Unit1 Reading and thinking (ppt课件)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTSLearning Objectivesu Find out the stages of scientific research in this passage.u Learn about John Snows research process u Express your idea on the given topic through creative thinkingPre-readingWhat qualities do you need to be a scientist?hard workpersistencepassionco

2、uragedevotioncreativitypatienceAlbert EinsteinTo raise new questions,new possibilities,to regard old problems from a new angle,requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science.-Albert Einstein&Leopold Infeld 提出新的问题，发现新的可能，从新的角度审视已存在的问题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。Leopold Infeld利奥波德英费尔德 It

3、 used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world.It causes severe diarrhoea,dehydration,and even death.Millions of people in Europe died from it in the early 19th century.He is a British doctor who defeats the cholera He attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.Who?What?JOHN SNOW DEFEA

4、TS“KING CHOLERA”Read the title and predict.约翰斯诺 n.腹泻n.脱水=seriousrun nucleic acid tests get vaccinatedWe are taking measures to fight against coronavirus!Are you familiar with these situations?Covid-19:Battling the devill It was discovered in the human body in 2019.The virus is generally characterise

5、d by fever,dry cough and gradually dyspnea(逐渐出现呼吸困难逐渐出现呼吸困难).l The virus was confirmed to be with the phenomenon of human transmission and have latent infection.l The disease had no specific treatment at that time,so it broke out in 2020 and swept the globe.COVID-19Besides coronavirus,what other kin

6、ds of epidemics（流行病）have you heard of?bird-flu（禽流感）malaria（疟疾）plague（鼠疫）Ebola(埃博拉)What are the symptoms(症状)of Cholera？It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment.dehydration(缺水)severe vomiting(呕吐)diarrhea(腹泻)Many years ago,the cholera in the world killed

7、millions of people.People were very afraid of it,but they didnt know what to do.Luckily,a young doctor decided to find out how to prevent and treat the disease.Finally,the doctor won the battle.What will be talked about from the title?John Snow Defeats“King Cholera”Who?How?What?Draw a conclusion Col

8、lect data Ask a question Find a problem Analyse the results Find supporting evidence Think of a method While readingWho was John Snow?How did John Snow defeat King Cholera?What is King Cholera?Activity 1:Read the title and predict.What does“King”imply in the title?Cholera is powerful and hard to cur

9、e.a British doctor.one of the most feared diseases and millions of people died from it in the early 19th century.He conducted research and found out how cholera spread.Activity 2:Read the passage again and find the main information in each paragraph on how John Snow defeated King cholera.P1:Cholera

10、hit Europe in the early 19th century and John Snow showed how it could be overcome.P2:John Snow found a problem.P3:John Snow conducted research to stop the disease.adj.manyP4:John found the truth about cholera.P5:John contributed a lot to how to prevent cholera and how to study diseases.n.流行病学v.chan

11、geSummaryPara.1:Cholera hit Europe in the early 19th century and John Snow showed how it could be overcome.Para.2:John Snow found a problem.Para 3:John Snow conducted research to stop the disease.Para.4:John found the truth about cholera.Para.5:John contributed a lot to how to prevent cholera and ho

12、w to study diseases.Summary of how John Snow defeated King cholera.Read the whole text quickly and match the main ideas.the second Its one of _ in the world,because it causes _._(when),an outbreak of cholera hit _ milions of people _.He rose to become _,and even _ Queen Victoria when she gave birth.

13、John Snow became _ because no one knew _.However,he had a desire to _ once and for all.the most feared diseasessevere diarrhoea and dehydrationIn the early 19th centuryEuropedied from the diseasefrustratedhow to prevent or treat choleraa famous doctorattended to destroy cholera Para.1Research backgr

14、oundTheory one:caused by _Theory two:caused by _coughsneezerunny noselungdiarrhoeadehydrationbad air germs Para.2Find a problemPara.2Ask a questionWhat did John Snow investigate when another outbreak hit London in 1854?He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe t

15、hat more than 500 people died in ten days.He was determined to find out why.A map of Broad Street-”Cholera Map”A map of Broad Street-”Cholera Map”What method did Snow use?A map of Broad Street-”Cholera Map”u Which houses had more than 4 deaths in Broad Street?u Which houses had no death in Broad Str

16、eet?Multiple deaths happened here.No death happened here.He suspected that the water from the pump was to blame.Think of a method&Collect data&Anayse the resultsPara.3Find supporting evidence&Draw a conclusionPlacePersonEventIn another part of London A woman and her daughterDied of cholera because o

17、f drinking the water delivered from the pump Remove the handle of the pumpThe disease was stopped.Para.3_ analyse the results _ ask a question_ draw a conclusion _ collect data _ find a problem _ find supporting evidence_ think of a methodDiscuss the following stages of scientific research in groups

18、.What order would you put them in?5274163n.阶段 Display the answersA:It was believed that cholera was caused by bad _ or germs in _.B:Snow_the places where the people who _ had lived C:Many deaths occurred near the _ in Broad Street.Some people _ drunk the water from the pump,and lived.A woman and her

19、 daughter died in another part of London after _.D:The pump water carried _.conclusionevidenceE:The _ of the pump was removed.processsolutionhandletheoriesairfood or watermarked on thediedwater pumphadntdrinking watercholera germsRead from Para.2-3 again and complete the chart below.conclusion evide

20、nce process solution theoriesmapfrom the pumpWater companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste,causing people who drank this water to get malaria.l Water companies began to sell clean water.l The threat of cholera around the world decreased.l He helped people know how t

21、o prevent cholera.l Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.2.What contributions did John Snow make?1.What caused the outbreak of cholera in London in 1854?Para.4-5TruthWas cholera defeated completely?Para.4-5Was cholera defeated completely?To prevent cholera from spreading,wed better dri

22、nk pure or boiled water and eat clean food.Para.4-5Post-readingFill in the blanks according to the text.In the early 19th century,an outbreak of cholera hit Europe,_(cause)millions of deaths.Seeing this,John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how _(prevent)or treat cholera.At that time,docto

23、rs had two theories to explain how cholera spread.One was that bad air caused the disease and another was that cholera was caused by germs in food or water.John discovered that in two particular street _ cholera outbreak was _ severe that over 500 people died in ten days.Through his serious _(invest

24、igate),he found it was the pump water in Broad Street _ resulted in the disease.Therefore,he had the handle of the pump _(remove).causingto preventthesoinvestigationthatremovedIt turned out that the water from the pump _(infect)by waste.Through Snows tireless efforts,water companies began to sell cl

25、ean water,and the threat of cholera around the world saw _ substantial decrease.Snow transformed the way _ scientists study diseases.For this reason,he is considered the father of modern epidemiology.Fill in the blanks according to the text.had been infectedthat/in whichauAs a doctor,he helped us to

26、 _.uAs a scientist,he found out _.Evaluation of John Snowwhat caused choleraprevent choleraWhat qualities do you think John Snow has?What was the most important tool Snow used to defeat cholera?What common medical tools,e.g.a microscope,didnt he use?Why?Para.5 ,in his use of maps and statistics,Snow

27、 transformed the way scientists study diseases.For this reason,n.统计数字统计数字=numbers=dataWhat was the most important tool Snow used to defeat cholera?What common medical tools,e.g.a microscope,didnt he use?Why?He used maps and statistics to analyse where the deaths occurred.He didnt use a microscope.He

28、 didnt test the water,nor did he draw blood or examine patients.采血采血 The reason was that medical science was not so advanced at that time.Through Snows tireless efforts,water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.Moreover,in his use

29、 of maps and statistics,Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.For this reason,How has John Snows work affected our daily lives?How has John Snows work affected our daily lives?Snows work has provided readily available clean water to drink,for example,as well as an emphasis on hygiene su

30、ch as the need to wash hands after they become dirty.He also showed how to prevent cholera epidemics,and transformed the way scientists study diseases,which has allowed for more protection from once common diseases such as cholera.Write out the questions according to the answers.1.Q:What _?A:Snow th

31、ought that cholera was caused by germs in food or water.2.Q:Why _?A:Snow had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.3.Q:How _?A:The cholera threat was defeated thanks to the work of John Snow.caused cholera according to Snowdid Snow have the handle of the pump removedwas the cho

32、lera threat defeated He used maps and statistics to analyse where the deaths occurred.He didnt use a microscope.He didnt test the water,nor did he draw blood or examine patients.The reason was that medical science was not so advanced at that time.What was the most important tool Snow used to defeat

33、cholera?What common medical tools,e.g.,a microscope,didnt he use?Why?lSnows work has provided readily available clean water to drink and an emphasis on hygiene，such as the need to wash hands.lHe also showed how to prevent cholera epidemics,and transformed the way scientists study diseases,which has

34、allowed for more protection from once common diseases such as cholera.How has John Snows work affected our daily lives?Para.5:Through Snows tireless efforts,water companies began to sell clean water,and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.Moreover,in his use of maps and

35、 statistics,Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.For this reason Discover artemisnin to treat malaria,awarded the Nobel PrizeFather of hybrid ricekeep people away from hungerDespite the danger of infection,devote to the research of COVID-19The Father of Modern EpidemiologyWhat qualitie

36、s and scientific spirits do they have in common?DiscussionLanguage Points单单词词课课堂堂重重难难点点词词精精讲讲handle英语释义英语释义辨析义辨析义blame搭配义搭配义一词多义一词多义suspectlink一词多义一词多义一词多义一词多义severesubscribe一词多义一词多义搭配义搭配义decrease搭配义搭配义前缀前缀 multi-&否定前缀否定前缀solid一词多义一词多义 严重的严重的 extremely bad or serious：severe damage/a severe drought 严

37、厉的；苛刻的严厉的；苛刻的：be severe with oneself 严峻的；激烈的严峻的；激烈的：a severe winter severe competition词汇拓展词汇拓展 severely adv 严重地；严厉地严重地；严厉地：a severely polluted lakeAnyone breaking the law will be severely punished.问题、损害、疾病等问题、损害、疾病等“严重的严重的”人对待事情的态度人对待事情的态度“严重的严重的”环境或形势等环境或形势等“严重的严重的”严重的严重的严厉的；苛刻的严厉的；苛刻的严峻的；激烈的严峻的；激烈

38、的严重的严重的severe基本义基本义Im afraid I cant _（同意）the theory.agree with/subscribe tosubscribe to 是正式用语词源解读：sub-(underneath 在下面)+scrib(to write 写)+-e 在合同下面签字 subscribe vi 订阅（报纸、杂志等）：subscribe to Time 定期交纳（会费）；定期捐款：subscribe to a charity 认购（股份）subscribe to正式用语同意；赞成：All scientists subscribe to the view that the

39、 increase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels.时代周刊(Time)又称时代，创刊于1923年，是近一个世纪以来最先出现的新闻周刊之一，特为新的日益增长的国际读者群开设一个了解全球新闻的窗口。时代有美国主版、国际版，以及欧洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲版，是美国三大时事性周刊之一，内容广泛，对国际问题发表主张和对国际重大事件进行跟踪报道。suspectThe laws I love,the lawyers I suspect.Charles Churchill 西方人向来不乏对律师的揶揄之词。这句话译作“我

40、热爱法律，但我怀怀疑疑律师。”说到怀疑，我们很容易想到doubt，这里为什么用suspect呢？doubt和suspect有什么区别呢?suspect v 不用于进行时不用于进行时 vt&vi 猜想猜想；怀疑；怀疑 to believe that sth may happen or be true：The doctors suspected cancer.She strongly suspected he was lying to her.Shes not going to be very happy about this,I suspect.vt 怀疑（某人有罪）怀疑（某人有罪）to thi

41、nk that sb is probably guilty of a crime：suspect sb of(doing)sth:They suspect him of a theft.The policeman suspected him of killing the girl.认为某事（尤为坏事）可能真实或可能发生，但尚无确切依据。词源解读：词源解读：sus-(under 在下面在下面)+spect(look,see 看看)从下往上打量着看从下往上打量着看 怀疑怀疑n C 嫌疑犯；可疑分子：嫌疑犯；可疑分子：question a suspect adj 不可信的；可疑的：不可信的；可疑的：

42、a suspect package suspect：to believe that sth bad may happen or may be true认为某事会发生，尚缺少依据。The policeman suspected her of stealing the wallet.辨析辨析 suspect，doubtdoubt：to think that sth may not be true or that it is unlikely不确定某事或者认为某事不可能。I doubt if it will rain tomorrow.A JokeTeacher:Betty,you made so

43、many mistakes in your exercises,surely your mother will blame you!Betty:Blame me for them?Oh,no.On the contrary,she is to blame,because it was she that did my homework instead.vt 责备；把责备；把归咎于归咎于 to say or think that sb/sth is responsible for sth bad:Youve failed to do what you were expected to and Im

44、 afraid the teacher will blame you.blame sb/sth for(doing)sth:While we cant change the body type we are born with,we cant blame our genes for making us fat.Once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation,you are a loser.广东blame blame sth on sb/sth:Police are blaming

45、 the accident on dangerous driving.【常见搭配常见搭配】be to blame(for sth)（对某事对某事）负有责任负有责任：Its all my fault.Im to blame.Who is to blame for the fire?n U（对错误对错误 /坏事应负的坏事应负的）责任；责备责任；责备 responsibility for a mistake or sth bad：take/bear the blame Where does the blame for our failure lie?Lots of people find it ha

46、rd to get up in the morning,and put the blame on the alarm clock.2019全国同义异构：同义异构：be responsible forhandle由“hand+le”构成，词源义与hand息息相关，其衍生义也与hand有关联。动词handle的词源义是“(用手)触；碰；拿”，可根据英语释义中的with hands来理解该释义。handle n C 柄；把手：柄；把手：Tea in China was traditionally drunk from cups without handles.2全国turn a door handl

47、ehandle v vt（用手）（用手）触；碰；拿触；碰；拿 to touch or hold sth with your hand(s)：Wash your hands before you handle food.Fragile.Handle with care!handle 的词源义，根据 with your hand(s)来理解 vt&vi 操纵；驾驭操纵；驾驭 to control a vehicle,an animal,etc.：Driving a car is not just handling controls and judgingspeed and distance.福建P

48、riced at over$120,000,the car handles perfectly well and has great speed acceleration.重庆改 vt 处理；应付处理；应付 to deal with a situation,a person,etc.：We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely.江苏书面表达表示“处理；解决”的表达有哪些？重重点点句句型型1one of the most feared diseases2become frustrated3attend to sb4lose desire

49、 to do sth5once and for all6in general7two contradictory theories最可怕的疾病之一最可怕的疾病之一变得沮丧变得沮丧照顾某人照顾某人失去做失去做某某事的欲望事的欲望一劳永逸一劳永逸一般说来一般说来两种截然不同的看法两种截然不同的看法Important phrases(P2)8an infection from germs in food or water9subscribe to the second theory10 in two particular streets11 be determined to find out why

50、12 begin by marking the exact places13 multiple deaths near the water pump食物或水中细菌的感染食物或水中细菌的感染赞同第二种赞同第二种看法看法在两条特别的街道上在两条特别的街道上下下决心找出原因决心找出原因从标记确切的位置开始从标记确切的位置开始水泵附近多人死亡水泵附近多人死亡Important phrases(P2)14suspect that the water pump is to blame15whats more/moreover16have it delivered to her house17as a re