Unit 4 Discover useful structures (ppt课件)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、 To analyse the difference in uses and meanings of past participles and ing forms To practise using the past participles and the ing forms to create adverbial clauses1.The girls were _ to see such an open country.The farms covered a very large area,which was _.amazedamazingFill in each blank with th

2、e correct form of a verb from the box.Find the difference between each pair of sentences,paying attention to the-ed and ing forms.Then translate the sentences into Chinese.see frighten head amaze感到感到令人令人姑娘们看到如此广袤的国家甚为惊讶。姑娘们看到如此广袤的国家甚为惊讶。这些农场面积之大令人惊讶。这些农场面积之大令人惊讶。2.Going into the wilderness alone can

3、 be _.Do you feel _ when going into the wilderness alone?frighteningfrightened3._ from the top of the mountain,the scenery was really fascinating._ the scenery from the top of the mountain,I was fascinated by the autumn colours.SeenSeeing感到感到令人令人分词表示的动作和句子主语是被动关系分词表示的动作和句子主语是被动关系主动关系主动关系4._ eastward

4、s,you will pass the Canadian Rockies.Finally,the company-_ by its new manager-started to make a profit.Headingheaded被动被动主动主动独自一人进入荒野令人恐惧。独自一人进入荒野令人恐惧。你一个人进入荒野感到恐惧吗？你一个人进入荒野感到恐惧吗？从山顶往下望，景色令人着迷。从山顶往下望，景色令人着迷。我在山顶看风景，被秋天绚烂的色彩深深吸引。我在山顶看风景，被秋天绚烂的色彩深深吸引。往东，你会经过加拿大落基山脉。往东，你会经过加拿大落基山脉。最终，在新经理的带领下，公司开始盈利。最终，

5、在新经理的带领下，公司开始盈利。1.作表语作表语:过去过去分词分词与其逻辑主语之间一般是被动关系，表示与其逻辑主语之间一般是被动关系，表示人或物人或物的心情或状态等的心情或状态等,也可以也可以理解为心情或状态受到外界影响理解为心情或状态受到外界影响,有有“感到感到”之意之意;动词动词-ing形式形式则表示主动关系，多指人则表示主动关系，多指人或物的自身特征或物的自身特征,有有“令人令人”之意。之意。e.g.We were amazed to find that no one was hurt.By the way,the machine is amazing.Do you feel frigh

6、tened when walking home alone in the dark?Walking home alone in the dark can be frightening.When youre bored at work,its time to take a vacation.Its boring to sit on the plane with nothing to read.很多很多与感觉有关与感觉有关的动词的动词,其其v.-ing形式表示形式表示主动意义主动意义,即即“令令人人的的”,多用来修饰物多用来修饰物;其其v.-ed形式表示形式表示被动意义被动意义,即即“感感到到的的

7、”,多多用来修饰人、人的声音或表情等。用来修饰人、人的声音或表情等。这类词常见这类词常见的有的有：interesting 有趣的有趣的interested 感兴趣的感兴趣的 delighting 令人高兴的令人高兴的delighted 感到高兴的感到高兴的 disappointing 令人失望的令人失望的disappointed 感到失望的感到失望的 encouraging 令人鼓舞的令人鼓舞的encouraged 感到鼓舞的感到鼓舞的 pleasing 令人愉快的令人愉快的pleased 感到愉快的感到愉快的 puzzling 令人费解的令人费解的puzzled 感到费解的感到费解的 sat

8、isfying 令人满意的令人满意的satisfied 感到满意的感到满意的 surprising 令人惊异的令人惊异的surprised 感到惊异的感到惊异的 worrying 令人担心的令人担心的worried 感到担心的感到担心的 过去过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词可放在连系动词过去分词可放在连系动词be,get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等等之后，构成之后，构成“be+过去分词过去分词”结构：结构：表示表示状态状态时时，是是系系表表结构结构，此时此时的过去分词通常已形容词化的过去分词通常已形容词化;表示表示动作动作时时,

9、是是被动被动语态语态,且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介词者由介词by引出。引出。e.g.The book is well written.这本书写得很好。这本书写得很好。(系表结构系表结构,强调主语强调主语所处的状态所处的状态)The book was written by Mo Yan.这本书是莫言写的。这本书是莫言写的。(被动语态被动语态,强调主语强调主语所承受的动作所承受的动作)e.g.Seen from the hill,the city looks magnificent.Seeing the police,he made a run for the

10、 exit.Influenced by his example,they performed countless good deeds.He sat at the table,reading a magazine.2.作作状语状语:过去分词过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,往往往往表示完成表示完成;动词动词-ing形式形式与其辑主语之间是主动与其辑主语之间是主动关系，可表示动作正在关系，可表示动作正在进行。二者作状语时可表示时间、原因或伴随状态等。进行。二者作状语时可表示时间、原因或伴随状态等。本单元我们着重复习过去本单元我们着重复习过去分词作分词作状语状语过去分词

11、过去分词(短语短语)在句中作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让在句中作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。步、方式或伴随等。1.表示表示时间，时间，相当于相当于一一个时间个时间状语从句。状语从句。e.g.Asked(=When he was asked)what had happened,he lowered his head.2.表示表示原因，原因，相当于相当于一个一个原因原因状语从句。状语从句。e.g.Scared(=Because/As she was scared)of the tiger,the girl didnt dare to sleep alone.4.表示表示让

12、步，让步，相当于相当于一个一个让步让步状语从句。状语从句。e.g.Left(Although he was left)at home,John didnt feel scared at all.5.表示方式或表示方式或伴随，伴随，可以转换可以转换成一个并列句。成一个并列句。e.g.The teacher entered the classroom,(and he was)followed by a group of students.3.表示表示条件，条件，相当于相当于一个一个条件条件状语从句。状语从句。e.g.Given(=If we were given)more time,we coul

13、d do it substantially better.【注意注意】1.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语,它的逻辑它的逻辑主语和句子主语和句子的主语相一致。的主语相一致。e.g.If caught,the police will punish the thief.误误 If caught,the thief will be punished by the police.正正 小偷小偷如果被抓如果被抓,会受到警方的惩罚。会受到警方的惩罚。2.过去分词作状语时过去分词作状语时,其前面可以带有相应其前面可以带有相应的连词的连词,如如when,though,although,as if,if,unles

14、s,until,once等等,表时间、让步、表时间、让步、条件方式条件方式等。等。e.g.If(I am)invited,I will attend the wedding of my friend.如果如果受到邀请受到邀请,我会参加我朋友的婚礼。我会参加我朋友的婚礼。1.One of the windows is _(broke).2._(look)out of the window,we saw a cat walking along the wall.3.He looked _(puzzle)so I repeated the question.4.She was _(surprise)

15、to find the fridge empty;the children had eaten everything!5._(build)thirty years ago,the house looks very beautiful.brokenLookingpuzzledsurprisedBuilt用所给词的正确形式填空。用所给词的正确形式填空。6._(born)in a poor family,he had to work when he was young.7.He walked slowly in the forest,_(follow)by a dog.8.The national

16、park has a large collection of wildlife,_(range)from butterflies to elephants.9._(see)from the hill,you will find the city looks like a big garden.10._(see)from the hill,the city looks like a big garden.BornfollowedrangingSeeingSeenComplete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the bo

17、x.Then translate the sentences into Chinese,paying attention to the different meanings of the-ed and ing forms.bore excite tire satisfy1.We became _ when thinking about those beautiful locations in Finland.We expected to experience a lot of _ things there.excitedexciting想到芬兰那些美丽的地方我们激动起来。我们期待在那里想到芬兰

18、那些美丽的地方我们激动起来。我们期待在那里体验很多令人激动的事情。体验很多令人激动的事情。2.We went to bed as soon as we arrived at the hotel because we were so _.The eight-hour train ride was quite _.3.I was not _ with the hotel.It was not as clean as I had expected.But we had a _ meal at the hotels restaurant,so I felt a bit better later on.

19、4.It was raining hard the next day,so we just stayed in the hotel and watched TV.Sadly,the TV programes that day were really _.As we had nothing else to do,we felt pretty _.tiredtiringbore excite tire satisfysatisfiedsatisfyingboringbored由于疲乏，我们一到宾馆就上床休息了。长达八小时的火车由于疲乏，我们一到宾馆就上床休息了。长达八小时的火车行程令人疲惫不堪。行

20、程令人疲惫不堪。我对这家宾馆不满意，它的卫生状况没有达到我的预期。不我对这家宾馆不满意，它的卫生状况没有达到我的预期。不过我们在宾馆餐厅吃的那顿饭令人满意，因此后来我感觉好过我们在宾馆餐厅吃的那顿饭令人满意，因此后来我感觉好一些了。一些了。第二天下起了大雨，因此我们只是待在宾馆看电视。不幸的第二天下起了大雨，因此我们只是待在宾馆看电视。不幸的是，当天的电视节目索然无趣。我们无所事事，感觉百无聊是，当天的电视节目索然无趣。我们无所事事，感觉百无聊赖。赖。Read the above sentences again and complete the table.单词单词意义意义功能功能1 exci

21、ted exciting2 tired tiring感到激动的感到激动的作表语作表语令人激动的令人激动的作定语作定语感到累的感到累的作表语作表语令人疲惫的令人疲惫的作表语作表语单词单词意义意义功能功能3 satisfied satisfying4 bored boring感到满意感到满意的的作表语作表语令人满意的令人满意的作定语作定语感到厌烦的感到厌烦的作表语作表语令人厌烦的令人厌烦的作表语作表语Rewrite the sentences.Add information as necessary.When people asked the man what the trip meant to

22、him,he said it was“an experience of a lifetime”.When asked what the trip meant to him,the man said it was“an experience of a lifetime.”1.Butchart Gardens was transformed from a quarry.It was now become a famous destination for travellers.Transformed from a quarry,Butchart Gardens has now become a fa

23、mous destination for travellers.2.If you compare Quebec City with other cities in Canada,it seems more like a charming European village.Compared with other cities in Canada,Quebec City seems more like a charming European village.3.They did not know where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang,so they

24、 went to the Tourist Information Centre.Not knowing where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang,they went to the Tourist Information Centre.4.When they heard that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canadas most scenic drive,they made West Vancouver their first destination.Hearing that the Sea-to-Sky Highway

25、 was Canadas most scenic drive,they made West Vancouver their first destination.There has been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years,_(cause)largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations.From 2000 to 2019,there were 7

26、,348 major natural disasters around the world,_(result)in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.(2021北京卷短文填空北京卷短文填空)caused resulting2.All the football players on the playground cheered loudly,_(say)that I had a talent for football.(2019全国卷全国卷I)3.Earth Day,_(mark)on 22 April,is an annual event _(aim)to

27、raise public awareness about environmental protection.(2019北京北京)sayingmarkedaimingv.-ed和和v.-ing形式作表语时：形式作表语时：v.-ed与其逻辑主语之间是与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系被动关系。v.-ing与其逻辑主语之间是与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系主动关系。v.-ed和和v.-ing形式作状语时：形式作状语时：如果句子的主语和分词是如果句子的主语和分词是被动被动关系关系，用，用v.-ed形式形式，可表，可表示动作已经示动作已经完成完成。如果句子的主语和分词是如果句子的主语和分词是主动主动关系关系，用，用v.-ing形式形式，可，可表示动作正在表示动作正在发生发生。阅读教材第阅读教材第106页的条目页的条目III和条目和条目IV，归纳过去分词和动，归纳过去分词和动词词-ing形式在句子中的句法功能，完成下表，并举例说明。形式在句子中的句法功能，完成下表，并举例说明。主语主语宾语宾语表语表语 定语定语状语状语补语补语动词动词-ing形式形式过去分词过去分词