Unit 1 Grammar 不定式用法(ppt课件)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第三册.pptx

1、非谓语动词之非谓语动词之 动词不定式动词不定式to doto do的用法的用法谓语动词谓语动词 （作谓语）（作谓语）非谓语动词非谓语动词（作主宾表（作主宾表定状补）定状补）举办2022年冬季奥运会是我们国家巨大的荣幸。To host the 2022 Winter Olympics is a great honor for our country.非谓语动词之非谓语动词之to do的句法功能的句法功能习近平主席决定宣布冬奥会开幕。President Xi decided to declare the 2022 Winter Olympics open.Everyone seemed to be

2、 satisfied with the opening ceremony of 2022 Winter Olympics.每个人似乎都对这次的开幕式很满意。The Beijing Winter Olmpics will open on February 4,2022,which will feature 7 sports,15 disciplines and 109 events.In the following 16 days,there will be 109 events to be enjoyed.在接下来的16天里，我们将看到109个精彩的项目。To win the competit

3、ion,the competitors have to practice hard day and night.为了赢得比赛，运动员们不得不没日没夜地练习。课前自主扫描主动语态 被动语态意义一般式完成式进行式完成进行式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing 表示动作与谓语动作表示动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后动作之后 表示动作发生在谓表示动作发生在谓语动作之前语动作之前 表示谓语动作发生时表示谓语动作发生时,不定式动作正在进行不定式动作正在进行

4、 表示动作发生在谓语动表示动作发生在谓语动作之前且一直持续到谓作之前且一直持续到谓语动作发生时语动作发生时,仍在进行仍在进行1.用来解释说明主语的内容。用来解释说明主语的内容。做主语的名词常见的有做主语的名词常见的有aim、suggestion、duty、hope、idea、intention、plan、purpose、the way等等。eg：The duty of the police is to keep us safe.警察的职责是保护我们的安全警察的职责是保护我们的安全。2.what 引导的名词性从句引导的名词性从句。eg：What I would suggest is to ask

5、 your father for his opinion.我的建议是征求你父亲的意见我的建议是征求你父亲的意见。3.用于用于被动语态被动语态，相当于，相当于can/could、should、ought to、must。eg：The rules are to be obeyed.规则必须遵守规则必须遵守。eg：You are to be rewarded.你应受奖励你应受奖励。4.表示表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、意愿、禁止告、愿望、意愿、禁止”等等。eg：They are to marry next week.他们将在下周结婚他们将在下周结婚。eg：You

6、 are to finish your homework on time.你必须按时完成作业你必须按时完成作业。5.不定式不定式(短语短语)作表语时，可用主动形作表语时，可用主动形式表示被动意义式表示被动意义。eg：Who is to blame for the fire?谁该对此次火灾负责？谁该对此次火灾负责？eg：The house is to let.该房屋出租该房屋出租。6.“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”作表语作表语eg：My question is where to find the answer.我的问题是在哪里可以找到答案我的问题是在哪里可以找到答案eg：The question

7、 is how to get there.问题是如何到达那问题是如何到达那。我们生活中最大的挑战是如何在没我们生活中最大的挑战是如何在没有朋友的情况下生存有朋友的情况下生存The biggest challenge in our life is how to survive without friends1.all作主句主语作主句主语,其后的定语从句中含有其后的定语从句中含有实义动词实义动词do的某种形式时的某种形式时。eg：All you need to do is finish the homework.你现在要做的就是完成这个作业你现在要做的就是完成这个作业。2.what引导的从句作主语

8、，从句中含有引导的从句作主语，从句中含有实义动词实义动词do的某种形式时的某种形式时。eg：What I want to do is take a holiday right away.我想马上就去度假我想马上就去度假。1、What the boys parents told them just now was _(not play)in the street.It was too dangerous.not to play 2、What we need to do at this critical moment is _(stay)at home and not meet people fa

9、ce-to-face.(to)stay 3、What he wanted to do before going to school was _(finish)his homework.(to)finish3.主语被主语被the only、the first、last或形容或形容词最高级修饰词最高级修饰,主语后有定语主语后有定语(从句从句),且且定语定语(从句从句)中含有中含有do的某种形式时的某种形式时。eg：The first thing to do now is study.现在要做的第一件事就是学习现在要做的第一件事就是学习。The first thing that we should

10、do now is study.晚上他唯一做的就是看报纸。晚上他唯一做的就是看报纸。In the evening the only thing he did was read the newspaper.1.主表一致主表一致。eg：To see is to believe.眼见为实眼见为实。Seeing is believing.2.不定式不定式表达一次性的；特定的；将来表达一次性的；特定的；将来的动作，强调动作。的动作，强调动作。V-ing指指经常性的动作；说明动作的经常性的动作；说明动作的名称。名称。(1)My job is _(look)after the old in the nursing home.(2)My job now is _(take)care of my injured brother at home.lookingto take