中考英语语法知识复习课件：专题九　动词语态.pptx

1、动词语态,( )1.(2019安徽)The villagers expect that the building of the bridge before the rainy season comes. A.is completed B.was completed C.will be completed D.has been completed,C,解析 句意:这些村民期待,这座桥的建造在雨季来临之前完成。从主句expect可知,这座桥的建造还没有完成,应用一般将来时态表达。故选C。,( )2.(2018安徽)The weatherman says a rain shower this aft

2、ernoon in the south. A.expects B.expected C.is expected D.was expected,C,解析 句意:天气预报员说,预计今天下午在南方有阵雨。从句意可知,宾语从句的主语a rain shower是动作expect的承受者,应用被动语态,排除A、B;从语境可知,本句说的是现在对未来天气的预测,应用一般现在时态表达。故选C。,( )3.(2017安徽)Mr.Green to sing an English song at the party and he sang well. A.was invited B.invited C.is invi

3、ted D.invites,A,解析 句意:格林先生受邀在这次聚会上唱了首英文歌曲,并且他唱得很好。由句意可知,句子的主语格林先生是动作invite的承受者,应用被动语态表达,排除B、D;从后一分句sang可知,“受邀”的动作发生在这之前,应用一般过去时态表达,排除C。故选A。,( )4.(2016安徽)When the baby dog , it was very hungry. So we gave it some food. A.is found B.was found C.has been found D.will be found,B,解析 句意:这只小狗被发现的时候,它很饿,因此我

4、们给了它一些食物。根据所给选项可以看出都是被动语态,由后句最后的时态可判断,本题用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。,一、 语态的分类 语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者(或执行者)。如: Many people speak English nowadays. (speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的) 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。如: English is spoken by many people nowadays.(主语English是动词speak的承受者),二、

5、常考时态的被动语态结构 1. 一般现在时:主语+am / is / are +动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned every day. 2.般过去时:主语+was/ were+动词的过去分词 The clothes were washed two hours ago. 3.般将来时:主语+will / shall be +动词的过去分词 The meeting will be held in three hours.,4. 现在完成时:主语+have / has been+动词的过去分词 The movie has been watched three times

6、. 5.含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+动词的过去分词 Before the police arrive, no one could be allowed to leave.,三、被动语态的用法 1.不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要说出动作的执行者是谁。如: The glass was broken just now. 2.强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。如: Your homework must be finished on time.,四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 Step 1:把主动语态句子的宾语变为被动语态句子的主语 Step 2:把主动语态句子的谓语变为“be+动词过

7、去分词”的结构(此处be有时态和单复数的变化) Step 3:主语变为“by+sb.”结构,sb.用宾格(by sb.可省略),五、不用被动语态的情况 1.不及物动词不能用于被动语态。如: The sun rises from the east. 2.表示开始、结束、运动的动词不用于被动语态。如begin, start, stop, end, shut, run, move。如: The TV program begins at 8 oclock. 3.宾语是反身代词、相互代词、同源宾语时,不用于被动语态。如:We should help each other.,4.一部分及物动词不用于被动语

8、态,常见的有fit, have, wish, cost, leave, enter, reach, suit, lack, own,等。如: He owns a big house. 5.些短语动词不能用于被动语态,如break out, take place, come true, belong to, consist of, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in,等。如: The old woman is suffering from a serious illness these days.,6.不定式作定语与所修饰的名词构成动

9、宾关系时,不定式用主动形式。如: I have something interesting to say. 7.一部分形容词后接不定式作状语时,不定式用主动形式。常见的形容词有easy, hard,difficult, nice, kind,等。如: The problem is easy to solve.,六、主动形式表示被动意义 1.look, sound,feel,smell 等感官动词和 appear, seem, keep, stay, remain等表示状态的系动词后接名词、形容词、介词短语或to be+形容词/名词作表语时,这些动词的主动形式常表示被动意义。如: The sca

10、rf feels soft. 2.read, write, wash, sell, wear, lock 等动词和well, easily, smoothly等连用时,主动形式表示被动意义。如: This kind of shoes sells well among teenagers.,3.need, want, require, deserve 等动词以物作主语时,后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。如: My bike needs/ wants/ requires repairing. 七、被动形式表示主动意义短语 be determined, be pleased, be graduat

11、ed (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get married 等虽是被动形式, 但表示主动含义。如: He is prepared for an important test.,根据动作的承受者进行判断,考点1 三个一般时态的被动语态,被动语态相关的试题主要是让大家能够找出谓语动作的执行者或承受者,这就要根据句子的意思进行判断,然后根据句子中的时间,做出正确的选择。,(2019芜湖市中考模拟四)At present, one of the best ways to study is working in gro

12、ups. More chances to students to learn from each other. A.offer B.are offered C.have offered D.are offering,B,剖析 句意:现在,学习最好的方法之一就是群组学习。更多的机会提供给学生互相学习。根据句意more chances是动作的承受者作主语,故用被动语态。,(2019合肥市中考模拟一)There used to be an old theater here, right? Yes. But it last month. A.pulled down B.will be pulled d

13、own C.was pulled down D.pulls down,C,剖析 句意:过去有一座老剧院在这里,对吗?是的,但是上个月被拆毁了。it指代old theater作主语,是动作的承受者,用被动语态。根据时间状语last month可知用一般过去时的被动语态。,(2019合肥包河区九年级质量检测一)In recent years, Hefei has developed very fast. Yes. Its said that more schools in a few years. A.are built B.will be built C.were built D.have be

14、en built,B,剖析 句意:在最近几年,合肥发展很快。是的,据说再过几年,更多的学校将被建造。more schools是动作的承受者作主语,用被动语态,根据时间状语in a few years可知用一般将来时的被动语态。,上下文推断法,考点1 三个一般时态的被动语态,我们可以根据所给句子的句意,结合上下文找出谓语动词承受者的关系,然后确定语态。,Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety into use last month. Can you tell me what they are? A.were putting B.have bee

15、n put C.were put D.put,C,剖析 句意:相当多的关于食品安全的法律和制度上个月付诸实施。你能告诉我是什么吗?由上句中的时间状语last month可知用一般过去时态,再由主语“食品安全的法律和制度”为动词“实施”的承受者可知用被动语态。,(2019利辛中学模拟三)Does she like singing English songs? Yes. She to sing English songs in her room. A.often does B.is often heard C.often hears D.was often heard,B,剖析 句意:她喜欢唱英文

16、歌曲吗?是的,经常听到她在房间里唱英语歌曲。she是动作的承受者作主语,用被动语态,根据句意及提示词often可知用一般现在时的被动语态。,句子结构提示法,考点2 含情态动词的被动语态,根据所给句子的结构判断是否含有情态动词,然后再根据句意判断句子是否为被动语态,最后做出正确的选择。,The traffic is too busy. We have to drive slowly. I think more new roads in our city. A.should be built B.should built C.have build D.build,A,剖析 句意:交通太繁忙了,我们

17、必须慢慢行驶。我认为在我们城市更多的新路应该被建造。根据句意强调应该修路用should,而new roads是动作的承受者,作主语,要用被动语态。,句意推断法,考点2 含情态动词的被动语态,根据句子意思,判断句子应用被动语态,然后根据所含的情态动词,选择最佳答案。,Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him? No problem! I think he to think twice before starting. A.should be told B.can tell C.should tell D.can

18、be telling,A,剖析 句意:汤姆对学业总是粗心的,你能帮助他吗?没问题!我认为他应该被告诉开始学习之前要三思。he是动作承受者作主语,用被动语态,根据句意可知他是“应该被告诉”。,( )1.(2019盐城)In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey to be smart. A.say B.said C.will be said D.are said,D,( ) 2.(2019长沙改编)Perfect photos! Good skills! Thank you. They by my Huawei mobi

19、le phone. In fact, I am not skillful at all. A.Took B.were taken C.will be taken D.are taken,B,( )3.(2019宜昌)Its reported that 31 of the brave young men in a big forest fire in Sichuan. I dont know who they are, but I know who they are for. A.were killing B.were killed C.killed D.had killed,B,( )4.(2

20、019孝感)Im tired of cleaning the house. Sweeping robots more and more widely today. Why not buy one? A.are used B.were used C.are using D.used,A,( )5.(2019襄阳)I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning. You know they by the hard-working cleaners every day. A.clean B.are cleaned C.are cleaning

21、D.will clean,B,( )6.(2019咸宁)The passenger refused to move after taking another ones seat! What a shame! He according to the newly credit system (诚信体系). A.punish B.punished C.will punish D.will be punished,D,( )7.(2019河北)These cakes with chocolate. Have one, please. A.fill B.filled C.are filled D.wer

22、e filled,C,( )8.(2019广东)It is said that one Greater Bay Area university in Guangdong in the future. A.will be built B.build C.will build D.is built,A,( )9.(2019邵阳改编)Waiter! Id like some Shaoyang rice noodles. Sorry, sir. Rice noodles only in the morning. A.serve B.will serve C.are served D.will be s

23、erved,C,( )10.(2019黄冈)Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike! Sorry, Mum. It yesterday. I forgot to do it. A.didnt clean B.isnt cleaned C.was cleaned D.wasnt cleaned,D,( )11.(2019河南)Where is your book report? Did your dog eat it again? No, it almost , and then my computer just died on me! A.不填; finishes B

24、.不填; finished C.is; finished D.was; finished,D,( )12.(2019北京)My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday. A.accepts B.accepted C.was accepted D.is accepted,C,( )13.(2019重庆A卷)His car five years ago, but it looks quite new. A.buys B.bought C.is bought D.was bought,D,( )14.(2019天津)The Hong K

25、ong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge in 2018. We are proud of it. A.is completed B.is completing C.was completed D.completes,C,( )15.(2019南充)Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class? Paper first about 2,000 years ago in China. A.is; invented B.was; invented C.is; inventing D.was; inventing,B,( )16.(201

26、9江西)Gina went to the doctors yesterday and she about the importance of good living habits once more. A.told B.is told C.was told D.has told,C,( )17.(2019连云港)Its reported the medals for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo from 100% recycled material. A.are making B.have made C.is made D.will be made,D,(

27、)18.(2019达州)Dr. Bethune helped a lot of Chinese in the 1930s. He is a great international soldier. I know, so he still in both China and Canada now. A.has; remembered B.is; remembered C.will; remember D.is; remembering,B,( )19.(2019菏泽改编)Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? Id love to,

28、but I to go out this afternoon. A.dont allow B.will allow C.wont be allowed D.werent allowed,C,( )20.(2019淮北联考)The two buildings in a very traditional style. Many visitors are interested in them. A.built B.were built C.are building D.will build,B,( )21.(2019淮南中考模拟)I think students to wear their unif

29、orms at school. A.ask B.asked C.are asking D.should be asked,D,( )22.(2019合肥中考模拟五)I want to know when the meeting . Perhaps two days from now. A.will be held B.will hold C.is held D.holds,A,( )23.(2019颍上县大联考)This morning Cathy to water the flowers in the office every day. A.tells B.was told C.told D.is told,B,( )24.(2019河池)Look at the flowers on both sides of the streets. They last month. A.were planted B.are planted C.are planting D.were planting,A,