2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册Welcome Unit 句子结构 基本句型ppt课件.pptx

1、语法来啦 英语句子的三大分类 简单句的五大基本句型 他们要去和人打架 他们要去和人打架，但是我不知道为什么。我想知道他们要去和谁打架英语句子三大分类：英语句子三大分类：他们要去和人打架They are going to have a fight with someone.英语句子三大分类：英语句子三大分类：他们要去和人打架，但是我不知道为什么。They are going to have a fight with someone,but I dont know why.I dont know why they are going to have a fight with someone.英语句

2、子三大分类：英语句子三大分类：我想知道他们要去和谁打架I wonder whom they are going to have a fight with.英语句子三大分类：英语句子三大分类：英语句子三大分类：英语句子三大分类：1.简单句简单句 2.并列句并列句 3.复合句复合句简单句：简单句：S V =1 并列句：并列句：S V 2且由并列连词连接且由并列连词连接复合句：复合句：S V 2且由从属连词连接且由从属连词连接并列连词：并列连词主要是用来表示并列关系、转并列连词：并列连词主要是用来表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系、因果推理关系等。折关系、选择关系、因果推理关系等。and,but,or

3、,so,both.and,as well as,neither.nor从属连词：从属连词：that,which,what,when,where,why,how,whether,if,because,since,although,whatever,however.判断以下句子有无问题1.When I heard the good news,but I didnt know why I was upset.错2.Because I stayed up late last night,so I got up late.错3.He is smiling at me,I am very happy.错简

4、单句的五大基本句型简单句的五大基本句型Mr.Zhang is a math teacher.He is smiling.He asked a question.Can you give me another chance?His behavior made him a bad guy.简单句的五大基本句型简单句的五大基本句型Mr.Zhang is a math teacher.（主系表）（主系表）He is smiling.（主谓）（主谓）He asked a question.（主谓宾）（主谓宾）Can you give me another chance?（主（主+谓谓+间接间接宾语宾语+

5、直接直接宾语）宾语）His behavior made him a bad guy.（主（主+谓谓+宾语宾语+宾补）宾补）简单句的五大基本句型简单句的五大基本句型简单句的五大基本句型简单句的五大基本句型主系表主系表系动词的后面必须接表语，说明主语的情况和状态。作表语的通常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或从句。判断下列句子是否为“主系表”结构1.The Sydney Opera House looks just like seashells.2.The meat you bought last week smells terribly.3.The story sounds true.4.Thos

6、e oranges on sale taste good.5.He grows more and more impatient.简单句的五大基本句型简单句的五大基本句型主系表主系表系动词的后面必须接表语，说明主语的情况和状态。作表语的通常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或从句。判断下列句子是否为“主系表”结构1.The Sydney Opera House looks just like seashells.2.The meat you bought last week smells terrible.3.The story sounds true.4.Those oranges on sale

7、 taste good.5.He grows more and more impatient.1.表感官的系动词:look,sound,taste,smell,feel(这些词用形容词作表语)2.表似乎的系动词seem,appear3.表变化的系动词:become,get,turn,grow,go4.表依旧的系动词:remain,keep,stay5.be 动词简单句的五大基本句型简单句的五大基本句型主谓主谓&主谓宾主谓宾 一些不及物动词之后加上介词就可以具有及物动词的功能，其后可以接宾语。这一类词组常见的比如 listen to（听）；look at（看）；look after（照看）；lo

8、ok for 寻 找，；arrive atin（到达）He just disappeared.He attended the meeting yesterday.不及物动词不及物动词 及物动词及物动词【改错】When Jack came the room,everyone looked at him.加 into简单句的五大基本句型简单句的五大基本句型主谓宾宾主谓宾宾&主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补 I will bring you the book next time.=I will bring the book to you next time.(you为间接宾语，the book为直接宾语)有些及

9、物动词，只接一个宾语不能表达完整的意思，还需要再加一个宾语的补足语使意思完整，这样的结构又称为复合宾语。宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词和不定式等来充当。常见的加复合宾语的动词有：make,elect,name,tell,find,think,leave等We will make him our monitor.简单句的五大基本句型简单句的五大基本句型主谓宾宾主谓宾宾&主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补易混辨析：双宾语与复合宾语的区别易混辨析：双宾语与复合宾语的区别复合宾语中的宾语和它的补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，但双宾语则没有这种逻辑上的主谓关系。We call him Jack.（宾语him和宾语补足语J

10、ack之间有逻辑上的主谓关系“他就是杰克”)He bought her a bike.（间接宾语her和直接宾语a bike不能形成逻辑上的主谓关系，不能说“她是车”，因此此处为双宾语）Practice判断句子类型（简单句判断句子类型（简单句or并列句并列句or复合句）复合句）1.Hospitals,hoping to reduce medical error,have invested heavily to put computers,smart-phones and other devices into the hands of medical staff for instant acce

11、ss to patient data,drug information and case studies.2.Interestingly,the same article stresses that roughly 40 percent of leaders actually are quite shy.3.The myth that shy people are less effective leaders than their outgoing fellows is just a misunderstanding.4.Putting your hand in your pocket to

12、reward good service is a personal choice,but it also depends on where you are in the world.5.Not only does he speak English correctly,but also he speaks it fluently.Practice判断下列句子属于五种句型的哪一种判断下列句子属于五种句型的哪一种1.I have a lot of clothes to wash.2.Both Mary and I enjoy country music.3.The waiter brought me

13、 a bottle of beer.4.He gave his son some advice on reading.5.You must get the car ready by tomorrow.6.I wrote him a thank-you note for helping me.7.Your flight will leave at 5:00 pm.8.My mouth felt completely dry.9.My father bought a new bike for me last week.10.Mr.Li is going to teach us history ne

14、xt term.主+系+表主+谓主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语（主+谓+双宾）主+谓+宾语+宾语补足语（主+谓+宾+宾补）Practice判断下列句子属于五种句型的哪一种判断下列句子属于五种句型的哪一种1.I have a lot of clothes to wash.2.Both Mary and I enjoy country music.3.The waiter brought me a bottle of beer.4.He gave his son some advice on reading.5.You must get the car ready by tomorrow.6.I wrote him a thank-you note for helping me.7.Your flight will leave at 5:00 pm.8.My mouth felt completely dry.9.My father bought a new bike for me last week.10.Mr.Li is going to teach us history next term.1.主谓宾2.主谓宾3.主谓宾宾4.主谓宾宾5.主谓宾宾补6.主谓宾宾7.主谓8.主系表9.主谓宾宾10.主谓宾宾