TCM has a reasonable price so that ordinary people can afford.30.When(compare)different cultures, we often pay attention on

29、ly to the differences without noticing many similarities.31.Many Chinese brands, (develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. 其次，若所给动词既不做谓语也不做非谓语，那就是词的转换题。技巧7: 动词的词类转换主要做主语、宾语和定语。例40：There are (comfort) feelings often as any kind of physical pain.例41：

30、It came into (exist) with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry.例42：They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building (equip) to dig holes.例43：When Chinas ancient scientific and technological _ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally prefer to the Fo

31、ur Great Inventions.例44：These people have made great _ (contribute) to China with their work.例45：But Jane knew from past experience that her (choose) of ties hardly pleased her father.（二）、给出了形容词、副词、名词的试题解题技巧技巧8: 形容词一般位于名词前做定语修饰该名词，或位于系动词之后；技巧9: 副词修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。例46：The youngster immedia

32、tely fell _ _(silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.例47：In a _ _(danger ) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to例48：Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _ _(interest) in the subject.例49：This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their

33、 (nature) course.例50：She was 8 _（surprise）helpful.例51：There must be something _ _(serious) wrong with our society.例52：Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet _ (main) because their busy life styles leave them little time例53： (fortune),the guest escaped unharmed.技巧10: 有的词义转换题，词类或词性不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义

34、相反的派生词，需要句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-, in-等，在词根后加-less等。例54： People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _ _(use).例55：Your mistake caused a lot of _ _(necessary) work in the office.技巧11: 括号中所给词若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。例56：The oth

35、er frog went on jumping as hard as he could he jumped even _ (hard) and nearly made himself out.例57：Guangzhou is the third (large) city in China. 例58：but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” (high)。技巧12:括号中所给名词是可数名词，根据文意要用到相对应的名词复数形式，也是考试的一个出题点。例59：Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of （stranger）sudden became (friend）to one another.例60：It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and _ work.6