北美护理杂志读书报告会讲义课件.ppt
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1、Communication Communication SkillsSkills Nursing Department Gu Danfeng 2015-07-02 C o mmu n i c a t i o n S k i l l s N u r s i n g 1 重点内容重点内容 2 沟通的介绍沟通的介绍 3 历史背景历史背景 4 护士沟通的职责护士沟通的职责 5 病人满意度病人满意度 6 沟通技巧沟通技巧 目 CONTENTS 录 1 重点内容 2 沟通的介绍 3 历史背景 4重点重点(Key Points)?在美国,医疗差错被认为是导致病人死亡的第三个主要原因在美国,医疗差错被认为是导
2、致病人死亡的第三个主要原因(Hospital medical errors are now considered the third leading Hospital medical errors are now considered the third leading cause of death in the United States.cause of death in the United States.)?美国联合委员会确认沟通障碍是导致病人意外伤害的一个很美国联合委员会确认沟通障碍是导致病人意外伤害的一个很严重的因素,作为国际患者安全目标卫生保健提供者要提高严重的因素,作为国际患者
3、安全目标卫生保健提供者要提高沟通效能沟通效能(The US Joint Commission identified miscommunication(The US Joint Commission identified miscommunication as the main cause of serious,unexpected patient injuries and as the main cause of serious,unexpected patient injuries and improving thr effectiveness of communication among
4、health care improving thr effectiveness of communication among health care providers as a national patient safety goal.)providers as a national patient safety goal.)?国际移民组织建议在处理医疗和用药错误时要看系统的改进国际移民组织建议在处理医疗和用药错误时要看系统的改进而不是看个人的失误而不是看个人的失误(The IOM recommended looking at system(The IOM recommended looki
5、ng at system improvements,rather than individual failures,when addressing improvements,rather than individual failures,when addressing medical and medication error.)medical and medication error.)重点(K e y P o i n t s)?在美国,医疗差错被认为是导致重点(重点(Key Points)?针对专业护理实践和围绕针对专业护理实践和围绕 4小时护理合作,跨专业学习的经小时护理合作,跨专业学习的
6、经验是必不可少的验是必不可少的(The implementation of interprofessional learning experiences is essential for nursing,given the nature of professional nursing practice and with around-the-clock coordination of care provided.)?共同管理能提高安全举措;员工必须协作、要公平和问责共同管理能提高安全举措;员工必须协作、要公平和问责(Shared governance can provide safety in
7、itiatives;employees must have partnership,equity,and accountability.)?共同管理受益所有权必须是在服务点,并且共同管理受益所有权必须是在服务点,并且 90%的决定必须的决定必须是由提供保健服务的服务点来决定的是由提供保健服务的服务点来决定的(For shared governance to be beneficial ownership must occur at the point of service and occur with at least 90%of the decisions being made by tho
8、se providing the point of care service.)重点(K e y P o i n t s)?针对专业护理实践和围绕4 小时介绍(介绍(introductionintroduction)?1 1、过于频繁、无效的工作政策和操作阻碍了护士关注、过于频繁、无效的工作政策和操作阻碍了护士关注病人的需求,结果导致病人护理和护士工作满意度变病人的需求,结果导致病人护理和护士工作满意度变得很糟糕。(得很糟糕。(Too often,inefficient workplace policies Too often,inefficient workplace policies an
9、d practices prevent hospital nurses from focusing and practices prevent hospital nurses from focusing fully on the needs of their patients,and patient care fully on the needs of their patients,and patient care and nurse job satisfaction suffer as a result.and nurse job satisfaction suffer as a resul
10、t.)?2 2、沟通涉及表达和接受信息的双向过程,对于沟通的、沟通涉及表达和接受信息的双向过程,对于沟通的双方,沟通的信息要及时、准确和有效。双方,沟通的信息要及时、准确和有效。(Communication involves a two-way process of expressive Communication involves a two-way process of expressive and receptive communication and receptive communication。Communication should be Communication should
11、 be timely,accurate,and useful to the sender and the timely,accurate,and useful to the sender and the receiver of message.)receiver of message.)介绍(i n t r o d u c t i o n)?1、过于频繁、无效的工作介绍(介绍(introductionintroduction)?3 3、美国联合委员会指出无效的沟通是导致病人意外伤害重美国联合委员会指出无效的沟通是导致病人意外伤害重要原因要原因(The US Joint Communicatio
12、n,a nonprofit health care The US Joint Communication,a nonprofit health care accreditation organization,identified miscommunication as the accreditation organization,identified miscommunication as the main cause of seriousmain cause of serious)?(帕拉迪思和他的同事对自愿参与住院病人安全事件调研的三家医院的研究发现医疗帕拉迪思和他的同事对自愿参与住院病人
13、安全事件调研的三家医院的研究发现医疗差错增加了病人差错增加了病人 17%的住院费用和延长的住院费用和延长 22%的住院时间。人类卫生服务部监察长办公的住院时间。人类卫生服务部监察长办公室统计,在室统计,在 2010年,有年,有18万个病人死于医疗护理差错)万个病人死于医疗护理差错)?4 4、联合国委员会在、联合国委员会在20132013年上半年定点事件报道中沟通不年上半年定点事件报道中沟通不畅是第二个常见原因。定点事件是指员工、医生、管理者畅是第二个常见原因。定点事件是指员工、医生、管理者和病人家属的沟通和病人家属的沟通。(。(The Joint Commission determined t
14、hat The Joint Commission determined that miscommunication was the second common cause of sentinel miscommunication was the second common cause of sentinel events reported in the first 6 months of 2013.the sentinel events reported in the first 6 months of 2013.the sentinel events relating to communic
15、ation involved staff,physicians,events relating to communication involved staff,physicians,administration,and patients families.administration,and patients families.)介绍(i n t r o d u c t i o n)?3、美国联合委员会指出无历史意义(历史意义(historical implications)?21世纪新的健康系统,倡导以世纪新的健康系统,倡导以6个目标来提高卫生保个目标来提高卫生保健:包括安全护理、有效护理、
16、以病人为中心的护健:包括安全护理、有效护理、以病人为中心的护理、及时护理、高效护理、公平护理。理、及时护理、高效护理、公平护理。(A New Health System for the 21st Century proposed six aims for improving health care that include safe,effective,patient-centerd,timely,efficient,and equitable care.)?IOM(医学研究所)报道检验了健康护理系统的复(医学研究所)报道检验了健康护理系统的复杂性并清楚认识到健康专业人员在沟通交流中需要杂性并
17、清楚认识到健康专业人员在沟通交流中需要掌握新的能力和团队合作,从而保持和提高病人护掌握新的能力和团队合作,从而保持和提高病人护理质量和安全。理质量和安全。(The IOM reports examined the(The IOM reports examined the complexity of the health care system and recognized complexity of the health care system and recognized that health professionals needed to master new that health p
18、rofessionals needed to master new competecies in communication and teamwork to maintain competecies in communication and teamwork to maintain and enhance the quality and safety of patient care.)and enhance the quality and safety of patient care.)历史意义(h i s t o r i c a l i mp l i c a t i o n s)护士日常沟通
19、职责护士日常沟通职责 (nursesnurses daily responsibility to daily responsibility to communicationcommunication)?有效沟通对临床一线的护士来说是专业责任。有效沟通对临床一线的护士来说是专业责任。(Effective communication for the front-line nurse is a professional responsibility.)?护理专家莱文,强调所有人员提供的护理语言必须清晰易护理专家莱文,强调所有人员提供的护理语言必须清晰易懂懂这是专业沟通实践模式中必须的技巧,该模式强调
20、这是专业沟通实践模式中必须的技巧,该模式强调跨学科交流。跨学科交流。?Every nurse has the opportunity to make a positive impact on patient outcome through day-to-day advocacy for patients,nurses,and the nursing profession.护士日常沟通职责 (n u r s e s d a i l y r e 护士日常沟通职责护士日常沟通职责 有效的沟通务求信息的清晰和精准,这些信息不仅需要验有效的沟通务求信息的清晰和精准,这些信息不仅需要验证,而且也要基于大家
21、一起协作共事,体现抗压所表现出证,而且也要基于大家一起协作共事,体现抗压所表现出来的冷静和风度,重视相互尊重,以及对独特个体的客观来的冷静和风度,重视相互尊重,以及对独特个体的客观理解。(理解。(For effective communication,the communication must have clarity and precision of message that relies on verification and collaborative problem solving,calm and supportive demeanor under stress,maintenan
22、ce of mutual respect,and an authentic understanding of the unique role.)(nursesnurses daily responsibility to daily responsibility to communicationcommunication)护士日常沟通职责 有效的沟通务求信息的 专业职责专业职责 (professional responsibility)?美国专业护理实践协会标准提供了专业护士沟通的标准美国专业护理实践协会标准提供了专业护士沟通的标准,包含了以下几点包含了以下几点:?1评估医疗保健消费者、家庭及同
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