Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures定语从句(ppt课件)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、定语从句定语从句Attributive clause什么是从句？什么是从句？Part 01句子结构分类句子结构分类单身汉好朋友父与子单身汉好朋友简单句并列句主从复合句简单句简单句Wang Shuaiyi talked.Wang Shuaiyi talked and laughed.Wang Shuaiyi,Zhang Tianqi and Xu Guangjie talked,laughed and jumped.单身汉：一主一谓并列句并列句Wang Shuaiyi talked and Zhang Tianqi laughed.Wang Shuaiyi talked and laughed.

2、Wang Shuaiyi talked,Zhang Tianqi laughed and Xu Guangjie jumped.好朋友：1简单句+连词+1或以上简单句连词：and,but,or,so,for主从（复合）句主从（复合）句Chen Runyao will be a top student if he can study English well.Chen Runyao will be a top student who can also study Englishwell.父与子：1简单句+引导词+1或以上简单句引导词：if,what,when,where,who,that,whi

3、ch.如何判断主从句如何判断主从句if,what,when,where,who,that,which.引导词所在的句子就是从句引导词有时候会省略从句的种类从句的种类1.状语从句：adv.时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步2.定语从句：adj.修饰主句中的名词（限与非限）修饰整个主句或主句中的词组（非限）3.名词性从句：n.主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句什么是定语？什么是定语？Part 02什么是定语什么是定语在句中修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的成分叫定语。定语的位置一般有两种：用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语，用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语。什么是定语I am

4、a teacher.I am an English teacher.I am a beautiful English teacher.I teach student.I teach the lovely student.I teach the lovely student in class 11.定语从句定语从句要义要义Part 03限制性定语从句限制性定语从句修饰-主句里的名词/代词本质：adj.要义详析要义详析一、分类:定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。1.1.限制性定语从句它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密

5、切,书写时不可用逗号分开。如果关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语,关系代词通常可以省略。2.2.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句它只是对先行词作附加补充说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚、完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切,书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句不用that引导。I have a boyfriend.My boyfriend is handsome.I have a boyfriend who is handsome.I have a handsome boyfriend and I love him very much.I have a handsome boyfriend

6、who I love very much.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句定语从句的构成定语从句的构成1先行词关系词定语从句+指代先行词连接主句和从句在从句中充当成分先行词先行词 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。That is the teacher who teaches us English.Those who want to go to the park are girls.关系词（引导词）关系词（引导词）引导定语从句的词叫关系词。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.Football is a game which

7、is liked by most boys.I still remember the day when I first came to this school.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.I dont know the reason why he hate their English teacher.I still remember the place where we meet the first time.关系词关系词 2关系词的三个作用关系词的三个作用A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。定语从句引导词定语从

8、句引导词关系代词的用法关系代词的用法Part 03关系代词关系代词指人：who,whom,that,whose指物：which,that,whose既可指人又可指物：that,whose指代人的关系代词-who,whom,that,whosewho,whom,that,whosewho/that 在从句中可作主语，宾语，表语，作宾语时可省略。whom在从句中作宾语，可省略whose 表所属，在从句中作定语指代人的关系代词 who,whom,that,whosewho,whom,that,whoseJay is a top singer sings so well.Jay is a singer

9、 I like very much.Jay is a singer we learn how to sing.Jay is a singer song is very beautiful.who/thatwho/whom/thatfrom whomwhose指代人的关系代词指代人的关系代词用who不用that的情况1.先行词是指代人的不定代词时，如：those,one,anyone,no one,all,nobody,none等。The students you should learn from is the one works hard.who2.在there be 结构中，先行词指人时。

10、There is a beautiful girl likes you very much.who指代物的关系代词-which,that,whosewhich,that,whosewhich,that 可在从句中作主语，宾语，表语whose表所属，在从句中作定语This is the book attracted me.He lives in a room room faces north.that/which whose 指代物的关系代词指代物的关系代词用that不用which的情况1.先行词为不定代词all,none,few,little,much,everything,anything,

11、something,nothing等的时候。Zhao Yiao remembers everything(that)I taught him.2.先行词被序数词或者形容词最高级所修饰时。The first place(that)we visited in Hengshui was Hengshui lake.指代物的关系代词指代物的关系代词用that不用which的情况3.当先行词被no,all,every,the only,the very,the last 等修饰时。It is the very book that I gave you last week.4.当先行词既指人又指物时 Do

12、 you still remember the person and things(that)you met on your childhood.指代物的关系代词指代物的关系代词用that不用which的情况5.当主句的主语时疑问代词which时。Which is the car that you bought last week?6.当先行词是主句的表语时，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。Shang hai is no longer the city that it used to be.不能用thatthat引导的定语从句1.非限制性定语从句中（关系词前有逗号），只能用which 指物，用wh

13、o/whom 指人。He has a walk every night,which does good to him.2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。Here is the girl about whom we often talked.3.先行词本身that时，关系词用which,先行词为those,one,he时多用 who.介词+关系代词This is the boy.I played basketball _ the boy yesterday.This is the boy _ I played football yesterday.w

14、ithwhom/that/-hahahawith We will meet the famous actor.We often talk _ the famous actor.Well meet the famous actor _ we often talk .whom/that/-aboutabout hahahaThe school is very beautiful.We are studying _the school.The school _ were studying is very beautiful.inwhich/that/-inwhich/that/-hahahaha思考

15、介词怎么来？知识储备带出来-play with句子意思推出来-in the schoolSummary：先行词为人：介词+whom先行词为物：介词+whichExercises：1.This is the book _I spent 10 yuan.2.My phone,_ I cant play 王者，is lost.3.The handsome man _ I work is your head teacher.on whichwith whomwithout which注意：含有介词的短语,动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for,look after 等。This

16、 is the watch _ I am looking for.that/which/-和我一起涨芝士：除of之外，所有的介词+名词=状语 For example:at the park;in the cinemain 2021;on Sundayfor some reason;for no reasonIts the chair _ belongs to me.Its the chair _ I like.Its the chair _ I want to sit.that/whichthat/which/-in which/where思考，介词怎么来？-知识储备带出来;句子意思推出来eg

17、.sit in;study in.+先行词为地点那么，脑补出的介词+先行词 =介词+which =whereExercises：1.Ill never forget the museum _I visited last year.2.Ill never forget the museum _ I first met you.that/which/-in which/where Ill never forget the summer holiday _ I spend with you.Ill never forget the summer holiday _ I dont have any h

18、omework.that/which/-during which/whenExercises：1.Ill never forget the day _I spent with you alone.2.Ill never forget the day _ I met you for the first time.that/which/-on which/whenPart III 关系副词关系副词where/when/whyDo you remember the reason _ you told me?Do you remember the reason _our head teacher bl

19、amed us?that/which/-for which/whyfor+reason=for which=why 前提 1 介词是for 2 先行词是reasonExercises：1.Ill never forget the reason _she told me.2.Ill never forget the reason_she left me.that/whichwhy1.先行词为人,关系代词用介词+whom;先行词为物,关系代词用介词+which;2.固定的动词短语,介词不能提前。3.地点状语用where,时间状语用when,原因状语用when.4.关系代词和关系副词有时可转换：wh

20、ere,when,why=介词+which想一想The End!Thank youPart IV 先行词的抽象理解先行词的抽象理解 point(点),situation(情况),stage(阶段),case(案例),position(位置)等，可以根据句意理解为地点。1 Were discussing the case _ beginners of English cant use the language properly.2 I will get the position _ I can control everything.Practice 1.-What do you think of

21、 teaching,Bob?-I find it fun.Its a job _ I find serious but interesting.2 -What do you think of teaching,Bob?-I find it fun.Its a job _ youre doing something serious but interesting.occasion(时刻),point(点)，stage(时期)等，可以根据句意理解为时间。1.Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.

22、2.We had reached the point _ there was no money.Practice 1.Well reach a case _ we had no water to live on.2.The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _ he can work correctly.way代入定语从句需要脑补介词，可以用in which;that;省略。不需要脑补介词，遵循一般规律1.The way _ he answered the questions was surprising.2.This is the way _ I like.Practice 1.Marry loves the way _ is the most effective of all.2.I dont like the way _ you talk to her.The End!Thank you