中考英语语法知识复习课件：专题一　名词.pptx

1、名 词,.单项填空 ( )1.(2019安徽)You can see the in our faces when we talk about the great achievements in the past 70 years. A.doubt B.pride C.regret D.ability,B,解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我们谈论过去70年的巨大成就时,你能看到我们脸上的骄傲。doubt“怀疑”;pride“骄傲”;regret“后悔”;ability“能力”。通常情况下,在谈到巨大成就时,我们总是感到骄傲。故选B。,( )2.(2018安徽)What is the of you

2、r excellent spoken English? Practice makes perfect! A.result B.influence C.duty D.secret,D,解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意:你的英语口语这么好的秘诀是什么?熟能生巧!result“结果”;influence“影响”;duty“职责”;secret“秘诀,秘密”。根据语境可知选D。,( )3.(2017安徽)The New Silk Road will offer a good for more nations to communicate. A.chance B.habit C.question D.pri

3、ce,A,解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意:新丝绸之路将为更多的国家提供一个良好的沟通机会。chance“机会”;habit“习惯”;question“问题”;price“价格”。根据句意可知选A。,( )4.(2016安徽)Cathy has such a good that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year. A.sleep B.idea C.voice D.time,C,解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意:凯茜的嗓音很好,她去年在歌唱比赛中赢得了许多奖项。sleep“睡眠”;idea“主意”;voice“嗓音”;time“时

4、间”。既然是在歌唱比赛中赢得奖项,那么凯茜肯定有一副好嗓音。故选C。,( )5.(2015安徽)How can I get some about the 2016 Olympic Games? Why not search the Internet? A.information B.experience C.practice D.success,A,解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我如何才能得到一些关于2016年奥林匹克运动会的信息呢?为什么不上网搜索呢?information“信息”;experience“经验”;practice“训练”;success“成功”。回话者的建议是上网搜索信息,由

5、此推知,提问者问的是如何获得奥运会的信息。故选A。,.单词拼写 1.(2019安徽)It is helpful to have a clear i (想法) of what you want. 2.(2019安徽)The six-year-old American girl has learned hundreds of Chinese p (诗). 3.(2018安徽)Everyone has a r (角色) to play in making our country more beautiful.,dea,oems,ole,4.(2017安徽)My fathers T-shirt has

6、 completely lost its s (形状). 5.(2017安徽)An old man began to collect rubbish along the river b (岸) years ago. 6.(2016安徽)Mary has developed a new way of life by getting close to n (自然).,hape,ank(s),ature,7.(2016安徽)This Chinese painting is the greatest work of a (艺术) I have ever seen. 8.(2015安徽) When sw

7、imming, you should put s (安全) first. 9.(2015安徽)Please accept our best w (祝愿) for your exams.,rt,afety,ishes,考纲要点: 1.可数名词和不可数名词 2.名词的复数变化规则 3.名词的所有格 4.名词词义辨析,各个击破: 一、可数名词和不可数名词,二、名词的复数变化规则,二、名词的复数变化规则,二、名词的复数变化规则,二、名词的复数变化规则,三、名词的所有格,三、名词的所有格,四、不可数名词的计量,四、不可数名词的计量,1.“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词,中间的名词须用单数形式。如:

8、 a five-year-old boy 一个5岁大的男孩 a five-pound note 一张5英镑的纸币 a six-foot-deep hole一个6英尺深的洞 a ten-story-high building一幢10层高的楼房 a two-inch-thick dictionary一本2英寸厚的字典 a 100-meter race一场百米赛跑,2.以s结尾的名词,有的作单数使用,有的作复数使用。 (1)以s结尾的学科类名词,一般是不可数名词。如:maths, physics, politics,等等。 (2)表示由两部分构成的物体的名词,其形式上可数,若表达具体数目时,要借助数

9、量词pair来表示,其单复数形式取决于pair的单复数形式。如:a pair of trousers一条裤子。 (3)以复数形式出现的书名、剧名、报纸、杂志的名词,看作单数名词。如:The New York Times(纽约时报);The Arabian Nights(一千零一夜)。,(4)以s结尾表示国家、组织或公司名称的专有名词,通常被看作单数。如:the United States(美利坚合众国);the United Nations(联合国)。 (5)以s结尾表示群岛、山脉、瀑布等自然景观的专有名词,通常被看作复数。如:the Huang-guoshu Falls(黄果树瀑布)。 (6

10、)复合名词的复数形式分为两种:一种是只将主体名词变为复数形式;另一种即如果是man,woman与其他名词组成的复合名词,那么两个名词都要变为复数形式。如:an apple treetwo apple trees;a woman teachersome women teachers。,名词词义辨析法,考点1 名词词义辨析,名词词义考查主要涉及名词的同义词、近义词辨析以及具体语境下名词的用法。做好这类题目首先要掌握所给选项名词的意思,然后结合语境及生活常识把所给的名词逐一代入句中,去判断符合上下文及逻辑的选项。,(2019合肥行知中学一模)Look! Here comes Cindy! She i

11、s full of . So she is. Because she takes a lot of exercise every day. A.courage B.pride C.energy D.knowledge,C,剖析 courage“勇气”;pride“自豪”;energy“精力,能量”;knowledge“知识”。句意:看!辛迪来了!她总是充满 。的确如此,因为她每天做很多锻炼。结合句意及选项可知辛迪精力充沛。,固定短语搭配法,考点1 名词词义辨析,短语的固定搭配也是中考英语中名词考查的一个重要方面,因此要牢记一些常考的各类短语,这对于解答这类题目非常重要。,(2019安徽中考模拟

12、)“Chinese Red” is very popular. That is because in China red is the of happiness and good luck. A.sign B.symbol C.subject D.standard,B,剖析 sign“符号,标记”;symbol“象征”;subject“科目”;standard“标准”。句意:“中国红”是很受欢迎的。那是因为在中国,红色是快乐和好运的 。结合句意及常识判断红色在中国是好运的象征。,特别词语提示法,考点2 区分名词的数和格,在名词的考查中,有时我们可以结合选项及句中的一些特别的词语,做出正确的判断

13、。,(2019潜山四中三模)Im afraid you cant put the shelf into your study because it takes up too much . A.room B.book C.desk D.house,A,剖析 句意:恐怕你不能把这个架子放进你的书房里,因为它占据太多的 。too much“太多”,修饰不可数名词,而选项中的book, desk, house均为可数名词。“room”在此处意为“空间”,是不可数名词。,语境暗示法,考点1 名词词义辨析,语境暗示法就是考生通过句子的语境,结合所给的选项,能够快速地判断出正确答案。,(2019芜湖中考三模

14、)Whats the matter? I have a . I have to go to the doctor. A.head B.tooth C.cold D.nose,C,剖析 句意:怎么了?我患 。我必须去看医生。head“头”;tooth“牙齿”;cold“感冒”;nose“鼻子”。答语中“我不得不去看医生”暗示,我应该是“患感冒”了。,.单项填空 ( )1.The number of the people using Huawei is getting larger and larger. A.cultures B.customers C.products D.histories,

15、C,( )2.Time past cannot be called back again. Yes. Wasting time is a . A.pressure B.fairness C.choice D.shame,D,( )3.She is leaving to take part in the final poem competition. Im proud of her. I wish her a great . A.speed B.method C.pressure D.success,D,( )4.Nowadays more and more foreigners are bec

16、oming interested in Chinese kung fu. Thats true. Its an important part of Chinese . A.invention B.story C.culture D.custom,C,( )5.Dad, what is the loudspeaker saying? It is to the . The flight to Wuhan is boarding now. A.customers B.passengers C.members D.tourists,B,( )6.For his sons birthday, Steve

17、n is taking him to the new movie as a . A.task B.treat C.choice D.visit,B,( )7.One of the book is missing, so I cant learn the whole story. A.copy B.page C.writer D.reader,B,( )8.If I leave my house at 9 oclock and drive to the airport, Ill arrive at about 11. So its about two drive from my house to

18、 the airport. A.hours B.hours C.hours D.houres,A,( )9.On April 24, Xie Wenjun raced to gold in the 110-meter hurdles at the Asian Athletics Championships in Qatar. A.man B.men C.mens D.mens,C,( )10.Anna, how does the dress look on me? To tell you the , it doesnt fit you well. A.trade B.trust C.truth

19、 D.treat,C,( )11.Keep quiet! I need complete when Im working. Sorry, Dad. I wont make any noise again. A.trust B.silence C.control D.strength,B,( )12.(2019淮北三模)For your , you mustnt get out of the car in the wild animal park. A.choice B.chance C.safety D.mistake,C,( )13.(2019合肥45中四模)Your father is h

20、aving a meeting now. Im afraid he cant pick up the phone. Could I send him a(n) ? A.message B.suggestion C.information D.idea,A,( )14.(2019桐城2中三模)Both of them had the same opinion. They reached a(n) quickly. A.organization B.victory C.Situation D.agreement,D,( )15.(2019长丰县三模)How can I know quickly w

21、hat the novel is mainly about? Read the of it first. A.introduction B.instruction C.information D.competition,A,.单词拼写 1.(2019太和民族中学模拟)Please put all the books back in the right o (顺序) before you leave. 2.(2019宿城五中模拟)Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the k (钥匙) to it. 3.(原创)Follow these small s (步骤), and you can make a big difference to the earth.,rder,ey,teps,4.(原创)Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death be like autumn l (树叶). 5.(原创)For breakfast, Tina would like some milk and c (蛋糕).,eaves,akes,