Welcome UnitDiscovering Useful Structures (ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、WELCOME UNITDiscovering Useful StructuresGrammarS（主语）V（谓语动词）O（宾语）P（表语）A（状语）DO（直接宾语）IO（间接宾语）C（宾语补足语）SV All of us laughed!SVO I miss my grandma.SP The teacher was kind and friendly.SV IO DO He told us a funny story.SVOC I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.SVA He talked too

2、much.SVOA I had my first maths class at senior high school.There be Theres a lot to explore at senior high.Basic knowledgeThree is enough.To see is to believe.（vt.及物动词及物动词/vi.不及物动词）不及物动词）主谓要一致 （不及物动词）（不及物动词）1.Time 2.The moon 3.We all4.They 5.He6.He 7.Theyflies.rose.eat,and drink.talked for half an h

3、our.walked yesterday.is playing.have gone.（实义动词）（实义动词）(宾语宾语)1.Who 2.She 3.He 4.He 5.They 6.Danny 7.I 8.He knows laughed at understands made ate likes want said the answer?her.English.cakes.some apples.donuts.to have a cup of tea.Good morning.表示行为的对象，常由表示行为的对象，常由名词或者名词或者代词代词充当充当。（及（及物）物）DO（多多指人）指人）IO

4、（多指物）多指物）1.She2.She 3.He 4.He 5.I 6.I 7.I 8.He passed cooked brought bought showed gave told showed himherhis wifeyou her him him mea new dress.a delicious meal.a dictionary.nothing.my pictures.a hand.how to run the machine.that the bus was late.表表 语语(P)Whats the difference between predictive and ob

5、ject?状态状态beThe doctor are very patient.持续持续keep,remain,stay,He always kept silent.像像seem,appear,lookHe seems(to be)very sad.感官感官feel,smell,sound,taste This kind of cloth feels very soft.变化变化become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,runShe grew rich within a short time.终止终止prove,turn outHis plan turned out a

6、 success.连系动词连系动词（Link-verb）（是系动词）（是系动词）(表语表语)1.This 2.The dinner3.He 4.Everything5.He 6.The book 7.The weather 8.His face is smells(闻闻)fell looks is is becameturned an English dictionary.good.happy.different.tall and strong.interesting.warmer.red.“”称为复合宾语。称为复合宾语。宾语补足宾语补足语语(object complement)Whats t

7、he difference between direct and indirect object and object complement?（及物）（及物）（宾语）（宾语）（宾补）（宾补）1.We 2.They3.They 4.They5.What 6.We 7.He 8.I keep painted call found makes saw asked saw the table the door supper the house him him me them clean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.to come back soon.getting on th

8、e bus.状状 语语 Adverbial定语（定语（adjective）用来修饰名词或代词，说明名词或代词的品质与特征。由形容词用来修饰名词或代词，说明名词或代词的品质与特征。由形容词、代词代词、数词、名词或名词所有格、介词短语、不定式、动词、数词、名词或名词所有格、介词短语、不定式、动词-ing 形式、过去分词形式、过去分词、从句、从句等或相当于形容词的词或短语充当。等或相当于形容词的词或短语充当。She is an industrial designer.她是一名工业设计师。（形容词）We went to a lecture on Italian art.我们去参加了一个关于意大利艺术的

9、讲座。（介词短语）The female designer who is from the USA made a deep impression on us.这位来自美国的女性设计师给我们留下了深刻的印象。（定语从（定语从句）句）They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.他们正在院子里清扫落叶。（过去分词）（过去分词）ExerciseActivity 1 Read the sentences and analyse the structures.EXAMPLE：We laughed.SV1 The 100-year-old school li

10、es in the centre of the city.2 We must act.3 The maths homework looks easy.4 The teacher found the classroom empty.SVASVSPSVOCExerciseActivity 1 Read the sentences and analyse the structures.EXAMPLE：We laughed.SV5 My mum bought me a new dictionary.6 Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange

11、 student.7 There is an English Corner at our school.8 We had chemistry in the newly built lab.SSVIODOThere be.VOSVOAActivity 2 Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.How would you like to go to school and travel the world at the same time?For Tim，that dream has come

12、true!This term，Tim and his classmates are living on a ship!They take the same subjects as you do，like maths and English.They also learn about ships and the sea.Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship.Tim loves living on the ship.Theres always something exc

13、iting to do.And，after a long day of study，he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out.Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea!ExerciseSVSVASVIODOVIODOThere beSPSVO单元语法单元语法基本的句子基本的句子结构结构1 句子成分句子成分（1）主语（subject）：一般位于句首，是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或 “是谁”。由名词、代

14、词、不定式、动名词、从句等或相当于名词的词或短语充当。Researchers are hoping to find a cure for the disease.研究者们希望能找到治愈这种疾病的方法。I registered the car in my name.我把车登记在我的名下。（代词）To see is to believe.眼见为实。（不定式）Helping others is helping ourselves.帮助别人就是帮助我们自己。（动名词短语）Who is to be in charge of the company has not been decided.谁将掌管这家公

15、司还没有定下来。（主语从句）（2）谓语（verb）：常位于主语之后，说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。由动词或短语动词充当。谓语与主语在人称和数上须保持一致。I find running concentrates the mind.我发现跑步能使我集中心思。附：单元语法精讲精练附：单元语法精讲精练（3）宾语（object）：位于及物动词或介词之后，表示动作的对象、承受者或结果。由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句或相当于名词的词或短语充当。Scientists are carrying out experiments to test the effectiveness of the

16、 new drug.科学家们正在做实验来检验这种新药的疗效。（名词）【学法点拨学法点拨】直接宾语（direct speech）和间接宾语（indirect speech）：直接宾语表示动作的承受 者，一般是物；间接宾语表示动作是对谁或为谁做的，一般是人。Her lecture gave us a surprise.她的演讲让我们惊讶。us是间接宾语；a surprise是直接宾语（4）表语（predicative）：位于连系动词之后，说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”。由名词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、从句等充当。The baby is still asleep.Will yo

17、u please make less noise?宝宝还在睡觉，你小声点好吗？（5）状语（adverbial）：用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、原因、方式、程度等。由副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、从句或相当于 副词的词或短语充当。Everybody is waiting anxiously for the doctor.大家都在焦急地等着医生。（副词）（6）宾语补足语（object complement）：位于宾语后，用来补充宾语的意义。由名词、形容 词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词-ing 形式、过去分词等充当。When we got there，we

18、found the injured unconscious and bleeding.当我们到那里时，我们发现伤者已不省人事而且血流不止。（形容词）Has he found himself a place to live yet?他找到地方住了吗？（名词）（7）定语（attribute）：用来修饰名词或代词，说明名词或代词的品质与特征。由形容词、代词、数词、名词或名词所有格、介词短语、不定式、动词-ing 形式、过去分词、从句等或相当于形容词的词或短语充当。She is an industrial designer.她是一名工业设计师。（形容词）We went to a lecture on

19、Italian art.我们去参加了一个关于意大利艺术的讲座。（介词短语）The female designer who is from the USA made a deep impression on us.这位来自美国的女性设计师给我们留下了深刻的印象。（定语从句）They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.他们正在院子里清扫落叶。（过去分词）观察下列各组句子的画线部分作何成分，并观察下列各组句子的画线部分作何成分，并分别分别说出其类别说出其类别第一组（1）The exchange students are celebrating th

20、e Christmas._（2）We are anxious to improve our spoken English._（3）To know everything is to know nothing._（4）Making a good first impression is very important._（5）Why he did such a thing is not clear._第二组（6）We have revised the text._（7）Please look after the twins._第三组（8）The students are taking notes._（

21、9）How many do you want?I want two._（10）Im looking forward to meeting her._（11）Can you tell me what impressed you most?_主语；名词短语主语；代词主语；不定式短语主语；动名词短语主语；从句谓语；动词谓语；短语动词宾语；名词宾语；数词宾语；动名词短语宾语；从句第四组(12)Andy and I are friends._(13)Leaves have gone yellow._(14)My duty is to make our environment better._(15)My

22、 hobby is reading._(16)Thats where the river joins the sea._第五组(17)Unfortunately，David missed the train._(18)Ten years ago，she began to live in Dalian._(19)Seeing its mother，the baby smiled._(20)When he was a boy，John came to China._表语；名词表语；不定式短语表语；动名词表语；从句状语；副词状语；名词短语状语；现在分词短语状语；从句表语；形容词第六组（21）All

23、work and no play makes Jack a dull boy._（22）I think the meeting formal._（23）I saw the kite up and down._（24）I found him in trouble._（25）Im sorry to have kept you waiting._（26）Last year，they heard their house rebuilt._第七组（27）The pink dress is Marys._（28）His name is Tom._（29）The boy in blue is Tom._（3

24、0）There is nothing to do today._（31）The smiling lady is very kind._（32）The building designed by her is beautiful._（33）Is he the man who/that wants to see you?_宾语补足语;名词短语宾语补足语;形容词宾语补足语;副词短语宾语补足语;介词短语宾语补足语;现在分词宾语补足语;过去分词定语;代词定语;形容词定语;介词短语定语;不定式定语;现在分词定语;过去分词短语定语;从句2 简单句简单句概述概述（1）定义：只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由

25、单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句 叫简单句。在简单句中，主语和谓语是句子的主干，是句子的核心。（2）简单句的基本句型 S+V 主语+谓语（不及物动词）Classes begin.开始上课。S V S+V+O 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语 My sister likes English.我妹妹喜欢英语。S V O S+V+P 主语+连系动词+表语 He became a scientist.他成了一位科学家。S V P S+V+IO+DO 主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语 He told me your telephone number.他告诉了我你的电话号码。S V IO DO S+V

26、+O+C 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语 The manager asked Tom to leave.经理要求汤姆离开。S V O C S+V+A 主语+谓语（不及物动词）+状语 Jim runs in the park.吉姆在公园里跑步。S V A S+V+O+A 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+状语 They want to go at once.他们想立刻去。S V O A there be 句型：be 动词在人称和数上要和离它最近的主语保持一致 There is a ruler，two pens and five books in the schoolbag.书包里有一把尺子

27、、两支钢笔和五本书。分析下列句子结构（1）Tom wants to make a good first impression.（2）I excitedly found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.（3）This afternoon，we had our chemistry class in the science lab.（4）I didnt feel awkward or frightened at all.（5）I plan to become an engineer in the future.（6）I

28、am a Grade 10 student at Lakeside High School in America.S V O S A V O C A S V O A S V P AS V O AS V P ALanguage points核心词汇教材原句教材原句 p.6 Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.汤汤姆期待见到新的交换生。姆期待见到新的交换生。1 look forward to 盼望；期待（to 是介词）Im really looking forward to my holiday.我热切盼望着假期的到

29、来。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】look forward to+n./pron./v.-ing，to 是介词，类似的短语还有：lead to 导致；通向 be used to 习惯于stick to 坚持 pay attention to 注意get down to 开始认真做 contribute to 有助于；促成A diet that is high in fat can lead to obesity.高脂肪的饮食可能会导致肥胖。Perhaps he should have stuck to writing.或许他本该坚持写作。I must get down to booking the ho

30、tel.我得开始预订旅馆了。Smoking contributed to his early death.吸烟导致他早逝。题组练领悟方法单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）Were looking forward to （invite）to a formal dinner.（2）We are looking forward to （listen）to his speech.（3）The summer holiday she was looking forward to（come）at last.（4）The woman got down to （clean）the room as soon as she got home.完成句子完成句子（5）我盼望着尽快收到你的来信。_being invitedlistening Im looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.cleaning cameTHE END