基础语法之数词和冠词 (ppt课件)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、数词数词基数词序数词数词用法归纳数词（一）分类基数词和序数词两种作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语基数词表示数目的词叫基数词一千 1000 one/a thousand一万 10000 ten thousand十万 100000 one hundred thousand基数词表示数目的词叫基数词百万 1000000 one million千万 10000000 ten million亿 100000000 one hundred million基数词1.百位与十位之间要加and；十万位和万位，亿位和千万位之间通常也要加and2.英语用千、百万等单位计数，大数字从右向左看，每隔三位划一逗号，倒数第一

2、个逗号之前要用thousand，倒数第二个逗号之前要用million，倒数第三个逗号之前要用billion表示。基数词3.hundred、thousand、million作数词时，不用复数，前面可以加上one、two等其它数词。用作名词时复数表示“成上”，后面必须要有of，前面可以加上some，many，several等词。five hundredten thousand七百八十二亿四千零八万四千七百六十七百八十二亿四千零八万四千七百六十九九7824008476978，240，084，76978 billion 2 hundred and 40 million 84 thousand 7 hu

3、ndred and 69序数词表示顺序的数词叫序数词1000th one thousandth1000000th one millionth第703 the seven hundred and third第5480 the five thousand four hundred and eightieth序数词注意三点1.两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词，其余部分仍用基数词thirty-sixth2.使用序数词时一般加定冠词theIm in the third grade.序数词3.序数词作“几分之几”，有复数形式1/5 one fifth2/3 two thirds数词的用法表示年份200

4、2：two thousand and two表示日期12月1日：Dec.1st 或the first of December数词的用法表示时刻5：15 five fifteen或 a quarter past five表示编号Room 105 Room one zero fiveBus No.13 Bus Number Thirteen数词的用法小数的读法5.7 five point seven0.16 zero point one six“半”的表达 half半小时 half an hour数词的用法序数词前面加the时，表示顺序，加a/an时表示“再一，又一”The third lesso

5、n is rather difficult.Shall we read the text a third time?冠词定冠词不定冠词零冠词不定冠词a/an1.不定冠词a/an用在单数名词的前面2.a用在辅音开头的词前面3.an用在元音开头的词的前面不定冠词a/an表示某一个人或物，但不具体说明何人或何物There is a dog lying on the ground.有一只狗躺在地上。不定冠词a/an表示某类人或事物，以区别与其他种类An elephant is much stronger than a man.大象比人强壮多了。不定冠词a/an表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。He is

6、a teacher of English.不定冠词a/an表示“一”这个数量There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。不定冠词a/an固定搭配a bit 一点a little 一点定冠词the1.表示特指的人或事物The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克。定冠词the2.指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。Look at the blackboard,Lily.丽丽请看黑板。定冠词the3.复述前面提到过的人或事物There is a

7、man under the tree.The man is called Robert.树下有个人，那人叫罗伯特。定冠词the4.表示世界上独一无二的事物。The earth turns around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。定冠词the5.用在表示方位的名词前面。There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.长江以南地区将会刮大风。定冠词the6.在序数词和形容词最高级的前面Who is the first one to go?谁第一个去？Of all the stars,the sun is the near

8、est to the earth.在所有的恒星之中，太阳离地球最近。定冠词the7.用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.我从来没有去过喜马拉雅山。定冠词the8.用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。He is from the United States of America.定冠词the9.用在姓氏之前表示一家人The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.定冠词the10.same 之前一般用theLucy and Lily look the same.定冠词t

9、he11.固定短语at the same timemake the bedin the endall the time 定冠词the12.乐器名称前面He began to play the violin at the age of 5.零冠词1.专有名词和第一次使用不可数名词前通常不用。China is a very large country.Man needs air and water.零冠词2.名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时。My pen is much more expensive than yours.零冠词3.周名，月名或季节名前一般不用。He was born on

10、Monday,Friday 18,1995.They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.零冠词4.第一次使用的复数名词表示人或物的类别。Men are cleverer than monkeys.零冠词5.三餐饭前不用We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.零冠词6.节假日前一般不用On Childrens Day the boys often get presents from their parents.零冠词7.球类名词前不用The children play football on Saturday afternoon.零冠词8.城市的建筑物名称前不用They are now at Peoples Cinema.零冠词9.一些习惯用语中不用at/to/from/out of/after/for schoolin/to/for/after class小结定冠词12点不定冠词5点零冠词9点