Unit 4 Natural disasters 单词讲解(ppt课件) -2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、 Unit4 NATURAL DISASTERS1.disaster n.灾难灾难;灾害灾害;不幸不幸;祸患祸患;彻底失败的人或事彻底失败的人或事;disastrous adj.灾难性的灾难性的 disaster area/disaster-affected area A great disaster is occurring.大祸临头 disaster recovery灾后恢复Although we suffer from many serious natural disasters,we are sure to overcome all difficulties.灾区 单句语法填空单句语法

2、填空The environmental effect of this new factory could be _(disaster).disasterous2.survivor n.幸存者；生还者幸存者；生还者 survive vi.生存；存活生存；存活 vt.幸存，艰难度过；比幸存，艰难度过；比活的时间长活的时间长 survival n.生存，幸存生存，幸存词块积累词块积累 survive from 从从存存活活下下来来 survive on=live on 靠靠存活下来存活下来 A survive B(by时间时间)A比比B活得长活得长()survive the crisis/disas

3、ter/war 单句语法填空单句语法填空These little creatures _(survive)on Earth for more than 140 million years.A number of small companies have to fight for_(survive).Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to search for_(survive)in an earthquake.have survivedsurvivalsurvivors3.rescue n&vt.营救；救援营救；救援

4、When we were trapped in the ruins,the soldiers came to our rescue.当我们被困在废墟中时当我们被困在废墟中时,士兵们赶来救援。士兵们赶来救援。Helicopters rescued nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.直升机从失火大楼的楼顶救出了将近直升机从失火大楼的楼顶救出了将近20人。人。词块积累词块积累 rescuefrom 把把从从中中解救出来解救出来 come/go to ones rescue 来来/去去 援救某人援救某人 make/perfor

5、m/attempt a rescue 进行进行(尝试）营救尝试）营救 rescue team/workers/boats/helicopters 词语辨析词语辨析rescue 指从危险、困难、不愉快的境地中解救出来指从危险、困难、不愉快的境地中解救出来save 也可指从不良的精神状态中拯救出来也可指从不良的精神状态中拯救出来 单句语法填空单句语法填空When we were trapped in the ruins,the soliders came _ our rescue.They are trying to rescue the company _ ruins.tofrom4.damag

6、e vt.损害；损坏 n.损害；损坏；损失 damaged adj.被破坏的 1.Smoking seriously damages your healthy.2.The heavy rain has caused/done serious damage to the roof.熟词生义：damage 用作名词复数时，表示法院判定的损害赔偿金。He paid$500 in damages for the accident.词块积累 do/cause damage to 对造成损害 serious/heavy damage 严重的损害 damage from由引起的损害 damage to 对的

7、破坏比较：Smoking will damage your health.That town was destroyed in the earthquake.The bad weather ruined our trip.部分性损坏或可修复的破坏部分性损坏或可修复的破坏彻底的毁坏或毁灭，往往很难修复彻底的毁坏或毁灭，往往很难修复使美好的事物失去优良的特性，不能恢复使美好的事物失去优良的特性，不能恢复 单句语法填空单句语法填空The old farmer was very upset because the strong winds caused great damage _ his wheat

8、.Without oxygen,the brain _(damage)quickly.tois damaged5.affect vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 affection n.喜爱，钟爱A home environment can affect a childs growth.(疾病)感染,侵袭深深打动影响The disease affects one in five women.People were deeply affected by his speech.词块积累词块积累 be affected by 被被打动打动 have a great affection for 很喜

9、欢很喜欢单句语法填空单句语法填空With the governments aid,those _(affect)by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.She was held in deep _(affect)by all her students.affectedaffection6.shelter n.c 避难处；收容所u居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风、雨或危险)1.They built a rough shelter from old pieces of wood.2.Perhaps I sheltered

10、my daughter too much.词块积累 take shelter from 躲避 shelter sb./sth.from sb./sth.保护免受 shelter from sth.躲避（风、雨或危险）under the shelter of 在在的庇护下的庇护下 with the help of 在在.的帮助下的帮助下 单句语法填空单句语法填空They were standing _ the shelter of a huge tree.We took shelter_ the rain that was pouring down in a bus shop.underfrom

11、7.shock 【U】震惊；休克；【C】令人震惊的事 v.使震惊 1.It came as a shock to hear that factory would have to close.2.She was taken to hospital suffering from shock.（1）shocking adj.令人震惊的；令人憎恶的 shocking news 令人震惊的消息（2）shocked adj.感到震惊的；愤慨的 a shocked look/expression/voice 惊讶的样子/表情/声音令人震惊的事令人震惊的事休克休克词块积累 in shock 震惊，吃惊；处于休

12、克状态 a great shock to sb.对某人来说是一个极大的震撼 （抽象名词具体化）It shocks sb.to do sth.做某事让某人感到震惊 It shocks sb.that 让某人感到震惊 be shocked at/by 对对感到震惊感到震惊/被被震惊到震惊到 单句语法填空单句语法填空It shocked me_(hear)that the hospital was closing down.We were shocked _ the remains of the ancient Rome.I looked at my husband_ shock,waiting f

13、or him to tell me that I misunderstand everything.to hearat/byin8.trap n.险境；陷阱 vt.使落入陷阱；使陷入圈套 trap-trapped-trapped词块积累 be trapped in 困在中=be caught in be trapped by 被困住 trap sb.into doing sth.=trick sb.into doing sth.哄骗某人做某事 fall into the trap of doing sth.掉进做某事的陷阱掉进做某事的陷阱 单句语法填空单句语法填空A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ (trap)in the mountains for two days.By clever questioning they trapped him into _(tell)the truth.had been trappedtellingThank you for listening！