Unit 1 Grammar 英语句子成分（ppt课件） -2022新外研版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、UNIT1 A NEW STARTGrammarSentence Structure组成句子的各个部分叫做句组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。子成分。它包括：主语、谓语、宾语、它包括：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。足语等。什么是句子成分什么是句子成分?英语句子包含哪些成分？英语句子包含哪些成分？主语主语 S（subject）一般位于句首，是谓语动词讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等或相当于名词的词或短语充当。（1）The villagers are celebrating the harvest.（2）We

2、 often speak English in class.（3）To know everything is to know nothing.（4）Saying is easier than doing.（5）Why he did such a thing is not clear.谓语谓语 V（verb）常位于主语之后，说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。总是由动词或动词短语充当。谓语与主语在人称和数上须保持一致。（谓语部分的划分要把时态、被动语态、情态动词和否定词归入进去。）（6）Henry likes walking.（7）They look after the twins.宾语宾

3、语 O（object）位于及物动词之后，表示动作的对象、承受者或结果。由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句或相当于名词的词或短语充当。宾语又分为直接宾语（direct object）、间接宾语（indirect object）。（8）The workers are building the bridge.（9）We should learn from her.（10）How many do you want?I want two.（11）I cant afford to take dancing lessons.（12）Im looking forward to meeting her.（

4、13）Did you write down what he said?（14）Remember to write us a letter please.（15）I will return the book to you tomorrow.表语表语 P（predicative）位于连系动词之后，说明主语“是什么”“怎么样”。由名词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、从句等充当。（16）Andy and I are friends.（17）Im sixteen.（18）Leaves have gone yellow.（19）We are here.（20）His father is n

5、ot at home.（21）Our duty is to make our environment better.（22）My hobby is reading.（23）Thats where the river joins the sea.状语状语 A（adverbial）用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、原因、方式、程度等。由副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、从句或相当于副词的词或短语充当。（24）Unfortunately，David missed the train.（25）Ten years ago，she began to live in Dali

6、an.（26）I come specially to see you.（27）Seeing its mother，the baby smiled.（28）When he was 12 years old，John came to China.宾语补足语宾语补足语 C（object complement）位于宾语后，用来补充宾语的意义。由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词-ing 形式、过去分词等充当。（29）All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.（30）I find learning English difficult.（31）I saw

7、 the kite up and down.（32）I found him in trouble.（33）Tom made the girl cry.（34）Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.（35）Last year，they heard their house rebuilt.定语定语（attribute）用来修饰名词或代词，说明名词或代词的品质与特征。定语的位置很灵活，凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。前置定语-后置定语（36）The pink dress is Marys.（37）His name is Tom.（38）Two

8、 boys need two pens.（39）The little boy needs Lisas help.（40）The boy in blue is Tom.（41）There is nothing to do today.（42）The smiling lady is very kind.（43）The pen bought by her was made in China.（44）No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.（45）Is he the man who/that wants to see you?句子结构句

9、子结构1.S+V 主语+谓语（不及物动词）2.S+V+O 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语3.S+V+IO+DO 主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语4.S+V+O+C 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语5.S+V+P 主语+连系动词+表语什么是系动词？系表结构是用来描述主语的属性特点、状态的。系动词：1.be动词am is are（was，were）2.感官动词 feel,look,sound,smell，taste.3.渐变动词 get,turn,become,grow，go4.表”持续“动词 remain,keep,hold,stay5.表“似乎”appear，seem划分句子成

10、分并分析下列句子结构（1）I want to make a good first impression.（2）I just had my first maths class at senior high!（3）I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.（4）This afternoon，we had our chemistry class in the science lab.（5）I didnt feel awkward or frightened at all.（6）My favourite subjec

11、t is physics.划分句子成分并分析下列句子结构（7）I plan to become an engineer in the future.（8）Im Lisa.（9）I come from South Africa.（10）Im a Grade 10 student at South Hill High School.（11）My dream is to start my own IT company!翻译句子1.我惊慌失措地看着他们。2.他的话让我放松了很多。3.他坐在那里等着。4.他那鼓舞人心的演讲给我留下了深刻的印象。HomeworkMike was playing baske

12、tball in the classroom excitedly when the ball slipped from his hand and it hit Marys smart phone.The phone fell off the desk and the screen of the smart phone was broken.Mike was rather worried.He thought Mary must be very angry.When Mary came back to the classroom,Mike told Mary the truth.To his surprise,Mary was not so angry as he had imagined.Mary said it was also her fault to take the smart phone to school and put it on the desk.Possible versionPossible version