2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册Unit1 语法填空专题讲解及训练ppt课件.pptx

1、高中题型突破语法填空核心：以句为单位，缺什么不什么考察点：语篇理解，句子结构，语法运用，单词拼写语法填空的考察点或内容语法填空的考察点或内容1.有提示词：考谓语动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，形容词和副词的比较级，最高级，词类转换等。一个空格可以填1,2,3个单词。2.无提示词：考冠词，介词，代词，连词等四类词。一个空格只能填一个单词。（一）提示词为动词的试题技巧技巧1:用谓语动词用谓语动词(时态、语态时态、语态)或非谓语动词填空或非谓语动词填空按以下两点进行思考:1)看位置。在主语后与主语构成主谓结构，那么填谓语动词，要考虑时态语态以及主谓一致。2)看是否有并列连词and，but，so等做标志

2、，做并列谓语。1.一句一主谓2.做题步骤：先判断设空处需要谓语动词还是非谓语动词 需要谓语动词：判断时态和语态 需要非谓语动词：判断 to do;doing;done的哪种形式 变换形式例1.His fear of failure _(keep)him from classroom games that other children played with joy.【解析】考查谓语动词-时态。因主语His fear of failure 后没有别的谓语动词，需填的动词应为谓语动词;因主语与keep是主动关系，应用主动语态;由从句谓语动词played 可知，要用一般过去时，故填kept.例2.1

3、 That was completely not a good idea,so I politely refused her invitation,_(close)my book and walked away【解析】考查谓语动词-时态。虽然句中已有谓语动词refused，但由and walked可知，所填词与refused和walked是并列关系，所以也用一般过去式 closed.keptclosed【即时练习】语法填空1 My brother _(succeed)in winning the election last week.2 More than 2,000 people are _

4、(employ).3 The first card was _(design)by the boy last week.4 Mr.Smith stood up,_(pick)up his book and left.succeededemployeddesigned picked2.Inspired by his example,hundreds of teenagers volunteered _(join)us.（一）提示词为动词的试题（一）提示词为动词的试题技巧技巧2:若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语

5、动词就要确定用是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用-ing形式、形式、-ed形形式，还是用不定式形式式，还是用不定式形式(to do/to be/done)。例:A talk _(give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的is written是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式to be given.非谓语动词：to do（表将来、表目的；主动语态）doing（表进行；主动语态）done（表完成

6、；被动语态）例1.It is important for us _(learn)English.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中有谓语动词is，it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语。所以填to learn.例2._(take)exercise is of great benefit to us.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中有谓语动词is，所以take应为非谓语;分析句子成分，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词。故填Taking.to learnTaking例3._(catch)the first bus,he got up early.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中有谓语动词got up，所以ca

7、tch 应为非谓语动词，根据句子成分分析，作状语，表目的，故要用不定式而且主动的，To catch.例4.The teacher entered the classroom,_(follow)by some students.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语entered，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词;又因为the teacher 与follow 是被动关系，故用过去分词作伴随状语,followedTo catch followed技巧3:词性转换-动词变名词当判断既不是谓语动词，也不是非谓语动词时，如果出现在形容词或介词后，一般要用名词形式(动变名)，再根据语境确定名词

8、的单复数。例2.Iwill not accept his _(invite)unless he apologize to me.【解析】考查名词的用法。主句缺宾语，空格前面有形容词性物主代词his,后面应接名词，所以要用invitation(他的一次邀请)填空。例3.His some _(suggest)helped us quickly complete the work.【解析】考查名词的用法。空格前面有形容词性物主代词his和形容词 some,后面要接名词，所以用可数名词的复数形式suggestions填空。invitationsuggestions(二)提示词为名词的试题技巧技巧1:在

9、形容词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词和在形容词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词和some,any，little/a little,few/a few等和等和a lot of,a number of,a series of,a kind of等词组后，等词组后，考虑用名词的单复数形式填空。考虑用名词的单复数形式填空。例例1.These _(qift)are given by her relatives and friend on his 18th birthday.【解析解析】考查名词的用法。复数指示代词考查名词的用法。复数指示代词these后接的名词要用复数形式。后接的名词要用复数形式。

10、例例2.Im very happy that he accepted my _(apology)yesterday.【解析解析】考查名词的用法。在形容词性物主代词后应接名词，考查名词的用法。在形容词性物主代词后应接名词，apology是不可数是不可数名词。名词。giftsapology技巧2:空格后还有名词，所给名词为有生命的名词，此时考虑用名词所有格形式。例3.September 10t is _(teacher)Day.【解析】考查名词的用法。因为形容词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词和名词所有格修饰名词。空格后有名词Day,考虑用名词所有格Teachers(规则复数名词后加s构成所有格形式)

11、填空。Teachers技巧3:名词作定语的情况例4.There are 25 _(woman)teachers in this school.【解析】考查名词的用法。名词作定语时，除了man，woman外，其它名词作定语修饰复数名词，用单数形式。技巧4:需要做词性转换-名词变形容词例5.They first broke the law in a way which was _(peace).【解析】考查形容词的用法。在连系动词后常用形容词作表语表示主语的性质、特征等，在宾语后用形容词作宾语补足语，此处用形容词形式作表语。womenpeaceful1.There was a sudden（mov

12、e）in the undergrowth.2.In the home，these（teenager）are brought up within the traditional culture of their parents.3.The _(content)of the letter were quite disappointing(v.失望).4.Both males and _(female)should have equal access to education and job opportunities.5.We have reduced air pollution through

13、many _(strategy).practice形容词性物主代词及冠词之后，为名词。形容词性物主代词及冠词之后，为名词。(三)提示词为形容词的试题技巧三:形容词、副词比较级变化英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的原级、比较级和最高级的变化变化。例:I am _(tall)than Liu Wen.He is the tallest students in my class.此题后句交代了Liu Wen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”3.The _(frighten)girl burst out（爆发）

14、crying.frightened【详解】考查形容词。句意：受惊吓的女孩突然哭了起来。根据句意和空后的名词girl(女孩)可知，此处用形容词，作定语修饰girl，表示“受惊的”，应用frightened，故填frightened。4.He set up a welfare _(organize)ten years ago.Now,he has made a great _(achieve)and he is also a respectable businessman.We all feel _(inspire)by his deeds and _(kind).There must be so

15、mething _(serious)wrong with our society.技巧技巧5：副词修饰形容词副词修饰形容词,动词或整个句子动词或整个句子【即时练习】语法填空1.The boy immediately felt _(silence)when he heard the bad news.2.lf diseased tissue is found,a _(power)laser(激光)can be used to burn it away.3.Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _(interest)

16、in the subject4.Mike was a _(rely 信赖)man and I think you can rely on him.5.He cant stand(忍受)people who are _(cruelty).silentpowerfulinterestedreliablecruel【即时练习】语法填空6.Tom made his mother _(anger)because of his rudeness.7.John Snow was able to announce with _(certain).8.On December 10,the anniversary

17、 of the _(die)of Nobel9.Recognizing your bad eating habits is of great _(important)in correcting the behavior.10._(sad)the library had moved from its original place into another building.angrycertaintydeathimportanceSadly 语法填空的两大分类：一.有提示词题型主要考查：词性转换、名词单复数变化、形容词或副词性转换、名词单复数变化、形容词或副词的比较级与最高级变化、动词的时态和语态词的比较级与最高级变化、动词的时态和语态(含主含主谓一致谓一致)以及动词的非谓语形式。以及动词的非谓语形式。做法：先判断设空处在句中的功能（成分），再确定该用什么形式。空的分类空的分类有提示词动词是否缺谓语是：转换时态/语态/主谓一致否：非谓语动词行使转换/其他词性转换名词是否缺名词是:变复数不是：进行词性转换形容词是否缺形容词（要填的位置）是：比较级/最高级否：进行词性转换无提示词（介冠连代）介词_+名词）整体不做主语/宾语/表语固定搭配介词本意冠词_+名词）整体做主语/宾语/表语a/an/the的辨析连词两句话的逻辑并列连词/从属连词代词指代问题相应的代词