三峡大学考研专业课试题791综合英语2015.doc

1、第1页 共 12 页三 峡 大 学2015年研究生入学考试试题（B 卷）考试科目代码： 791 科目名称：综合英语 考试时间：3小时 试卷面总分：150分 （答案必须写在答题纸上）. Choose the right one from A. B. C. D for each blank:(20分)请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号!1. Despite the fact that the two council members belonged to different political parties, they_ the issue of how to finance the town

2、 debt.(A) complicated (B) avoided (C) attested to (D) agreed on2. The notion that cultural and biological influences_ determine cross-cultural diversity is discredited by the fact that, in countless aspects of human existence, it is cultural programming that overwhelmingly accounts for cross-populat

3、ion variance.(A) jointly (B) completely (C) directly (D) equally 3. Scholars sense of the uniqueness of the central concept of the state at the time when political science became an academic field quite naturally led to striving for a correspondingly_ mode of study.(A) thorough (B) distinctive (C) d

4、ependable (D) scientific4. While the delegate clearly sought to_ the optimism that has emerged recently, she stopped short of suggesting that the conference was near collapse and might produce nothing of significance.(A) substantiate (B) dampen (C) encourage (D) elucidate5. As long as nations cannot

5、 themselves accumulate enough physical power to dominate all others, they must depend on_.(A) allies (B) resources (C) freedom (D) education 6. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably _a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.(A) no more (B) not

6、more (C) even more (D) much more7. The painting he bought at the street market the other day was a_ forgery.(A) man-made (B) natural (C) crude (D) real8. A common argument claims that in folk art, the artists subordination of technical第2页共12 页mastery to intense feeling _the direct communication of e

7、motion to the viewer. (A) facilitates (B) neutralizes (C) implies (D) represses 9. Personal computers are no longer something beyond the ordinary people; they are_ available these days. (A) promptly (B) instantly (C) readily (D) quickly10. According to the new tax law, any money earned over that lev

8、el is taxed at the _of 59 percent.(A) ratio (B) percentage (C) proportion (D) rate11. We stood still, gazing out over the limitless _of the dessert.(A) space (B) expanse (C) stretch (D) land12. A recent survey shows that, while ninety-four percent of companies conducting management-training programs

9、 open them to women, women are _ only seventy-four percent of those programs.(A) protesting against (B) participating in (C) displeased by (D) allowed in13. Dependence on foreign sources of heavy metals, though_, remains a problem for United States foreign policy.(A) deepening (B) diminishing. (C) e

10、xcessive (D) debilitating14. The newborn human infant is not a passive figure, nor an active one, but what might be called an actively _ one, eagerly attentive as it is to sights and sounds.(A) adaptive (B) selective (C) inquisitive (D) receptive15. There is perhaps some truth in that waggish old de

11、finition of a scholar-a siren that calls attention to a fog without doing anything to_ it.(A) describe (B) cause (C) analyze (D) dispel16. Heavily perfumed white flowers, such as gardenias, were favorites with collectors in the eighteenth century, when_ was valued much more highly than it is today.(

12、A) scent (B) beauty (C) elegance (D) color17. In a most impressive demonstration, Pavarotti sailed through Verdis Celeste Aida, normally a tenors_, with the casual enthusiasm of a folk singer performing one of his favorite ballads. (A) pitfall (B) glory (C) nightmare (D) delight18. Many of the earli

13、est colonial houses that are still standing have been so modified and enlarged that the_ design is no longer discernible.(A) pertinent (B) initial (C) embellished (D) appropriate 19. A leading chemist believes that many scientists have difficulty with stereochemistry because much of the relevant nom

14、enclature is_, in that it 第3页共 12 页combines concepts that should be kept_.(A) obscure interrelated (B) specialized intact (C) imprecise discrete (D) descriptive. .separate20. In 1890 there were many American cities and towns where part of a days school instruction was conducted in languages_ English

15、.A. more than B. except C. other than D. except for . Choose the right word from the list given below for each blank:( 10分) 请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号! relationships introduced economically differ supervenient physically global include mental have handle propertiesSupervenience has traditionally been used t

16、o describe（1）_ between sets of properties in a manner which does not imply a strong reductive relationship. For example, many hold that economic properties supervene on physical properties, in that if two worlds were exactly the same physically, they would also be the same （2）_. There are also sever

17、al kinds of global supervenience relations, which were（3）_ to handle cases in which worlds are the same at the base level and also at the（4）_ level, but where the ways the properties are connected and distributed in the worlds(5)_. For example, it is consistent with(6)_ mentalphysical supervenience

18、on the simple formulation described above for two worlds to（7）_the same number of people in the same physical states, but for the （8）mental states to be distributed over those people in different ways. To（9）_ this, property-preserving isomorphisms are used, and once this is done, several varieties o

19、f global supervenience can be defined. Other varieties of supervenience （10）_ multiple-domains supervenience and similarity-based supervenience. Read the following texts carefully and then make a correct choice to answer the questions after each text:(40分)请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号!TEXT AChildren in the UK

20、are not reading enough at home, favoring television and computer games instead, according to new research.The survey conducted earlier this month by Nestl Box Tops for Books, which asked parents about their childrens reading habits, found that half of UK children spend less than two hours reading pe

21、r week. A further one in 10 had not read a book in the past month, and of those who do read regularly, one in four avoid non-fiction 第4页共12 页titles. More than half of the parents surveyed believed their children should read more non-fiction books.It is essential that young children read at least one

22、 book a week and, in particular, educational books, said family counselor Jenni Trent Hughes. But others believe such a stern approach to reading may not help children, We can turn children off it by simply saying its something they must be doing, said Amelia Foster, who runs Reading Connects for th

23、e National Literacy Trust, an organization that encourages reading for pleasure to enhance classroom achievement. Ms Foster said the survey results might not give children enough credit. Previous studies have found that 75% of 11 to 18-year-olds enjoyed reading, and 83% read in their spare time. Pas

24、t reading surveys have found distinct differences in the reading habits of boys and girls. Girls tend to be more enthusiastic about reading in general, but particularly fiction (perhaps helping to explain why Jacqueline Wilson, author of Sleepovers and Bad Girls, is the most borrowed author from pub

25、lic libraries), while boys are drawn to books about a place, subject, or hobby that interests them. Nicola Davies, author of Poo: A Natural History of the Unmentionable, said while working with underachieving boys she found they responded to non-fiction better than fiction. You can get them to write

26、 poetry but they wont read it, she said. Ms Davies would like to see childrens non-fiction take off in the way adult non-fiction has in recent years, thanks largely to titles like Longitude that employ strong narratives. This may encourage boys to read more, she said. Theres a lot of really crap non

27、-fiction out there. Its absolute paint by numbers, pile them high, and sell them cheap. But its not really addressing the issue. Non-fiction as it is cutting off a whole route into reading, especially for boys, added Ms Davies. But the consequences of these trends may run deeper. Some worry that ste

28、ering clear of non-fiction may effect the development of a childs imagination, even going so far as to impact their future career choices. Nicola Jones credits her choice of studying zoology at university to her childhood Encyclopedia Britannica. There was this fantastic bit in the back on transpare

29、ncies of human bodies, and it absolutely fired my imagination about the workings of the human body. Childrens imagination needs all sorts of fuel. And thats whats going to drive them, give them intrinsic motivation. Its what makes your intellectual cars go. For this reason Ms Jones is planning a con

30、ference next year that will address how non-fiction can be transformed into something more children will want to read.Questions 1-51. Which of the following belongs to non-fiction? 第5页共12 页A. Encyclopedia. B. Novel. C. Poetry. D. Short story.2. Whats the difference between girls and boys in their re

31、ading habits? A. Girls read extensively while boys focus on books of particular topics. B. Girls have better reading habits than boys. C. Girls are reading for enriching knowledge while boys are reading for fun. D. Girls are more interested in fiction than boys.3. What does Ms. Davies mean by saying

32、 Non-fiction as it is cutting off a whole route into reading, especially for boys.?A. Young people, especially, boys cant easily get access to good books of non-fiction. B. A lot of good non-fiction books are coming out into the market. C. Such kinds of non-fiction are eroding into the reading habit

33、s of young people especially boys. D. Non-fiction books have been isolated from our reading experience.4. Whats the aim of Nicola Jones by quoting her personal experience in the last paragraph? A. She emphasized the importance of imagination for children. B. She wants to prove that reading Encyclope

34、dia is important for children. C. She wants to tell people how to stimulate childrens motivation. D. She proves that non-fiction can also fire the imagination of children.5. Which of the following statements is true according to this passage? A. Most of the parents under survey think children should

35、 read more non-fiction than fiction. B. National Literacy Trust encourages children to treat reading as a labor of love. C. The status-quo of books of non-fiction in the market is satisfying. D. Non-fiction contributes more .than fiction to file development of childrens intellect.TEXT BGiving psycho

36、logists the option to become trained prescribers may create a division among psychologists whereby some will be able to prescribe and others will not. As a result, major discord could emerge. It is possible that psychologists with the right to prescribe may consider themselves superior to those with

37、out the right. If gaining prescription privileges would lead to broader third-party payments or full hospital privileges for those qualified to prescribe, psychologists unable to do so may feel that they have been accorded second class status in their profession. The debate, thus far, has focused on

38、 the training necessary to grant psychologists 第6页共 12 页prescription privileges. Although this matter is important, of more basic concern are treatment implications and the future role of psychologists. Prescription privileges could move psychologists closer to a medical model and further away from

39、their historical goal. Psychology began in the late 19th century as an application for psychological techniques. Its focus has been on assessment, behavioral interventions, consultation, and applied research. Before the widespread use of psychotropic medications, psychiatry emphasized the practice o

40、f psychotherapy. Gradually, psychiatry moved toward increased reliance on drugs and away from psychotherapy. It is possible, over time, that psychologists, like psychiatrists, could become more influenced by the use of medication. Despite the argument that prescription privileges significantly may a

41、lter traditional psychotherapeutic implications, some psychologists strongly feel that they would be looked upon more favorably, gain prestige, and increase their caseload ff they could have the same status of prescribing medication as psychiatrists do. Does this mean that a lack of prescription pri

42、vileges promotes the image of psychology as an inferior profession to psychiatry? Contrary to this argument is the fact that psychologists are delivering more outpatient mental health care than any other group of providers. Whatever some psychologists may perceive as a therapeutic drawback because t

43、hey are unable to offer prescriptions for psychotropic medications apparently is not recognized by the general public. Psychologists may have flourished because they have offered a clear and distinct service from psychiatry. The use of medication may send a message to patients that may interfere wit

44、h personal change and growth. Medications can undercut psychotherapy efforts by implying that benefits come from external agents, not from ones own efforts at change and growth. A large portion of the population prefers the non medication orientation of psychology. If psychologists began prescribing

45、 medications, many of their patients seeking alternative treatment might turn to social workers or other non medical therapists. There is little question that psychologists prescription privileges could have profound effects on the future direction of their profession.Questions 6-106. Prescription p

46、rivileges may lead to professional discord mainly because_. A. patients would turn to those qualified to prescribe B. not all psychologists would gain the right to prescribe C. trained prescribers are outstanding in their career D. psychological techniques would become second choice7. In the eyes of general public,_.A. psychology is an inferior profession to psychiatry 第7页共12 页B. inability to offer prescription put psychologists at a therapeutic disadvantage C. medication diminishes the effectiveness of psychotherapy D. prescription privileges could