Unit 1 Reading and thinking Reading for Writing单词用法1(ppt课件)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、单词课堂版本：新人教版本：新人教 单元：必修单元：必修一 Unit 1(Reading and Thinking Reading for Writing)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.challenge基本义：(向)挑战词块：v challenge sb(to sth),challenge a view n face/meet/rise to the challenge,take on/take up the challenge,solve/overcome the challenge派生词：challenging2.title基本义：名称、标题熟词生义：冠军称号名词动词化：加标题于、授予称

2、号3.topic词块：a hot topic,on topic4.freshman词源义：新来的人，后指新生 拓展：sophomore(高二/大二学生),junior,senior 5.confuse词族：confuse,confused(分词形容词),confusing,confusion6.fluent词块：be fluent in,speak fluent English派生词：fluently,fluency7.graduate构词：gradu(grade 步、级)+-ate(名词后缀)同根词：grade 在学业上完成某一步/某一级 毕业词块：graduate from senior

3、high school/university 做事情上完成某一级 逐渐升级为(I quickly graduated from typical childrens books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters.2020 浙江)派生词：graduation8.recommend 英语释义：suggest advise词块：highly recommend,recommend sb/sth to sb;recommend doing sth,recommend(that)sb(should)do sth,recommend sb to

4、do sth；派生词：recommendation9.sign up(for)小品词up(向上)，把名字写上去即报名10.advanced分词形容词构词：advance+-ed词块：advanced technology,an advanced dictionary/course11.advance基本义：前进、向前移动词块：in advance(of)12.literature来自词根liter(letter 文字)13.extra-curricular 合成词：extra+curricular(课程的)curriculum curricular14.extraex-(out)向外，联系初中

5、词 express,expect,explain15.obviously构词：obvious(明显的)+-ly近义词：clearly；句子副词 16.quit过去式、过去分词：quit/quitted,quit/quitted 基本义：离开意为“离开”和“停止”时是非正式用语，分别对应leave和stop词块：quit a job,quit school,quit(doing)sth 17.responsible构词：re-(back)+spons(保证、承诺)+-ible(形容词后缀)对事情给予承诺的 负责的(基本义)词块：be responsible for=take responsibi

6、lity for 18.responsibility 构词：responsible+-ity(名词后缀)词块：its sbs responsibility to do sth,shoulder/take on(a)responsibility19.solution构词：solve solution用法：a solution to sth，to是介词，类似结构：way to,key to等20.schedule在英式英语中，schedule 指工作计划、日程安排，timetable 指时间表、时刻表。在美式英语中，工作计划、日程安排、时间表、时刻表都用schedule；词块：ahead of/o

7、n/behind schedule;名词动词化：as scheduled,schedule sb/sth to do sth21.editoreditor逆生法派生出edit词族：editor,edit,editorial,edition22.plate词源义：金属薄板；最早的盘子是金属或木制的；汽车上的车牌是一块金属薄板23.adventure 抽象名词具体化：指“一次冒险经历”时是可数名词24.youth构词：young youth词块：the youth25.survival构词：survive(生存、幸存)+-al(名词后缀)抽象名词具体化：指“幸存物”时是可数名词26.expert构

8、词：ex-(out 向外)+per(尝试)+-t 尝试、经历过多次的人 专家同根词：experience,experiment27.behavio(u)r构词：behave(表现)+-io(u)r(名词后缀)英式拼写：behaviour；美式拼写：behavior 词块：good/bad behaviour,on ones best behaviour28.generation构词：generate(产生)+-ion(名词后缀)隐喻：人的“代”产品的“代”；4G,5G 词块：the younger/older generation,the earlier/last/past generatio

9、n,the coming/future/later/next generation,from generation to generation,generation gap 29.attract构词：at-(to)+tract(to draw 拉)拉过来 吸引词块：attract to/be attracted to 派生词：attraction(词块a tourist attraction),attractive 30.focus词源：来自拉丁语 fireplace(壁炉)。古罗马时代壁炉边即 focus 被认为是家庭生活的中心，引申为“集中点；中心点”(基本义)。词块：focus on31

10、.addict词族：addict,addicted,addiction,addictive词块：a drug/football/video game addict;be addicted to(doing)sth;drug/Internet/online shopping addiction32.adult近义词：grown-up派生词：adulthood(adult+-hood)，类似的有childhood一词多义一词多义分词形容词分词形容词advance,advancedrecommend focus 重难点词精讲英语释义英语释义搭配义搭配义challenge一词多义一词多义搭配义搭配义一

11、词多义一词多义graduate熟词生义熟词生义quit一词多义一词多义scheduleresponsible&responsibility一词多义一词多义搭配义搭配义attract搭配义搭配义搭配义搭配义身边的身边的challenge在美国，如果开车吃到罚单，但是觉得罚单开的不合理，可以向法庭申诉。“Your Honor,I want to challenge the ticket.阁下，我对这张罚单有异议。”是法庭上类似案件的常用语。网球比赛中，运动员要求鹰眼回放会说“challenge”，主裁要根据运动员挑战的线做出呼报“Ms.Zhou is challenging the call on

12、 the right/left/Base Line,the ball was called IN/OUT”。回放以后，主裁会宣布运动员还有几次挑战机会“Ms.Zhou has two challenges remaining”2014年由美国波士顿学院(BOSTON COLLEGE)前棒球选手发起的ALS冰桶挑战赛(Ice Bucket Challenge)风靡全球。各界知名人士纷纷湿身挑战，旨在唤起公众对于“渐冻症”(肌萎缩侧索硬化症，ALS)的关注。其中，“挑战”是challenge 的常用义。challenge vt 向挑战；邀请比赛：challenge sb(to sth):I cha

13、llenged him to a game of chess.对质疑 to question whether sth is right,legal,etc.：challenge a view 考验的能力 to test sbs ability and skills：The job doesnt really challenge her.向人“挑战”“挑战”观点等“挑战”能力 n C&U 挑战；具有挑战性的事情 enjoy/welcome accept/take on/take up mount throw downovercome/solve 发起挑战 下战书战胜挑战 面临挑战 迎接挑战 fa

14、ce meet/rise to 喜欢挑战 接受挑战challengechallenging adj 有挑战性的：Challenging as the activity was,everyone enjoyed it and all the participants benefited a lot from it.2020 山东写作方向：In the coming three years,our school life will be difficult.challenging的语用输出价值很高词汇拓展(challenging)n C 学位获得者；毕业生：学位获得者；毕业生：a graduate

15、 school/student a graduate in medicine/a medicine graduate Hes a graduate of Harvard.v vi 获得学位；毕业：获得学位；毕业：He graduated in physics from Cambridge University.vt 使使毕业；授予毕业；授予学位：学位：The college graduated 500 students last year.构词：gradu(grade 步、级)+-ate(名词后缀)同根词：grade graduate 在学业上完成某一步/某一级 vi 逐渐升级为：逐渐升级为：

16、I quickly graduated from typical childrens books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters.2020 浙江graduation n U 毕业：毕业：a graduation certificate A year after graduation,I was offered a position teaching a writing class.2011 广东 U&C 毕业典礼：毕业典礼：attend the graduation 词汇拓展 做事情上完成某一级recommend vt初中我们学过

17、表示“建议”“推荐”的词有哪些？advise,suggest,recommend 有什么区别？有什么区别？推荐；介绍推荐；介绍 to say that sb/sth is good and that sb should try or use it(suggest)：I dont know what to read.Can you recommend anything?2010 上海This hotel is highly recommended.recommend sb/sth to sb:I recommend this book to anyone with an interest in

18、art.recommend sb/sth for sth:She was recommended for the post by a colleague.近义词suggest 劝告；建议劝告；建议 to advise sb to do sth or should do sth：recommend(that).(should)do sth:Teachers recommend parents not allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.2010 福建 recommend sb to do sth:

19、The doctor recommended me to take a long rest.recommend doing sth:I recommend meeting him first.近义词advise辨析recommend,advise,suggest suggest指提议，提出供人参考的计划或主意。I suggested going there by taxi.recommend多指正面的建议，告知某人可能会得到的益处。Wed recommend you to book your flight early.advise语气较强烈，通常指权威人士的忠告，警告某人可能产生的危险。Pol

20、ice are advising fans without tickets to stay away.recommendation n U 推荐；介绍：推荐；介绍：a letter of recommendation C 正式建议；推荐信：正式建议；推荐信：follow sbs recommendations【词汇拓展】He who does not advance falls backward.不进则退。不进则退。advance vi(尤指士兵尤指士兵)前进；向前移动：前进；向前移动：The army advanced across the plain.vt&vi(使使)进展；进展；(使使)

21、进步：进步：This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.vt&vi(时间)提前；(价格)上涨；预支(钱)：The date of the meeting was advanced from July 10 to July 1.We are willing to advance the money to you.v advance 基本义：前进、向前移动基本义：前进、向前移动 vt 促进；推动促进；推动(further)：She decided to go back to colleg

22、e to advance her career.2020 山东 vt正式用语提出：正式用语提出：advance an idea/a theory/a planadvance前进基本义位置“前进前进”科技、知识等“前进前进”时间“前进前进”价格“前进前进”支付“前进前进”(尤指士兵尤指士兵)前进；向前移动前进；向前移动(使使)进展；进展；(使使)进步进步(时间时间)提前提前(价格价格)上涨上涨预支预支(钱钱)advance语义网络图事业等“前进前进”理论等“前进前进”提出提出促进；推动促进；推动advance n U 前进前进 C 进步；进展：进步；进展：make great advances

23、in sciencetechnological/scientific/medical advances C 常用单数常用单数 预付款：预付款：pay sb a$500 advance 对应动词释义记忆名词释义对应动词释义记忆名词释义in advance(of)提前提前 (于于)；预先；预先 (于于)：Thank you in advance.2013 全国书面表达When students were told my rule in advance of the class,some of them were not happy.2011 北京重点词块重点词块advanced adj 先进的；高

24、级的：Thanks to the advanced technology,we live in an age of bettered communication.2015 北京(课程)高深的；高级的：Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary 晚期的；后期的sbs advanced age/of advanced years 高龄；年事已高【分词形容词】advance+-ed用所给单词的正确形式填空。用所给单词的正确形式填空。1.发达国家 a _(develop)country2.发展中国家 a _(develop)country3.落叶 _(fall)leaves

25、4.正在落下的树叶 _(fall)leaves5.先进技术 _(advance)technology6.白开水 _(boil)water7.沸水 _(boil)water8.学识渊博的人 a _(learn)man9.受过教育的孩子 an _(educate)childdevelopedadvancedfallenfallingdevelopingboiledboilinglearned 将所填的分词形容词分类：将所填的分词形容词分类：表示动作已完成：表示动作正在进行：developed,fallen,advanced,boiled,learned,educateddeveloping,fal

26、ling,boilingeducated (尤指士兵尤指士兵)前进；向前移动前进；向前移动(使使)进展；进展；(使使)进步进步(时间时间)提前；提前；（价格）上涨；（价格）上涨；预支预支 (钱钱)前进前进 进步；进步；进展进展 C 常用单常用单数数 预预付款付款vnadj预先的预先的advanced adj先进的；先进的；高级的高级的(课程课程)高深的；高深的；高等的高等的advance晚期的；晚期的；后期的后期的quitWinners never quit and quitters never win.成功者永不放弃，放弃者永不胜利。文斯隆巴迪（Vince Lombardi），美国职业橄榄球

27、教练员。他曾带领绿湾包装工队获得了第一届和第二届的“超级碗”冠军，是美国职业橄榄球联赛(NFL)最成功、最受尊重的教练之一。美国职业橄榄球大联盟，NFL 年度总决赛超级碗比赛的冠军奖杯文斯 隆巴迪杯就是以其名字命名的。非正式用语离开（工作、学校等）：非正式用语离开（工作、学校等）：quit a job/quit school非正式用语停止；戒除非正式用语停止；戒除 to stop doing sth bad or annoying：He didnt quit,and he became a great pianist.quit doing sth:My father has quit smok

28、ing at last.关闭关闭/退出（计算机程序等）退出（计算机程序等）quit(quit/quitted,quit/quitted)vt&vi 离开离开基本义“离开离开”工作、学校等“离开离开”坏事或令人厌烦的事离开（工作、学校等）quit语义网络图语义网络图“离开离开”应用程序关闭/退出停止；戒除友谊是一种甜蜜的责任，绝不是一种机会。纪伯伦纪哈纪伯伦（Kahlil Gibran,1883 1931）黎巴嫩作家、诗人、画家，阿拉伯文学的主要奠基人，20世纪阿拉伯新文学道路的开拓者之一，被称为艺术天才、黎巴嫩文坛骄子。其主要作品有泪与笑(A Tear and a Smile)，先知(The

29、Prophet)，沙与沫(Sand and Foam)等，纪伯伦、鲁迅和泰戈尔是近代东方文学走向世界的先驱。构词：re-(back)+spons(保证、承诺)+-ible(形容词后缀)对事情给予承诺的 负责的(基本义)不用于名词前负责的；尽责的 having a duty to be in charge of or to look after sb or sth：be responsible for:Ill have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a l

30、ot more.人教新必修 1（人）有责任心的：（人）有责任心的：Its time you started acting like a responsible adult.不用于名词前应承担责任；作为原由的：be responsible for:Who should be responsible for the accident?2008 福建responsible adj U&C 责任；职责：责任；职责：shoulder/take on(a)responsibilityIt is our responsibility/We have a responsibility to protect t

31、he environment.Jenny,you have responsibility for clearing up the room after the class.U（对不良事件所负的）责任：（对不良事件所负的）责任：Taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity.2010 天津No one is willing to accept responsibility for the accident.responsibility n Class Scheduleschedule许

32、多与书写有关的词往往可以追溯到用以涂写最早文字符号的树皮和树叶，或凿刻最早文字符号的石头，如 paper（纸）原指“纸莎草”。schedule 一词的来源可追溯到拉丁词 scheda，表示“纸莎草的叶子”。从 scheda 衍生出指小词 sceduala“small piece of paper”（小张纸）。15世纪初 scedula 通过法语 cedule 进入英语后，其拼写逐渐演变为 schedule，词义也由小纸条引申词义便笺，便条，日程表等。到了19世纪 schedule 已获得了今天还在使用的一些词义，如“一览表”、“时间表”、“时刻表”、“计划表”等。schedule词源解读 n

33、C&U 日程安排；时刻表日程安排；时刻表 a plan of things that will happen or of work that must be done(timetable)：a class/train scheduleThe majority of holiday flights depart and arrive on schedule.Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.The tunnel project has already fallen behind schedule.sche

34、dule注：在英式英语中，schedule指工作计划、日程安排，timetable指时间表、时刻表。在美式英语中，工作计划、日程安排、时间表、时刻表都用schedule。vt常用于被动语态安排；将常用于被动语态安排；将列入进度表列入进度表 to plan that sth will happen at a particular time：As scheduled,we have English Talent Show today.2014 陕西书面表达 schedule sth(for sth):The summer sale is scheduled for tomorrow.schedul

35、e sb/sth to do sth:The trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City.2017 全国vt 吸引；引起吸引；引起(的兴趣的兴趣)：Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.2018 浙江attract.to/be attracted to:What attracted me most to the job was the chance to travel.It is not unusual for teenag

36、ers to be attracted to online games.人教新必修 1attract词源：词源：at-(to)+tract(to draw 拉拉)拉过来拉过来 吸引吸引查尔斯狄更斯(Charles Dickens，1812年2月7日1870年6月9日)，英国作家。主要作品有大卫科波菲尔(David Copperfield)、匹克威克外传(The Pickwick Papers)、雾都孤儿(Oliver Twist)、老古玩店(The Old Curiosity Shop)、艰难时世(Hard Times)、我们共同的朋友(Our Mutual Friend)、双城记(A Tal

37、e of Two Cities)等。狄更斯特别注意描写生活在英国社会底层的“小人物”的生活遭遇，深刻地反映了当时英国复杂的社会现实，为英国批判现实主义文学的开拓和发展做出了卓越的贡献。他的作品对英国文学发展起到了深远的影响。attraction n U 吸引；吸引力：吸引；吸引力：When we met at the restaurant I felt an immediate attraction for him.C 有吸引力的事物有吸引力的事物/人；景点：人；景点：Hampton Court Palace is open to the public as a major tourist a

38、ttraction.2015 全国改attractive adj 有吸引力的；有魅力的：有吸引力的；有魅力的：This is one of the most attractive places Ive been to.词汇拓展词汇拓展focus词源来自拉丁语fireplace(壁炉)。古罗马时代壁炉边即 focus 被认为是家庭生活的中心，引申为“集中点；中心点”（基本义）。focus n C&U(pl focuses/foci)焦点；焦距：焦点；焦距：The focus on my camera isnt working properly.中心点；关注点：中心点；关注点：The focus

39、of attention has changed.We shall maintain our focus on the needs of the customer.成像的中心点注意力的中心点come into focus 成为焦点成为焦点in focus 焦点对准的；清晰的焦点对准的；清晰的out of focus 焦点未对准的；模糊不清的焦点未对准的；模糊不清的 vt&vi(使使)调节焦距：调节焦距：In this scene,the camera focuses on the actors face.(使使)集中集中 (注意力、精力等注意力、精力等)：The other team was

40、brilliant and we really had to focus.focus(.)on/upon 集中集中()于；聚焦于；聚焦 ()于：于：By focusing on saving oil,water,paper,food,and clothing,we are playing a part in cutting down on waste.2014 福建同义异构：concentrate本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.He graduated in physics from Cambridge University.2.This hotel is highly recommended

41、.3.I recommend this book to anyone with an interest in art.4.The doctor recommended me to take a long rest.5.Thank you in advance.6.Thanks to the advanced technology,we live in an age of bettered communication.7.He didnt quit,and he became a great pianist.8.My father has quit smoking at last.9.Ill h

42、ave to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more.10.It is our responsibility/We have a responsibility to protect the environment.11.As scheduled,we have English Talent Show today.12.It is not unusual for teenagers to be attracted to online games.13

43、.By focusing on saving oil,water,paper,food,and clothing,we are playing a part in cutting down on waste.随堂检测随堂检测一、根据句意选出一、根据句意选出challenge的最佳释义。的最佳释义。对质疑 向挑战；邀请比赛 考验的能力 _ 1.The job is too easy to really challenge her._ 2.Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged.(2011 重庆阅读理解)_ 3.No

44、 one has seriously challenged the champion.二、用所给词的正确形式填空。二、用所给词的正确形式填空。In the coming three years,our school life will be _ (challenge).(2014 江西书面表达)challengingchallengegraduate在空白处填入在空白处填入1 1个个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.I was lucky:I became a pilot in 1970,almost ten years before I graduated

45、_ medical school.(2013 全国)2.After _(graduate),she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.(2020 山东)3.Like many new _(graduate),I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do.(2014 广东)fromgraduationgraduates一、在空白处填入一、在空白处填入1 1个适当的单词或

46、括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.It was really annoying;I couldnt get access to(进入)the data bank you _(recommend).(2016 天津)2.I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,which my classmates recommended _ me.(2014 北京)3.He recommended _(read)the book before seeing the movie.had recomme

47、nded to reading recommend 二、完成句子。二、完成句子。1.The doctor recommended that you _ (不要游泳)after a large meal.(2009 浙江)2.Were I three years younger than I am now,I _(会力荐)that I set more practical and specific goals.(2015 重庆书面表达)三、单句改错。三、单句改错。Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam is at the age of

48、 six months old.(2013 浙江改)_shouldnt swim/not swim would strongly/highly recommend is be 四、翻译句子。四、翻译句子。1.这是个很棒的酒店，我会把它推荐给我的朋友。(such that)(2012 陕西改)_2.我建议你去看看医生。_It is such a great hotel that I would recommend it to my friends.I recommend that you(should)see a/your doctor./I recommend you to visit a/y

49、our doctor.一、翻译下列词块。一、翻译下列词块。1.预先订购 _2.取得很大进展 _3.科学进步 _4.提前(于)；预先(于)_advance booking/book in advancemake great advancesscientific advances/advances in sciencein advance(of)advance二二、完成句子。完成句子。1.We live in an age of _(技术飞快进步).(n)2.The army _(正向城市前进).(v)3._(我们取得了很大的进步)in our knowledge of the universe.

50、(v)三、根据句意写出三、根据句意写出advanced的最佳释义。的最佳释义。1.The course has two levels,the beginners and the advanced.(2015 湖南改)_2.Even in advanced agricultural(农业的)societies,it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.(2013 北京)_rapid technological advanceis/was advancing on/towards the city