中职英语第三册unit-3-resources-and-environment课件.ppt

1、Lesson 1 Natural resources A natural resource is anything people can use which comes from nature.People do not make natural resources,but gather them from the earth.Examples of natural resources are air,water,wood,crude oil,solar energy,wind energy,hydro-electric energy.自然资源（自然资源（natural resources）:

2、凡是自然物质经过人类的发凡是自然物质经过人类的发现，被输入生产过程，或直接进入消耗过程，变成有用途的，现，被输入生产过程，或直接进入消耗过程，变成有用途的，或能给人以舒适感，从而产生有价值的东西。或能给人以舒适感，从而产生有价值的东西。自然界存在的有用自然物。人类可以利用的、自然生成的物质自然界存在的有用自然物。人类可以利用的、自然生成的物质与能量，是人类生存的物质基础。主要包括气候、生物、水、与能量，是人类生存的物质基础。主要包括气候、生物、水、土地和矿产等土地和矿产等5大资源。大资源。What is Natural Resources?It can be divided into two

3、kinds,one is renewable,while the other one is non-renewable.A renewable resource grows again or comes back again after we use it.For example,sunlight,water,and trees are renewable resources.A non-renewable resource is a resource that does not grow or come back,or a resource that would take a very lo

4、ng time to come back.For example,oil,coal,natural gas and all other mineral resources.Natural Resources Renewable resources Nonrenewable resourcesfresh waterforestlandminesfossil fuels(coal,oil and natural gas)Important natural resources on land,there are five and they are:New wordspopulation：,ppjul

5、ein 人口人口1.population常与定冠词the连用,作主语用时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。例如:The worlds population is increasing faster and faster.全世界的人口增长得越来越快 2.当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers.中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。3.表示人口的“多”或“少”,不用“much”或“little”,而要用“large”或“small”。例如:India h

6、as a large population.印度人口众多。Singapore has a small population.新加坡人口少。4.询问某国、某地有多少人口时,不用“How much.?”,而用“How large.?”;在问具体人口时用What.?。例如:你们家乡有多少人口?-How large is the population of your hometown?What is the population of your hometown?save：seiv 节省,节约To save is to get.节约就是赚钱。save nature 保护大自然save money 存钱

7、save ones life 救命Lesson2 Natural disastersearthquakeswindstormsdroughtTsunamifloodmud-rock flowsSand stormVolcanoDefinitionNatural disaster is the consequence of a natural hazard,such as floods,droughts,mud-rock flows,tsunami,earthquakes,windstorms and the stretching of new deserts which affects hum

8、an activities.自然灾害是影响人类活动自然风险，例如洪水，自然灾害是影响人类活动自然风险，例如洪水，干旱、泥石流、海啸、地震，风暴和沙尘暴。干旱、泥石流、海啸、地震，风暴和沙尘暴。Reasons（Why natural disasters occur？）？）There are two reasons:Natural causes(自然原因自然原因)Take earthquake(地震地震)and rock and mud slides for example（泥石流）（泥石流）The earthquake is mainly due to the earths movement c

9、hange(地壳的运动变化地壳的运动变化)The rock and mud slides chiefly because of successive torrential rains(连续的强降雨连续的强降雨)，In addition,the stability of the geological structure（地质结构的稳定性）（地质结构的稳定性）is also very importantcauses of humans errors(人为原因人为原因)1.The atmosphere changed artificially,surface temperature changes

10、caused the changes in core temperature;2.Outer space is disturbed by all kinds of aircraft electromagnetic,affecting the earths magnetic field and solar magnetic field relations;3.Ground water and oil,gas,coal,and others was a lot from the ground quickly,cause the deformed；4.The surface structure,hi

11、gh pressure caused the changes.1、大气层人为地改变，地、大气层人为地改变，地表温度变化引起地核温度变表温度变化引起地核温度变化；化；2、外层空间被各种飞行器、外层空间被各种飞行器的电磁严重干扰，影响了地的电磁严重干扰，影响了地球磁场以及与太阳系磁场关球磁场以及与太阳系磁场关系的变化；系的变化；3、地下水、石油、天然气、地下水、石油、天然气、煤炭、以及其它矿藏被从地煤炭、以及其它矿藏被从地下大量地快速地开采出来，下大量地快速地开采出来，引起地壳变形；引起地壳变形；4、地表建筑高耸入云，引、地表建筑高耸入云，引起地表压力变化。起地表压力变化。Disadvantage

12、 and advantage1.摧毁房屋，使人民居无定所。摧毁房屋，使人民居无定所。Destroy the house,so no fixed abode.2.影响交通，电力，水利设施。影响交通，电力，水利设施。Affected traffic,the electricity and water conservancy facilities.3.影响收成，影响收成，给人民生活带来不便。给人民生活带来不便。Affected crop,and an inconvenience to the peoples livelihood.4.造成巨大经济损失，对国家和人民均不利。造成巨大经济损失，对国家和人

13、民均不利。Enormous economic loss to the country and people are adverse.Advantage：Make people understand the importance of harmony with nature，then do their best to protect the environment.New wordsearthquake :kweik n.地震e.g.:1.Did you experience an earthquake?你经历过地震吗？2.A terrific earthquake shook japan.可怕

14、的地震震撼了日本3.A strong earthquake took place in Sichuan.四川发生了一场强烈地震。danger deind n.危险 1.表示做某事的危险或发生某情况的危险等，通常后接of in(doing)sth The children didnt realize the danger of swimmingin the river.孩子们没有意识到在这河里游泳的危险 Is there any danger in climbing the tree?爬这树有危险吗?2.in danger(of)，意为“在危险中 His life is in danger.他有

15、生命危险。He is in danger of losing his life.他有生命危险Grammar表示：1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g.Igotoschoolonfoot.2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。e.g.Hecanswim.Iworkhard.IlikewatchingTV.3)表示客观真理 e.g.Therearesevendaysinaweek.Themoonmovesroundtheearth.其结构按正常语序，即其结构按正常语序，即“主语主语+谓语谓语+其它其它”一般现在时其句式变化可分为两种情况其句式变化可分为两种情况 1)表示动作，表示动作，一

16、般人称作主语的，变一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词否定句须在动词前加助动词dont；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。E.g.They have lunch at 12:00.They dont have lunch at 12:00.Do they have lunch at 12:00?2）单三人称做主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesnt；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。E.g.Jenny speaks English very well.Jenny doesnt speak English very well.Does Jenny s

17、peak English very well?含有含有be动词动词的要在be上做变化.E.g.Danny is a good student.Danny isnt a good student.Is Danny a good student?其时间状语其时间状语为often、usually、always、sometimes等频率副词，on Saturdays、in the morning(afternoon evening)、every day 等。1 Jenny _ in an office.Her parents _in a hospital.A work;works B works;wo

18、rk C work;are working D is working;work2 One of the boys_ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3 We will go shopping if it _ tomorrow.A dont rain Bdidnt rain Cdoesnt rain Disnt rain 4 He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A rose;set B rises;sets C rises,set D rise;sets5 Wang Mei _

19、music and often _ to music.A like;listen B likes;listens C like;are listening D liking;listenBDcBB一.用法：表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。二、构成：肯定句：主语+动词的过去式 否定句：主语+didnt+动原一般问句：Did+主语+动原一般过去时一般过去时Grammar三三.与什么时间连用与什么时间连用1.yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,yesterdaymorning,yesterdayafternoon,yesterda

20、yevening,2.lastweek,lastyear,lastMonday,lastnight,lastsummer,lastJanuary3.twodaysago,threemonthsago,amomentago,justnow 规则动词过去式的构成1、一般情况下，加-ed。ask-asked help-helped watch-watched2、结尾是“e”的词，加-d。dance-danced love-loved live-lived 3、重读闭音节词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写 这个辅音字母，再加-ed。stop-stopped drop-dropped beg-begg

21、ed4、以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词，改 y 为 i，再加-ed。carry-carried study-studied hurry-hurried Grammargrow-grewknow-knewthrow-threwblow-blewwrite-wrotedrive-droveride-rodeget-gotforget-forgotlend-lentsend-sentspend-spentsay-said*/sed/pay-paidstand-stoodunderstand-understoodlet-letput-putcut-cutread-read*am,is-wasare-wer

22、edo-didgo-wenthave-hadsee-sawcan-couldmay-mightdig-dugeat-atefind-foundmake-madehear-heardrun-rantake-tookhold-heldspeak-spokeleave-leftkeep-keptsleep-sleptsweep-swepttell-toldsell-soldbegin-begansing-sangsit-satswim-swamring-ranggive-gavebring-broughtbuy-boughtthink-thoughtteach-taughtcatch-caughtc

23、ome-camebecome-became不规则动词的过去式不规则动词的过去式Grammar用括号里动词的适当形式填空。用括号里动词的适当形式填空。1.He _(read)that book last week.2.Last night he _(arrive)just in time for the show.3.Mary _(marry)Thomas yesterday.4.Tom _(show)us where to sit at the meeting yesterday.5.Last summer we _(visit)Uncle Jack.6.It _(rain)almost ev

24、ery day last month.7.John _(like)to play piano when he was in secondary school.8.Betty _(work)hard all last year.9.We _(change)the color of our uniforms last Christmas.10.Last year Frances _(buy)her mother a pretty watch for her birthday.readarrivedmarriedshowedvisitedrainedlikedworkedchangedbought语

25、法练习语法练习让我们从点滴做起，身体力行，让我们从点滴做起，身体力行，共共同为安全美好的生活环境努力！同为安全美好的生活环境努力！让我们谱写出人与自然共存的和让我们谱写出人与自然共存的和谐谐音符！音符！Lesson 3 Environmental protection1.Reduce the discharge of Co2:Require us make sure,economize on electricity(generate electricity,take,burn coal),turn on little car,keep the temperature on the earth;

26、2.Protect the forest and ocean well;3.Plant trees;4.Reduce the architecture height in the earths surface,make the pressure of the earths surface invariable;5.Reduce the exploitation of groundwater,petroleum,natural gas,coal,and other mineral deposit,keep the form of the earths surface;6.Improve ones

27、 own consciousness,make sure people get along with the nature harmoniously.1.减少减少co2的排放：要求我们做到节约用电（发电要燃烧煤炭），少开汽车的排放：要求我们做到节约用电（发电要燃烧煤炭），少开汽车,保保持地球的温度；持地球的温度；2.保护好森林和海洋；保护好森林和海洋；3.植树造林；植树造林；4.降低地表建筑高度，使地表压力恒定；降低地表建筑高度，使地表压力恒定；5.减少地下水、石油、天然气、煤炭、以及其它矿藏的开采，保持地表形状；减少地下水、石油、天然气、煤炭、以及其它矿藏的开采，保持地表形状；6.提高自身意

28、识，做到人与自然和谐相处。提高自身意识，做到人与自然和谐相处。SOLUSIONS 一般将来时(the future tense)一般将来时表示在将来某一时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态。它常与表示将来的时间状语如soon,tomorrow,next week,in a few days,the day after tomorrow等连用。结构：be going to+动词原形 will+动词原形肯定式肯定式:主语+will+动词原形+其他 主语+be going to+动词原形+其他否定式否定式:主语+will+not+动词原形+其他.主语+b

29、e not going to+动词原形+其他疑问式疑问式:Will+主语+动词原形+其他 Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他简略回答简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+be going to/will.(否)No,主语+be not going to/will+not nextweekWhatishegoingtodonextweek?Heisgoingtogofishing.thiseveningWhatisthemousegoingtodothisevening?Itisgoingtodoitshomework.Theyaregoingtodance.Whataretheygoingt

30、odo?Shesgoingtoshop/goshopping.What is she going to do?exercises 我明天要去看望我的奶奶。我明天要去看望我的奶奶。几星期后我们要进行野餐。几星期后我们要进行野餐。.我妹妹下星期要去游泳。我妹妹下星期要去游泳。星期天他们要去听音乐。星期天他们要去听音乐。I _ tomorrow.We _ in a few weeks.My sister _ next week.They _ on Sunday.am going to visit my grandmaare going to have a picnicis going to swim

31、are going to listen to the music 现在完成时现在完成时1.概念.现在完成时表示在过去某个时间做过的，发生过的事情，这种行为对目前的影响还存在，还可以表示到目前为止曾经经历或没有经历的事情。2.它通常和already,yet,just,before,recently,ever,never,twice,等词连用。现在现在完成完成时的构成形式时的构成形式 have +done has过去过去分词分词主语主语+规则动词过去分词的构成规则动词过去分词的构成1.一般在动词后直接加一般在动词后直接加-ed构成规则构成规则2.以不发音的以不发音的e结尾的动词，结尾的动词，直接加

32、直接加-d3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的末尾只有一个辅音字母的 重读闭音节词，先双写这重读闭音节词，先双写这 个辅音字母，再加个辅音字母，再加-ed 4.结尾是结尾是“辅音字母辅音字母+y”的动词，的动词，先变先变“y”为为“i”再加再加-ed 例词例词looklookedplayplayedlivelivedhopehopedstopstoppedplanplannedstudystudiedcarrycarried不规则动词过去分词的构成不规则动词过去分词的构成1.三个主要动词三个主要动词 is,ambe arewaswerebeenhave/hashadhaddo/doesdiddone2.

33、AAA型型（三者一致）（三者一致）cut cut cutlet let letput put putcost cost cost read read read3.ABA型型（过去分词与原形一致）（过去分词与原形一致）come came comebecome became becomerun ran run4.ABB型型（过去分词与过去式一致）（过去分词与过去式一致）bring brought broughtfind found foundhear heard heardkeep kept keptmake made made此外还有此外还有leave,win,tell,spend,say，me

34、et等等。等等。5.ABC型型（三者不一致）（三者不一致）eat ate eatengive gave givenwrite wrote writtensee saw seenget got gottenbegin began begun此外还有此外还有go,take,know,speak,swim等等。等等。.肯定句：主语肯定句：主语 have/has+过去分词其他成分。过去分词其他成分。现在完成时态的句式：现在完成时态的句式：.否定句：否定句：主语主语have/has+not+过去分词其他成分。过去分词其他成分。3 3.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语主语过去分词其他成分？过

35、去分词其他成分？4.4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词have/has其他成分？其他成分？肯定句：肯定句：Ihavecleanedmybedroom.否定句：否定句：Ihaventcleanedmybedroom.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Haveyoucleanedyourbedroom?现在完成时现在完成时1.在过去不确定时间发生，但对现在造成了影响。Tom：Hi,Sam.We are having lunch.Do you want to have lunch with me?Sam:No,thank you.I have already had lunch.I had lu

36、nch at 12:30.现在完成时的构成：现在完成时的构成：have/has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词1）标志词标志词:already:yet:多用于陈述句，位于多用于陈述句，位于have/has后，有时位于句末。后，有时位于句末。e.g.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.用于疑问句和否定句，位于句尾。用于疑问句和否定句，位于句尾。e.g.Haveyoufoundyourlostbookyet?Ihaventhadbreakfastyet.ever:never:多用于疑问句，问初次经历。多用于疑问句，问初次经历。e.g.HaveyoueverbeentoBei

37、jing?用于否定句，位于用于否定句，位于have/has后后e.g.Hehasneverarguedwithotherpeople.just:before:多用于陈述句，位于多用于陈述句，位于have/has后后可用于各句式，位于句尾。可用于各句式，位于句尾。e.g.Lucy has just washed her clothes.e.g.He hasnt been abroad before.2）无标志词的：）无标志词的：e.g.Heisnotfeelingwellnow.Hehascaughtacold.Ihavelostthekey.Icantgointomyroom.v1.I _(h

38、ave)lunch alreadyv2.Has the train_(arrive),yet?v3.Tome _ never_(be to)China.v4.The twin _just _(see)my father.have hadarrivedhasbeen tohasseeneg:We have lived in this city for ten years.He has been there in the rain for an hour.She has taught in this school since two years ago.We have known each oth

39、er since we met.2.表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作.(动词：延续性，时间：到现在)标志词标志词:1）for+一段时间一段时间e.g.We have lived in this city for ten years.2）since+过去点时间过去点时间 since+一段时间一段时间+ago since+从句（从句用一般过去式）从句（从句用一般过去式）3）sofar,once/twice/threetimes,alloneslifee.g.They have learnt 2000 words so far.Tom has seen the film twice.Her fath

40、er has worked in the factory all his life.4）inthepast+一段时间一段时间duringthelast+一段时间一段时间e.g.Theyhavebuiltmanyhighbuildingsinthepastthreeyears.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometownduringthelasttwoyearsIve been here since 1999.Shes been there for an hour.for:引导的短语表示一段时间，如：引导的短语表示一段时间，如：for ten yearssince

41、：引导的短语表示时间点，意为：引导的短语表示时间点，意为“自从自从以以来来”，如，如since 1982 练习：请在下列时间前填上for或 since：1._ ten months 2._ 1995 3._ five years 4._ 3 minutes ago现在完成时，现在完成时，强调这一动作产生的结果对现强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响，与现在有关。在的影响，与现在有关。一般过去时，一般过去时，仅仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发仅仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。生过这一动作，与现在无关。have/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin曾经

42、去过某地曾经去过某地到某地去了到某地去了在某地呆了多长时间在某地呆了多长时间1.A:WheresJim,LiLei?B:He_hisschoollibrary.2.TheGreens_Chinaforthreeyears.3.We_theGreatWalltwice.Itsverybeautiful.hasgonetohavebeeninhavebeento注意：注意：单项选择单项选择1.Have you locked the door_?A.already B.yet C.ever D.never答案：答案：B 在现在完成时里，在现在完成时里，yet通常用于疑问句和否定句，通常用于疑问句和否

43、定句，already则常用则常用于肯定句。于肯定句。2.Hes never _ the film.A.see B.saw C.seeing D.seenanswer:D 注意：因为注意：因为never常用于现在完成时，由此判断出常用于现在完成时，由此判断出Hes是是He has的缩写而不是的缩写而不是He is的缩写。的缩写。3.Where is your brother?He _to Dalian,and he_ there 4 times.A.has been;has gone B.has gone;has beenanswer:D have/has been to和和have/has gone to的区别：的区别：1）前者表示某）前者表示某人去过某地（一种经历）；后者表示某人去某地了（在去某地途中或人去过某地（一种经历）；后者表示某人去某地了（在去某地途中或已到某地）。已到某地）。2）前者可以和）前者可以和once(一次，曾经一次，曾经)，twice,4 times,never,ever等词连用。后者不能与上述时间短语连用。等词连用。后者不能与上述时间短语连用。