Unit 4 Reading and thinking Language points (ppt课件)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、1.During the first day,as is typical of Vancouver,it rained.在第一天，温哥华一如既往细雨蒙蒙。在第一天，温哥华一如既往细雨蒙蒙。typical adj.having the usual features or qualities of a particular group or thing 典型典型的，有代表性的的，有代表性的 be typical of 有有的特点的特点 typically adv.典型地；通常典型地；通常eg Its a typical Italian caf.It was typical of her to fo

2、rget.Typically,a doctor will see about thirty patients a day.as引导引导的非限制性定语从句的非限制性定语从句【语境应用语境应用】单项选择单项选择Jack is late again.It is _ of him to keep others waiting.A.normal B.ordinary C.common D.typical D2.Despite the weather,they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay,and later visit an island

3、that had wonderful shops selling crafts and antiques.【句意句意】尽管天气不佳，她们仍然泛舟驶入海湾，接着游览了一尽管天气不佳，她们仍然泛舟驶入海湾，接着游览了一座座岛岛屿。岛屿。岛上上有精致的店铺，出售手工艺品和古董。有精致的店铺，出售手工艺品和古董。that引导的定语从句引导的定语从句v.-ing短语作定语短语作定语despite prep.used to say that something happens or is true even though something else might have prevented it 尽管尽

4、管=in spite ofdespite+n./pron./v.-ing，不接从句，不接从句(what从句除外从句除外)；但可；但可以用以用despite/in spite of the fact that 引导从句引导从句eg Despite repeated assurances that the product is safe,many people have stopped buying it.尽管已尽管已反复反复保证保证了该产品的安全性，很多人还是不再购买。了该产品的安全性，很多人还是不再购买。【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句子。1)In spite of/Despite _ _

5、_ she was very angry,she didnt lose her temper.她尽管很生气，但是没有发脾气。她尽管很生气，但是没有发脾气。2)_ _ _ the cold weather,everybody is here.尽管天气很冷，但是大家还是都来了。尽管天气很冷，但是大家还是都来了。3)_ _ _ _(尽管他们有许多尽管他们有许多不同之处不同之处),all human beings share several defining characteristics.(2019江苏卷改编江苏卷改编)the fact thatIn spite ofDespite their ma

6、ny differences3.Later,they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short distance away.后来，她们在距离不远的一片森林中徒步旅行，十分惬意。后来，她们在距离不远的一片森林中徒步旅行，十分惬意。pleasant adj.1)enjoyable or attractive and making you feel happy 令令人人愉快的愉快的；舒适的；舒适的(主语多为事物、场景等主语多为事物、场景等)eg The restaurant was large and pleasant.Peter is pleasa

7、nt to everyone.This flower gives out a pleasant fragrance.2)friendly,polite,and easy to talk to 礼貌礼貌而友而友善的，和蔼可亲的善的，和蔼可亲的pleased(adj.)由外部因素引发的人的高兴、愉快的情感。由外部因素引发的人的高兴、愉快的情感。be pleased at/with/about sth.或或+to do sth.pleasant(adj.)指因其使人愉快的外表或热情的气质而具有指因其使人愉快的外表或热情的气质而具有自然自然的吸引力的吸引力，也指，也指人或人的行为人或人的行为举止等友好

8、的、招举止等友好的、招人喜欢的人喜欢的pleasing(adj.)(消息、景色、表演、声音等消息、景色、表演、声音等)令人高兴的，满意令人高兴的，满意的，可指的，可指刻意做刻意做些事情吸引人些事情吸引人pleasure(n.)高兴，荣幸；愉快的活动（经历），乐事高兴，荣幸；愉快的活动（经历），乐事【语境应用语境应用】选用选用pleased,pleasing,pleasant,please,pleasure的的正确形式填空。正确形式填空。1)Your parents were very _ with your exam results.2)The government should help p

9、eople to live in _ surroundings.3)You may stay as long as you _.4)Are you in Beijing on business or for _?5)Amys progress this year has been very _.pleasedpleasant please pleasurepleasing4.The next morning,the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise,passing through the Canadian Rockie

10、s.arise vi.1)to stand up,to get out of bed 起身；起床起身；起床2)to happen (问题问题或或困境困境)出现出现，发生，发生3)if something arises from or out of a situation,event etc.,it is caused or started by that situation etc.由由引起引起arise from/out of=result from 由由引起，产生引起，产生现在分词短语作伴随状语现在分词短语作伴随状语第二天早上，两个女孩早早地起床，乘上开往路易斯湖的第二天早上，两个女孩早早

11、地起床，乘上开往路易斯湖的火车，穿越加拿大的落基山脉。火车，穿越加拿大的落基山脉。eg The audience arose from their chairs and remained standing.We arose early on that morning.More problems like these are certain to arise.Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting?Should the need arise for extra staff,we will contact y

12、ou.when/if the need arises/should the need arise如果有必要如果有必要arouse ones interest/sympathy 唤起唤起某人的兴趣、同情心某人的兴趣、同情心rise,raise,arise,arouse单词单词词性词性/词义词义过去式过去式过去分词过去分词现在分词现在分词arisevi.起身；出现；起身；出现；由由引起引起arosearisenarisingrisevi.渐渐上升渐渐上升;起立，起立，起身起身roserisenrisingraisevt.举起，使升高；举起，使升高；导致；养育，喂养导致；养育，喂养raisedrai

13、sedraisingarouse vt.唤起，引起唤起，引起 arousedarousedarousing【语境应用语境应用】用用arise,arouse,rise,raise的适当形式的适当形式填空。填空。1)The campaign has certainly succeeded in _ public awareness of the problem.2)Her parents died when she was a baby and she was _ by her grandparents.3)That morning I _ early and went out to the ro

14、ad waiting for Mr.Brown to pick me up.4)Many diseases _ from what people really dont know about in their daily life.5)Her behavior _ the suspicions of the police.raising raised arose/rosearise arouses5.Seen from the train window,the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.从火车车窗看去，加拿大的山脉和森林看起来

15、很壮观。从火车车窗看去，加拿大的山脉和森林看起来很壮观。massive adj.very large,solid,and heavy 大大而重的，厚重的而重的，厚重的 unusually large,powerful,or damaging 巨大的巨大的；强大强大的，强烈的的，强烈的;极具破坏力极具破坏力的的a massive amount of 大量的大量的过去分词短语作状语过去分词短语作状语eg The bell is massive,weighing over 40 tons.那口钟非常大，有那口钟非常大，有 40 多吨重多吨重。【链接链接】mass n.大量，大宗；团、堆大量，大宗；团

16、、堆masses of 许多的，大量的许多的，大量的 the masses 平民，群众平民，群众the mass of people/the population人民人民/人口人口/中中的的大多数大多数adj.民众民众的，群众的的，群众的;大量大量的的mass marketing 大规模营销活动大规模营销活动v.(使使)聚集，聚集，(使使)集结，集结，(使使)集中集中-ive(suffix)与与动词结合构成名词和形容词，动词结合构成名词和形容词，有有倾向倾向的或的或有有性质的性质的【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)他们有一座很大的房子。他们有一座很大的房子。Theyve got a

17、massive house.2)突然，大量的岩石从山上掉落。突然，大量的岩石从山上掉落。Suddenly a mass of rocks fell down the mountain.3)我有很多工作要做。我有很多工作要做。Ive got a mass of work to do.4)六周后他因严重的心脏病发作去世。六周后他因严重的心脏病发作去世。He died six weeks later of a massive heart attack.The next morning,the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise

18、,passing through the Canadian Rockies.Seen from the train window,the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.Read the two sentences.Pay attention to the relationships between participial phrases and the subjects of the sentences.And then conclude their differences.现在分词短语表示的动作和句子主语是主动关系现在分词短语表

19、示的动作和句子主语是主动关系过去分词短语表示的动作和句子主语是被动关系过去分词短语表示的动作和句子主语是被动关系6.When the train arrived at the station,they took a taxi to Lake Louise,where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.where引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句when引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句【句意句意】当火车到达车站时，她们乘出租车去路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的当火车到达车站时，

20、她们乘出租车去路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水美丽异常，真是令她们惊叹。湖水美丽异常，真是令她们惊叹。breath n.the air that goes into/out of your lungs 呼吸呼吸的空气的空气take sbs breath away 令人令人惊叹惊叹breathe vt.&vi.to take air into your lungs and send it out again 呼吸呼吸breathtaking adj.very impressive,exciting,or surprising 激动激动人心人心的的;惊人的惊人的;令人惊叹的令人惊叹的eg Let your

21、 breath out slowly.Its good for people to breathe fresh air.Please breathe in and then breathe out slowly.The view from my bedroom window was absolutely breathtaking.【拓展】【拓展】breath短语短语 hold ones breath 屏息屏息;屏气屏气 take a deep breath 深呼吸深呼吸 lose ones breath 喘不过气来喘不过气来 out of breath 气喘吁吁气喘吁吁 catch ones

22、breath 恢复正常呼吸恢复正常呼吸【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)When we climbed to the top of the building,we _(上气不接下气上气不接下气)2)If you run very fast,you must _(喘不过气喘不过气来来)3)生活在这里的人们每天呼吸着脏空气。生活在这里的人们每天呼吸着脏空气。People living here breathe dirty air every day.4)山顶上的风景美得令人惊叹。山顶上的风景美得令人惊叹。The view from the top will take your breat

23、h away./The view from the top is breathtaking.were out of breathlose your breath7.They spent the night,and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper.她们度过了一夜，然后乘坐长途汽车，向北穿过加拿大落她们度过了一夜，然后乘坐长途汽车，向北穿过加拿大落基山脉，直达贾斯珀。基山脉，直达贾斯珀。bound adj.travelling towards a particular;be very like

24、ly to do准备准备前往前往(某地某地)；一定会；一定会be bound for 准备前往准备前往/开往开往 be bound to do sth.一定会做某事一定会做某事 v.to jump or to run with jumping movements 跳动跳动；弹回；弹回 n.跳；跳跃跳；跳跃eg The ship is bound for South America.Thomas is bound to refuse our help.The new discovery is bound to be of great service to mankind.The little g

25、irl bounded to her feet and waved her right hand happily.The ball bounded from the wall.With one bound the deer disappeared in the thick woods.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Dont lie to her.She _ _ _(一定会一定会)find out about it.2)I _ _ _(准备前往准备前往)Shanghai;that is my destination.3)_ _ _(只跳了一回只跳了一回),the boy jumpe

26、d the fence.4)He _ _ _ _(蹦蹦跳跳的走进房蹦蹦跳跳的走进房间间)and announced that he got the first place.is bound toam bound forIn one bound bounded into the room 8.Looking at the beautiful scenery,they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.eg The best part of the trip was the fantastic

27、scenery.scenery n.the natural features of a particular part of a country that you can see,such as mountains,forests etc.风景，景色风景，景色现在分词短语作状语现在分词短语作状语省略引导词的定语从句省略引导词的定语从句that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句【句意句意】看着美丽的风景，两人一致认为，这是她们曾经看着美丽的风景，两人一致认为，这是她们曾经历过得最棒的一次旅行。历过得最棒的一次旅行。scene,scenery,sight,view scene事发地点，戏剧等的一事发地点

28、，戏剧等的一场，场面场，场面battle scenes the opening scenescenery不可数名词，指某一地不可数名词，指某一地区的总的整体自然风景区的总的整体自然风景They stopped at the top of the hill to admire the scenery.sight视力；风景名胜，常用视力；风景名胜，常用复数形式，多指人文景复数形式，多指人文景观观The Great Wall is one of the sights of the world.view指从某个角度，尤指从指从某个角度，尤指从高处或远处看到的景色高处或远处看到的景色The view f

29、rom the top of the mountain is breathtaking.【语境应用【语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)get/have a good _ of the city 2)in/out of _ 视力范围内视力范围内/看不见的范围看不见的范围 3)see the _ 参观名胜参观名胜 4)on the _ 在现场在现场 5)There is a happy _ with children playing in the park.6)Switzerland is famous for its watch-making and beautiful _.viewsights

30、ightsscenesceneryscene9.In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests,one highlight of their trip was being able to see many different creatures,除了欣赏壮丽的山峰和森林，她们此行的一个亮点是能够看除了欣赏壮丽的山峰和森林，她们此行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物。到许多不同的生物。in addition:used to add another piece of information to what you have

31、just said 除此之外除此之外 eg This garden has the best collection of native plants.In addition,it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.in addition to+名词名词/代词代词/动词动词-ing形式形式eg In addition to English,he has to study a second foreign language.【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)除此之外，他还得付十美元。除此之外，他还得付十美元。2)除了薪水之

32、外，他还有五千美元的收入。除了薪水之外，他还有五千美元的收入。He had to pay 10 dollars in addition.He receives 5,000 dollars in addition to his salary.10.Edmonton is freezing cold in winter,with daily temperatures averaging-10.埃德蒙顿的冬季十分寒冷，每天温度平均为零下埃德蒙顿的冬季十分寒冷，每天温度平均为零下10摄氏度。摄氏度。with+名词名词+非谓语动词构成的的复合结构非谓语动词构成的的复合结构freezing adj.ext

33、remely cold 极极冷的；冰冻的冷的；冰冻的 freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的极冷的；冻僵的n.the temperature at which water freezes 冰点冰点【拓展拓展】冷：冷：cool 凉爽；凉爽；cold寒冷；寒冷；freezing cold极冷极冷暖：暖：warm 温暖；温暖；hot炎热；炎热；boiling hot 酷热酷热freeze vi.&vt.(froze,frozen)to become hard and solid because the temperature is very cold 结冰结冰；(使使)冻冻住住to stop m

34、oving suddenly and stay completely still突然停止突然停止 eg The cold weather had frozen the ground.I froze with terror as the door slowly opened.You can use fresh or frozen fish to make the dish.【链接链接】frozen adj.冷冻的，冷藏的；冷冻的，冷藏的；(人或身体部位人或身体部位)冻僵的；冻僵的；(土地、土地、湖面等湖面等)冻硬的，结冰的冻硬的，结冰的frozen food 冷冻食品冷冻食品【语境应用语境应用】

35、完成句子。完成句子。1)Its _ here.Cant we shut a few windows?2)It was well below _ when we left.3)Water _ when the temperature falls to zero.4)The ground here is _ for most of the year.freezingfreezingfreezesfrozen11.However,they did not anticipate seeing such an open country,and were truly amazed.然而，她们还是没有想到能

36、看到如此辽阔的国度，她们真的然而，她们还是没有想到能看到如此辽阔的国度，她们真的 很惊叹。很惊叹。anticipate vt.to expect that something will happen and be ready for it 预料预料；预见；预见to think about something that is going to happen,especially something pleasant 期待期待(尤指好的事情尤指好的事情)anticipate doing sth.预期做某预期做某事事It is anticipated that 据预料据预料eg We anticip

37、ate that our expenses will be 15%greater.【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)我们不希望出现任何问题。我们不希望出现任何问题。2)我没有料到要自己做饭！我没有料到要自己做饭！3)她她预料到你会来访，连备用客房都装修好了。预料到你会来访，连备用客房都装修好了。【拓展拓展】anticipation n.预料，预期；期盼预料，预期；期盼 in anticipation of sthWe dont anticipate any trouble.I didnt anticipate having to do the cooking myself!Shes

38、decorated the spare room in anticipation of your visit.12.They went through two wheat-growing provinces,where they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large area.她们穿越两个种植小麦的省份，在那里她们看到一片片农场她们穿越两个种植小麦的省份，在那里她们看到一片片农场覆盖了非常大片的地区。覆盖了非常大片的地区。go through:from one side of an area to the other 穿过；穿过；eg T

39、hey have to go through a hole to reach there.where引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句that引导的定语从句引导的定语从句【拓展拓展】go through:经历经历，经受；检查；完成；用完，经受；检查；完成；用完【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)After months of efforts the work finally went through.2)I always start the day by going through my mail.3)He has gone through a lot since his f

40、ather died.4)Weve gone through all those envelopes I bought last week.我总是每天一早就查阅我的邮件。我总是每天一早就查阅我的邮件。经过数月的努力，这项工作终于完成了。经过数月的努力，这项工作终于完成了。父亲过世后他受了很多苦。父亲过世后他受了很多苦。我们用完了我上周买的所有信封。我们用完了我上周买的所有信封。【拓展拓展】go短语短语go around 四处走动，流传四处走动，流传go by 过去，经过过去，经过go for 出去，去找，喜欢出去，去找，喜欢go in for 从事，喜欢从事，喜欢go out 出去，熄灭，过时

41、出去，熄灭，过时go over 研究，复习研究，复习go up 上升，上涨；建造；攀爬上升，上涨；建造；攀爬13.It was not until 9:30 a.m.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario,Toronto.It was not until that 直到直到才才 本本句用了句用了notuntil的强调句：的强调句：It is/was not until that+其它。其它。eg It was not until the game began that he arrived at the stadium.【句意句意】上午

42、九点半上午九点半，她们终于抵达安大略的省会多伦多她们终于抵达安大略的省会多伦多。notuntil的三种句型：正常语序、倒装、强调句型。的三种句型：正常语序、倒装、强调句型。正常语序：正常语序：They didnt finally reach the capital of Ontario,Toronto until 9:30 a.m.倒装语序：倒装语序：Not until 9:30 a.m.did they finally reach the capital of Ontario,Toronto.【注意注意】not until位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装。位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装。【语境应用

43、语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Not until recently _ _ _ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区发展和旅游有关的活动。直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区发展和旅游有关的活动。2)It wasnt until then _ people realized the actor had consumed quantities of wine.直到那是人们才意识到那个演员喝了许多酒。直到那是人们才意识到那个演员喝了许多酒。did they encouragethat