开放性作文写作课件.ppt

1、评分l15分：分：描图描图5 分分+议论议论10分。分。l评分标准：评分标准：l基本描绘：图中有什么基本描绘：图中有什么 l好的描绘：图中发生了什么，好的描绘：图中发生了什么，人物和事物之间的关系。人物和事物之间的关系。What is going on?l讲故事不算完成任务，写得讲故事不算完成任务，写得再好，最多得再好，最多得5分。分。l高档作文，描述和议论要有高档作文，描述和议论要有关系，如隐语，类比等。关系，如隐语，类比等。lStep 1:observe the picture carefully l 仔细观察图片内容仔细观察图片内容lStep 2:find out the logical

2、 connection among the things or between the things and life in the picturel 发现逻辑关系发现逻辑关系How to find out the suitable topic？开放性作文写作第一步？开放性作文写作第一步？找主题（找主题（The topic of the picture）In your English class,you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to your classmates how you understand it

3、.We should keep the balance of nature.猴老师，您一定要猴老师，您一定要教会小鸭上树！教会小鸭上树！In your English class,you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to your classmates how you understand it.Parents always ask their children to do something beyond their abilities.In your English class,you are asked

4、to describe the following picture and explain to your classmates how you understand it.We should adjust our ideas and measures to the changing situation.In your English class,you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to your classmates how you understand it.Nowadays teenagers are t

5、oo addicted to the internet.In your spoken English class,your teacher shows you the following picture.You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.Some people look confident,but what they actually have in their head is far from enough.一篇好的开放性作文什么样的？一篇好的开放性作文什么样的？As is show

6、n in the picture,a half-empty bottle is going to stick a label of“full”on its body,feeling proud and confident.The picture seems to be reflecting a kind of social phenomenon.We might often meet some people who look confident,trying to impress others with their“rich”knowledge.However,just like the bo

7、ttle in the picture,what they really know is just a little.What they actually have in their head is far from enough.As an old saying goes,empty bottles make the loudest noise.Therefore,its wise to enrich ourselves with knowledge and try to make our head full./启启承承转转回回合合描图描图（结合图）议论（结合图）议论l如何如何“启启”？1.

8、As is shown in the picture,.2.As we can see from the picture,.4.In the picture we can see that.5.From the picture we can see that.3.As can be seen from the picture,.6.As the picture indicates,there is/are sb.doing.描图描图如何描图？如何描图？l如何如何“承承”？1.The picture seems to.2.The picture tries to.3.The picture co

9、nveys a message that.4.It is a common phenomenon in our daily life.5.It is quite a common scene in the society.6.Such a situation seems common in our society.图中含义图中含义如何表达？如何表达？l如何如何“转转”？1.However,just like the in the picture,.2.If,.注意注意:“转转”的方式非常灵活，难以有固定的方式非常灵活，难以有固定的的 模式，关键要模式，关键要“见风使舵见风使舵”。1、然而，真实

10、的情况是、然而，真实的情况是.2、如果不这样、如果不这样,会有啥结果会有啥结果l如何如何“回回”？1.,as is shown in the picture.回到图里回到图里2.just like in the picture.把议论和图片结合，进行比较，论点才站得把议论和图片结合，进行比较，论点才站得住脚，也才有意义。住脚，也才有意义。如何回图？如何回图？l如何如何“合合”？1.Therefore，.结论结论 2.Thus，.3.So.4.In conclusion，.5.Only in this way can.结论的得出也是比较灵活的结论的得出也是比较灵活的,没有固定模式没有固定模式一篇

11、好的开放性作文什么样的？一篇好的开放性作文什么样的？As is shown in the picture,a half-empty bottle is going to stick a label of“full”on its body,feeling proud and confident.The picture seems to be reflecting a kind of social phenomenon.We might often meet some people who look confident,trying to impress others with their“ric

12、h”knowledge.However,just like the bottle in the picture,what they really know is just a little.What they actually have in their head is far from enough.As an old saying goes,empty bottles make the loudest noise.Therefore,its wise to enrich ourselves with knowledge and try to make our head full./启启承承

13、转转回回合合描图描图（结合图）议论（结合图）议论实战实战In your spoken English class,your teacher shows you the following picture.You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.可接受立意：可接受立意：1.整体中，个体的作用；整体中，个体的作用；2.系列事件中，每一个环节的作用；系列事件中，每一个环节的作用；3.细节决定成败；细节决定成败；4.知识知识/事物之间环环相扣，相互联系。事物之间环环相扣，相互联系。不能接受的立意不能

14、接受的立意:1.好习惯，坏习惯；好习惯，坏习惯；2.好的开始很重要；好的开始很重要；3.做好第一步很重要；做好第一步很重要；4.合理安排事物；合理安排事物；5.学习知识需要循序渐进学习知识需要循序渐进;6.如何解决问题；如何解决问题；7.打好基础很重要；打好基础很重要；8.从小事做起；从小事做起；9.心中有他人，考虑他人意见；心中有他人，考虑他人意见；10.不恰当的比喻（不恰当的比喻（terrorism和和society）描图描图一般描图一般描图(有什么有什么)好的描图好的描图(关系关系,趋势趋势)There is a circle of bricks standing one next to

15、 another.The first brick on the right is falling down,causing the falling of the next one.In the end,the whole circle will.The success of a project depends on each individual step.立意立意跳出图，提出观点跳出图，提出观点In the picture,we can see a circle of bricks standing next to each other.The first brick on the righ

16、t is falling down,causing the falling of the next one.In the end,the whole circle will be ruined.The picture conveys a message that the success of a project depends on each individual step.When each individual step is given full attention,it is quite likely that the whole project will be a success.I

17、n the same way,a mistake in one step may lead to a complete failure of the whole project,as is shown in the picture.So each individual step can make the difference between success and failure.We should try our best every step of the way.范文范文实战实战In your spoken English class,your teacher shows you the

18、 following picture.You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.In this picture we can see that the man is dreaming to have chances to succeed,to own a big house or a car,to be traveling in many places in the world and so on.But he never tries to realize them only lying th

19、ere to have a day-dream.It is a common phenomenon in our daily life.There are also some people like him.They want to have a chance but they never work hard and manage to catch it.Chances,success and other things will be given to the hard-working people.Everyone wants to succeed and have a better lif

20、e,so from now on lets try hard no matter how many difficulties and failures we will meet on the way.范文范文lVersion 2不从外表判断人不从外表判断人 In the picture are a big tree and some small grass.The tree is tall and strong,but it has been broken by the strong wind.Compared with the tree,the grass is small and weak

21、.Nevertheless,the strong wind can hardly do any harm to it.It is certain that the grass will stay healthy as ever after the wind.Things are not always acting in the way they look.It is the same with human beings.Some people are like the big tree.They are easily defeated by difficulty although they h

22、ave strong appearance.Weak as some people may seem,they are actually very strong in mind.They are ready to face challenges and never give up in time of difficulty,just like the grass in the picture.So,we should never judge a person by his appearance.一、语序变化主语后移 lIt is a point of honor with the custom

23、er not to let the shopkeeper guess what it is she really likeslIt makes no difference whether we stay or leave.一、语序变化l宾语后移lWe consider it necessary for her to do it all over againlOne finds it a bore doing pattern drills 一、语序变化l被动结构lThe program was designed by a very little boy.lThe gun powder was i

24、nvented by Chinese一、语序变化l层进句lI see that small group of men who plan，organize，and launch this cataract（奔流）of horrors upon mankindlThat is what it means；that is all it means；that is all it will mean一、语序变化l倒装句lSeldom has a city gained such world renownlNo sooner had he opened the gate from outside than

25、 he came into the garden and waited until someone let him out.一、语序变化l其他倒装强调形式lUnder the large stone lies the treasure.lOnly five men did he seelA liar he is一、语序变化l修辞表现强调1)重复lA society is sustained by communication;communication makes life possible.2)夸张lIve got a mountain of work to do today.lAgain a

26、 million thanks.一、语序变化l强调句1)It is/was+that/who 结构lIt was the new method that they used.2)冒号和破折号后面也是加强的部分lThey think they got their little secret tucked away，and so they have except now.3)双重否定 lThere is no rule that has exceptions 4)利用进行时态表示强调，带有感情色彩和力量。lThe woman is always bragging about her three d

27、aughters二、长、短句结合 lAlthough I have been away from my hometown for only three years,I can hardly recognize it.(复杂句)lIn spite of being away from my hometown for only three years,I can hardly recognize it.(简单句)三、以同位语、短语和非谓语动词开始句子 lWith fear and expectation they waited by the telephone.lStrangely enough,

28、he cannot speak a word of English,having lived in Australia for such a long time.三、以同位语、短语和非谓语动词开始句子 lLooking out of the train window,we found a completely different scenery.lSusan,a dedicated naturalist,spent years studying birds and plants on the island.lTo see his work applied to peoples life is

29、the happiest thing for him.四、使用there be结构lThere were times when we had nothing to eat in the houselThere seems something wrong with the bikelThere appears to be some evidence of a genetic link to alcohol abuselThere can be no doubt about the answer 五、用It作形式主语 lIts a shame that you caught the flu and

30、 missed so many classes.lIt appeared that Jane had lost her waylIt seems that Louisa doesnt hate us after alllIt is no use for us to try this again六、用副词引导句子lUnfortunately,a number of more serious problems remain to be solvedlActually，he is the son of a farmerlEssentially,the poor people there need f

31、ood to survive rather than computerslFrankly speaking，he cheated in the examination七、使用排比l单词平行lThe young actor was tall，dark，and handsomelWe waited for hours at the airport，reading and sleeping七、使用排比l短语平行lThis is a government of the people，by the people，for the people.lTo support his family and to p

32、ut himself through college，he worked ten hours a day七、使用排比l句子平行lThere is no reason for us to be enemies；neither of us seeks the territory of the other；neither of us seeks domination over the other；neither of us seeks to stretch out our hands and rule the worldlTheir sun-burned faces were dark,and th

33、eir sun-whipped eyes were light.八、巧用状语lSuzhou is a beautiful city,attracting thousands of visitors each day from both the domestic and foreign countries.l多用介词短语引导状语，少用状多用介词短语引导状语，少用状语从句。语从句。八、巧用状语l引导时间、过程状语的介词短语 lat the sight of：The girl became frightened at the sight of the snakes that were crawlin

34、g in the grass.lat the time of on the occasion oflat the moment of at the beginning oflin the course of at the end oflat/on the point of lat/on the closing point oflat the thought of 八、巧用状语l引导地点、程度、空间、范围等状语的介词短语lon the top of She was shouting at the boys on the top of her voice.lexcept for at the fo

35、ot oflin front of to the degree oflat the back of apart fromlin addition to in the front of lin the middle of in the face oflin place of by the side ofl to the point of（到程度）八、巧用状语l引导目的、前提、结果、条件、原因、让步等状语的介词短语lin consideration of In consideration of our long-term cooperation,wed agree to cut the price

36、 by another one percent.lonly if as a result oflgiven under the influence oflin order to under the guidance oflin case of under the pressure oflwith a view to doing（想要。）l for the sake of八、巧用状语lbecause of in search oflowing to according toldue to in view of(考虑到)lso as to lin line with（与。相似）lby reason

37、 of l in the light of(考虑到)lby means of in spite of lon account of despitel although/though/even though lto the satisfaction of八、巧用状语l引导比较、指涉、对象、指谓等状语的介词短语lin honor of las to l in connection with （与。有关）las for in contrast tolas far as in comparison with八、巧用状语l引导方式、方法、手段等状语的介词短语lwith the aid of He fin

38、ally made the point clear with the aid of some charts and pictures.lby means of on behalf of lby way of in the name oflin the form of at the request oflby force of instead of lon the chance oflwith the help of through the help oflin exchange of through the channel oflin place of in the habit of 八、巧用

39、状语l引导补充、关联、衔接等状语的介词和短语（常用插入式）lin the final analysis In the final analysis,this theory can be applicable in more fields than they seem to be.lso to speak（可以说）They were all very similar.All cut from the same cloth,so to speak.lto be honest hopefullylto be direct to be frank llike it or not in generall

40、believe it or not in particularlif not best by the way动词与主语的一致lHaving informed of the market change,the factorys products are changed to meet the needs of the market.lSeeing the baby sleeping soundly,the mother went into the garden to water the flowers.lHearing the shouting,the birds flew away immed

41、iately.lJoe saw the birds flying away immediately at the sound they heard.动词与主语的一致l结构公式1lDoing,sb.was doing ,doing.and doing.Standing at the doorway,she was shaking hands with the departing guests,waving good-bye to them and seeing them off.动词与主语的一致l结构公式2lAfter doing.,sb.did.and did.After finishing

42、reading the book,he took out a piece of paper and started to write down what he remembered.动词与主语的一致l结构公式3lDoing.,doing sb.did.Seeing many people doing that,thinking that he could do the same,he started to do the same thing.动词与主语的一致l结构公式4lHaving done,sb.did.and did.Having finished the meal,she picked

43、 the phone and started talking with someone about the next days journey to the country.动词与主语的一致l结构公式5lSb.did,doing.She came into the room,carrying a bundle of newspapers.得体地使用过渡词表示附加again再者，此外 also加之，且又 furthermore而且，再者 in addition加之，此外 and然后，就 moreover此外as well as既又 not onlybut also不但而且 besides并且，除

44、此之外 second其次 finally最后 third再者further而且，再者 first首先 得体地使用过渡词l表示让步 after all终究，毕竟 even if(though)即使 although虽然(较正式)nevertheless然而，不过 at least至少 of course当然 anyhow无论如though虽然 clearly显然 yet然而，但是得体地使用过渡词l表示强调 above all尤其是，最重要的 in fact事实上，应该是说 certainly当然 in particular特别是 first and foremost首先，第一 most impo

45、rtantly最重要的是 indeed确实如此 surely想必(强调推断)得体地使用过渡词l表示时间 after a while过了一会儿 meanwhile在这期间，同时 afterward以后，后来 now现在 as long as在期间内，长达 once一旦，只要 as soon as 一就 once upon a time从前 at last最后 presently当今，现在 shortly不久，马上 at that moment那一刻得体地使用过渡词l表示时间 when当 at that time那时 since(自从)以来before在之前 so far到目前为止 soon不久，

46、很快 early or late迟早，早晚 soon after不久，随即 immediately立即 in the meantime正在此时 then于是 in the past过去 thereafter其后 lately近来，最近 until直到(为止)later随后，稍后 得体地使用过渡词l表示地点 above在之上 nearby临近的 on the other side在另一边 below在之下 opposite to相反的，面对面的elsewhere在别处 there那里 farther(on)更远 to the east在之 here这里 to the left在左边 near近的

47、，接近的 wherever不管什么地方得体地使用过渡词l表示例证 for example例如 specifically特别地 for instance例如 that is(to say)也就是说得体地使用过渡词表示比较 like像一样，正如 as it were可谓，好比是 by comparison相比之下 similarly相似地 equally同样地 too也，而且 in the same way以同样方式得体地使用过渡词l表示对照或转折 but(不)而 nevertheless依然 despite尽管，纵使 on the contrary 相反 however然而，但是 on the

48、other hand另一方面 in contrast with与成对照 unlike与不同 instead代替，(不)而 whereas然而，虽然得体地使用过渡词l表示目的 for the purpose of为达到目的 in order that为了得体地使用过渡词l表示因果 accordingly因此，于是 for this reason正因为此 (and)thus因此，于是 hence因此，基于此 as a result结果 because因为 so that因此，以至于 consequently因此，所以 therefore因此，所以得体地使用过渡词l表示概括 all in all总的

49、来说 in conclusion最后，总之 as has been said如上所说 in short简单地说，总之 at last最后，总之 in summary总之 finally最后，总之 on the whole总的说来 in a word总而言之 to sum up总而言之 in brief简单地说，总之 希望以上这些方法对于想进一步提高英语写作能力的同学有所帮助。相信只要同学们多积累单词和词组、固定短语和名言警句，灵活使用，你们的书面表达一定会精彩纷呈。让我们从2007年高考说起l 情景作文：情景作文：假设你是李华，要给英国笔友Harry写封信，介绍你班两位同学精选班长的过程。请按

50、下图顺序描述。注意：1.信的开头已为你写好。2.词数不少于60.提示词：竞选班长monitor election 2007北京高考试题英语作文北京高考试题英语作文.doc你的理解有误区吗l以下理解哪些是正确的？1、四幅图，每一幅图是一个内容要 点，每一个要点必须有细节支撑；2、如果漏写一个内容要点，降低2个档次；3、如果漏写一个支撑细节，降低1个档次；4、确定档次后，如果语言优美，词汇和句式丰富，可以加1分。5、描写完4幅图后，一定要写出自己的看法。2007高考学生作文9篇.doc题目l 情景作文：情景作文：美国中学生美国中学生Jeff将要来你所在的红将要来你所在的红星中学学习中文，经协商安排