Unit 1 Discovering Useful Structure(ppt课件) -2022新人教版(2019)《高中英语》选择性必修第四册.pptx
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1、Discoving Useful Structures Unit 1 Science Fiction Somebody cleans this room everyday.This room is cleaned everyday.Somebody cleaned this room yesterday.This room was cleaned yesterday.CompareCompare在英语中,语态分为两种:在英语中,语态分为两种:主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。主动语态和被动语态都是指。主动语态和被动语态都是指动词的形式而言。动词的形式而言。在在主动语态主动语态中强调的是执行
2、动作的人或中强调的是执行动作的人或物,即物,即主语是动作的执行者主语是动作的执行者;而在;而在被动被动语态语态中强调的是接受动作的人或物,即中强调的是接受动作的人或物,即主语是动作的承受者主语是动作的承受者。Scan the reading text and underline all the verbs in the passive voice.It was going to be tested out by Lorrys wife,Claire.,but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to
3、be harmed.Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human,and it was disturbing.Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot,.As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops,.The saleswoman there was rude to her,so she rang Tony and told him she
4、was being treated badly.How awful to be discovered by her,Claire thought.Tony expected that the house,which was being completely transformed,would be ready.Then discuss with a partner why the passive voice is used.The passive voice is used to focus on the person or object that experiences an action
5、rather than the person or object that performs the action.It is used when we dont know the performer,or the performer is unimportant(and therefore omitted),or the performer is to be highlighted(and therefore placed toward the end).复习被动语态Review the Passive Voice指出句中的主谓宾语。指出句中的主谓宾语。We kept food in the
6、 fridge.We must close the windows and the door.S V.O.SV.O.Food was kept(by us)in the fridge.The windows and the door must be closed.使用被动语态的情况:使用被动语态的情况:Sugar cane is grown in the south.The song The East is Red was written by a poor peasant.1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。2.强调动作的承受者。强调动作的承受者。The pl
7、an was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.Margaret was given some bad advice about selecting courses.3.动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。4.出于礼貌,不愿意说出动作执行者。出于礼貌,不愿意说出动作执行者。各个时态各个时态的被动语态的被动语态构成构成:am/is/are+V-edam/is/are+being+V-edwas/were+V-edwas/were+being+V-edhave/has+been
8、+V-edhad+been+V-edshall/will+be+V-edbe going to+be+V-edmust be+V-edshould have+been+V-edCorrect mistakes:This room is belonged to me.This music is sounded sweet.belongs tosounds1.只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。不及物动词,不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态。如:happen,go on,take place,belong to,sound,feel等。Your article reads well.Thi
9、s type of car sells well in China.The coat dries easily.2.有些动词常跟相关副词连用,以主动形式表被动含义,如:open,write,read,sell,wash,measure 等。3.在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。It is said that It is reported that It is hoped that It is well known that It is believed that It must be pointed out that 4.情态动词的被动语态可以用来表示能力、可能性、责任等。Firefighters
10、 could be trained using virtual reality technology.The position of the viewer can be calculated at any time.5.注意区别被动语态与系表结构:被动语态表示动作,句子主语是该动作的承受者,V-ed表示动作;而系表结构表示状态,说明主语的特点或所处的状态。The long novel was written by Mr.Lu Xun in the 1920s.The long novel is well written,isnt it?The glass was broken by his l
11、ittle son yesterday.Look,the glass is broken!Who broke it?被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态系表结构系表结构系表结构系表结构Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.Then try to translate these sentences into Chinese.Practice1.What is done cannot _.(undo)2.Janet _ chairwoman of the student union last mon
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