抗生素优化管理-1课件.pptx
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1、1G-杆菌感染在全球/亚洲/中国的流行病学及影响抗生素优化管理 素材1“坏坏”的细菌正在的细菌正在“逃脱逃脱”?!?!E Enterococcus faeciumnterococcus faecium(屎肠球菌)(屎肠球菌)S Staphylococcus aureustaphylococcus aureus(金黄色葡萄球菌)(金黄色葡萄球菌)K Klebsiella lebsiella(克雷柏菌)(克雷柏菌)A Acinetobactercinetobacter(不动杆菌)(不动杆菌)P Pseudomonasseudomonas(绿脓杆菌)(绿脓杆菌)E Enterobacter/nter
2、obacter/E Escherichia colischerichia coli (肠杆菌属)(肠杆菌属)/(/(大肠杆菌)大肠杆菌)“坏坏”的的G-杆菌会产生杆菌会产生Enterococcus faeciumStaphylococcus aureus Klebsiella(克雷柏菌)(克雷柏菌)ESBL,KPC Escherichia coli(大肠杆菌)大肠杆菌)ESBL Acinetobacter(不动杆菌)(不动杆菌)MRD,PDR,XDR Pseudomonas(绿脓杆菌)(绿脓杆菌)MRD,PDR,XDR Enterobacter(肠杆菌属)(肠杆菌属)SSBL 4我们正面临什么
3、样的问题?我们正面临什么样的问题?SMART研究研究(Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends)Collect up to 100 consecutive GNB from patients with intra-abdominal infections Include unique initial isolates Exclude duplicate isolates Record duration of hospitalization(48 h or 48 h)Isolates recovered after 48 hours
4、 of hospitalization considered community-acquired Isolates recovered 48 hours after hospitalization considered hospital-acquiredAdapted from Chow JW,et al.Surg Infect(Larchmt).2006;6(4):439448.Slide 7SMART Study:Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae Worldwide,20022007EPM=ertapenem;IMP=imipenem;FEP=ce
5、fepime;FOX=cefoxitin;CAZ=ceftazidime;CRO=ceftriaxone;SAM=sulbactam/ampicillin;TZP=tazobactam/piperacillin;AMK=amikacin;LVX=levofloxacin;CIP=ciprofloxacin.Slide 8SMART Study:Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae in Asia/Pacific,20022007EPM=ertapenem;IMP=imipenem;FEP=cefepime;FOX=cefoxitin;CAZ=ceftazid
6、ime;CRO=ceftriaxone;SAM=sulbactam/ampicillin;TZP=tazobactam/piperacillin;AMK=amikacin;LVX=levofloxacin;CIP=ciprofloxacin.Slide 9SMART Study:Susceptibility of E.coli Worldwide,20022007EPM=ertapenem;IMP=imipenem;FEP=cefepime;FOX=cefoxitin;CAZ=ceftazidime;CRO=ceftriaxone;SAM=sulbactam/ampicillin;TZP=ta
7、zobactam/piperacillin;AMK=amikacin;LVX=levofloxacin;CIP=ciprofloxacin.Slide 10SMART Study:Susceptibility of E.coli Asia/Pacific,20022007EPM=ertapenem;IMP=imipenem;FEP=cefepime;FOX=cefoxitin;CAZ=ceftazidime;CRO=ceftriaxone;SAM=sulbactam/ampicillin;TZP=tazobactam/piperacillin;AMK=amikacin;LVX=levoflox
8、acin;CIP=ciprofloxacin.Slide 11SMART Study:Susceptibility of K.pneumoniae Worldwide,20022007EPM=ertapenem;IMP=imipenem;FEP=cefepime;FOX=cefoxitin;CAZ=ceftazidime;CRO=ceftriaxone;SAM=sulbactam/ampicillin;TZP=tazobactam/piperacillin;AMK=amikacin;LVX=levofloxacin;CIP=ciprofloxacin.Slide 12SMART Study:S
9、usceptibility of K.pneumoniae in Asia/Pacific,20022007EPM=ertapenem;IMP=imipenem;FEP=cefepime;FOX=cefoxitin;CAZ=ceftazidime;CRO=ceftriaxone;SAM=sulbactam/ampicillin;TZP=tazobactam/piperacillin;AMK=amikacin;LVX=levofloxacin;CIP=ciprofloxacin.Slide 13SMART Study:Global Trends in ESBL-Producing Enterob
10、acteriaceae,20032007aCefepime and cefepime/clavulanic acid used to determine ESBL status;ceftazidime and cefotaxime with/without clavulanic acid were used 20052007.Adapted from Badal R,et al.Poster presented at:48th Annual ICAAC;2528 October 2008.Prevalence of ESBL-Producing Strains Among 18,845 E.c
11、oli,K.pneumoniae,and K.oxytoca Isolates2004aPrevalence,%Asia/PacificLatin AmericaMiddle East/AfricaEuropeNorth America045402003a2005200620073530252015105Slide 14SMART Study:Prevalence of ESBL-Positive E.coli WorldwideSlide 15Slide 15SMART Study:Prevalence of ESBL-Positive E.coli WorldwideCommunity O
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