山东科技大学2019年硕士研究生自命题试题707基础英语.pdf
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1、山东科技大学山东科技大学 20192019 年全国硕士研究生招生考试年全国硕士研究生招生考试基础英语试卷基础英语试卷PART I GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY(20 points)Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are fourwords or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.1.My aunt trie
2、d her best to _ the situation,but the damage was already done.A)adjustB)regulateC)rectifyD)amend2.An actor cannot well play the role without life experience _ a dancer can make a differencewithout much practice.A)no less thanB)no more thanC)any more thanD)much more than3.Our neighbors are so reserve
3、d and unfriendly that they never speak to us.The underlined part means_.A)aloofB)relievedC)airyD)resistant4.A recent survey shows that most adolescents eat _ as they actually need every day.A)protein as three times muchB)three times protein as muchC)three times as much proteinD)protein as much three
4、 times5.The reception was attended by _ members of the city council.A)excellentB)conspicuousC)noticeableD)prominent6.Id _his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community,and thenmake a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A)take into accountB)account forC)make up for
5、D)make out7.The university has launched a research center to develop new ways of _ bacteria whichhave become resistant to drug treatments.A)regulatingB)haltingC)interruptingD)combating8.Encouraged by their culture to voice their opinions freely,the Canadians are not afraid to go againstthe group _ a
6、nd will argue their viewpoints enthusiastically,though rarely aggressively.A)consentB)conscienceC)consensusD)consciousness9.The young couple were quite excited by the _of having their first child.A)perspectiveB)prospectC)futureD)foresight10.There used to be a bus station near your parents house,_?A)
7、didnt itB)doesnt thereC)usednt thereD)didnt there11.Those businessmen want the government to abolish the tax on alcohol.The underlined part means_.A)cancelB)eraseC)repealD)resent12.Its easy for us to blame those blind investors for their letting greed get the better of them.Theunderlined part means
8、_.A)controlB)defeatC)influenceD)weaken13.The teachers union _ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing“deplorable”school conditions.A)filedB)firedC)finedD)filled14.A 15-year-old girl has been arrested _ accusations of using Instagram to anonymouslythreaten her high school.A)overB)withC)o
9、nD)for15.That outburst at the meeting was _ of his bad temper.A)illustrativeB)explanatoryC)expositoryD)revealing16.There is no tangible evidence of dishonesty among the directors of the company.The underlinedpart means _.A)tenuousB)authenticC)condescendingD)substantial17.The Civil War provided an im
10、petus to Michigans growth.The underlined part means _.A)an incentive toB)an obstacle toC)a reason forD)a delay in18.The research requires more money than _.A)have been put inB)has been put inC)being put inD)to be put in19.Very few people could understand the lecture the professor delivered because i
11、ts subject was very_.A)intriguingB)indefiniteC)obscureD)dubious20.High grades are supposed to _ academic ability,but his actual performance did notconfirm this.A)certifyB)clarifyC)classifyD)notifyPART II READING COMPREHENSION(40 points)Directions:There are four passages in this section.Each passage
12、is followed by some questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You shoulddecide on the best choice and write the answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.For most thinkers since the Greek philosophers,it was
13、 self-evident that there is something calledhuman nature,something that constitutes the essence of man.There were various views about whatconstitutes it,but there was agreement that such an essence exists,that is to say,there is something byvirtue of which man is man.Thus man was defined as a ration
14、al being,as a social animal,an animalthat can make tools,or a symbol-making animal.More recently,this traditional view has begun to be questioned.One reason for this change wasthe increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man.An examination of the history ofhumanity suggested that man
15、in our epoch is so different from man in previous times that it seemedunrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called“humannature”.The historical approach was reinforced,particularly in the United States,by studies in thefield of cultural anthropology.The
16、study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity ofcustoms,values,feelings,and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man isborn as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text.Another factor contributing to thetendency to deny the assumption of a fi
17、xed human nature was that the concept has so often beenabused as shield behind which the most inhuman acts are committed.In the name of human nature,forexample,Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery.Or in order toprove the rationality and necessity of the capitalis
18、t form of society,scholars have tried to make a casefor acquisitiveness,competitiveness,and selfishness as innate human traits.Popularly,one referscynically to“human nature”in accepting the inevitability of such undesirable human behavior as greed,murder,cheating and lying.Another reason for skeptic
19、ism about the concept of human nature probably lies in the influence ofevolutionary thinking.Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution,the idea ofa substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable.Yet I believe it is precisely from anevolutionary standpoint that
20、we can expect new insight into the problem of the nature of man.21.The traditional view of“human nature”was strongly challenged by _.A)the emergence of the evolutionary theoryB)the historical approach to manC)new insight into human behaviorD)the philosophical analysis of slavery22.According to the p
21、assage,anthropologists believe that human beings _.A)have some traits in commonB)are born with diverse culturesC)are born without a fixed natureD)change their characters as they grow up23.The author mentioned Aristotle,a great ancient thinker,in order to _.A)emphasize that he contributed a lot to de
22、fining the concept of“human nature”B)show that the concept of“human nature”was used to justify social evilsC)prove that he had a profound influence on the concept of“human nature”D)support the idea that some human traits are acquired24.The word“untenable”(Line 3)in the last paragraph of the passage
23、most probably means_.A)invaluableB)imaginableC)changeableD)indefensible25.Most philosophers believed that human nature _.A)is the quality distinguishing man from other animalsB)consist of competitiveness ad selfishnessC)is something partly innate and partly acquiredD)consists of rationality and unde
24、sirable behaviorQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management,the more theyseem to want to talk about things formerly judged to be best left unsaid.The newcomers also tend tosee office matters with a fresh eye,in the p
25、rocess sometimes coming up with critical analyses of theforces that shape everyones experience in the organization.Consider the novel views of Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subject of getting ahead.Colemanis black.He spent 11 years with IBM,half of them working in management development,and nowse
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