教学课件·国际贸易实务双语教程(第二版).ppt

1、国际贸易实务双语教程（第二版）国际贸易实务双语教程（第二版）教学课件 Definitions and functions of international trade terms 概念与作用概念与作用 Definition Trade terms,also called price terms or price conditions,are abbreviations of letters or words specifying specific certain liabilities,costs and risks between the seller and buyer.Function

2、simplify dealing procedures improving efficiency International trade customs 国际贸易惯例国际贸易惯例 Definition 概念 universally recognized customary ways of doing business and explanation evolving in the long process of trade development and has been compiled by relative international organizations into rules a

3、nd regulations which are acquainted,recognized and adopted by many trading organizations in most countries.International trade customs 国际贸易惯例国际贸易惯例 Nature 性质 not compulsory 不具有法律强制性 both parties are subject to it 约束双方 binding force 约束力 contract to be followed if conflict exist 合同优先 different clause

4、could be made 契约至上契约自由 International trade customs 国际贸易惯例国际贸易惯例 Three main international rules 三个主要惯例“WARSAW-OXFORD RULES 1932”1932年华沙牛津规则 Revised American foreign trade definition 1941 1941年美国对外贸易定义修订本 INCOTERMS 2010 2010年国际贸易术语解释通则 Feature 特点 most widely used international practices most influenti

5、al international practices most important international practices published by ICC all trade terms in this textbook are subject to it Update of INCOTERMS 通则的更新 INCOTERMS 1990 consists 13 trade rules INCOTERMS 2000 groups the 13 rules into 4 categories INCOTERMS 2010 updates and consolidates the deli

6、vered rules，reducing the total number of rules from 13 to 11.INCOTERMS 2010 presents 11 rules in two distinct classes:Rules for any mode or modes of transportation适用于任何运输方式或多种运输方式的术语 EXW、FCA、CPT、CIP、DAT、DAP and DDP Rules for sea and inland waterway transportation适用于海运及内河水运的术语 FAS、FOB、CFR and CIF Amo

7、ng the 11 trade terms,FOB,CFR and CIF are the most commonly used terms.Nowadays,they are used as trade terms for symbolic delivery.Symbolic delivery creates a new epoch of international trade.FOB,CFR and CIF are classified into one group as they are alike in characters.Similar characters 共同规律 Used f

8、or port-to-port waterway transportation Place of delivery-on board a ship in the export country Risks on seller until the goods are on board the vessel in the export country Documents is the core of selling and buying Risks transferred to buyer once the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel.

9、Shipment contracts,the seller assure punctual shipment but and disregard arriving time.Definition The seller is responsible for shipping the contracted goods on board the ship dominated by the buyer at the port of shipment within specific period and bearing all costs and risks before the goods are o

10、n board the vessel.Obligations 买卖双方义务买卖双方义务 The Sellers Obligations The Buyers Obligations Some points for attention about FOB The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务a.Ship the goods on board the ship at port of shipment within due time and notify the buyer promptlyb.All costs and risks before the goods ar

11、e loaded on board the ship c.Clear export customs and provide related documents and certificatesd.Provide related shipping documents or EDI electronic information The Buyers Obligations 买方义务买方义务a.Book space and pay the freight and notify the seller sailing date and name of sailing vesselb.Bear all c

12、osts and risks after the goods are loaded on board the shipc.Accept related documents provided by the seller and pay duly according to the contract Some points for attention about FOB 要注意的几个问题要注意的几个问题 The cancellation of the concept“cross the rail”“船舷为界”概念的取消 Shipping charges 关于关于FOB的装船费用的装船费用 Defin

13、ition 概念概念 The seller is responsible for booking space and delivering the goods on board the vessel sailing for the destination in due time according to the contract and covering the risks and expenses during carriage.The risks of loss or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the ve

14、ssel.Obligations 买卖双方义务买卖双方义务 The Sellers Obligations The Buyers Obligations Some points for attention about FOB The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务a.Book shipping space and sign shipment contracts from designated port of shipment to destination;load the goods on board the ship in contracted time and p

15、ort and pay the freight;notify the buyer after shipment promptly.b.Bear all expenses and risks before the goods are on board the vessel at port of shipment.The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务c.Cover the insurance and pay insurance premium as the contract stipulates.d.Clear export customs and bear all r

16、elating risks and expenses;get export license or other official permission documents.e.Provide relating shipping documents,commercial invoices or equivalent eclectic information or e-documents.The Buyers Obligations 买方义务买方义务a.All expenses and risks after the goods delivered on board at port of shipm

17、ent.b.Accept related documents provided by the seller and take delivery the goods and pay for them.c.Clear import customs at port of destination;bear all expenses and risks;get import license or other official permissions.Some points for attention about CIF 要注意的问题要注意的问题 Insurance coverage保险险别问题保险险别问

18、题 Booking shipping space by the seller卖方租船订舱问题卖方租船订舱问题 Symbolic delivery象征性交货问题象征性交货问题 DefinitionThe seller is responsible for booking space and delivering the goods on board the vessel sailing for the destination in due time according to the contract and covering the risks and expenses during carri

19、age(the risks are transferred when goods are delivered on board).Obligations 双方义务双方义务 Except that the insurance is covered by the buyer,both parties obligations are just the same as that of CIF.Some points for attention 注意事项注意事项 The seller shall dispatches shipping notice promptly to facilitate the

20、buyers insurance covering and if the buyer fails to cover insurance and suffers losses as a result of the sellers late notice,the seller is responsible.Contracts under CFR belong to shipment contracts.These three trade terms are used when the exporter delivers the goods to the carrier.Five common ch

21、aracters Five common characters1.Suitable for any means of transport2.Place of shipment in exporting country3.Risk is transferred at port of shipment4.Deliver at shipping port in the exporting country.5.Contracts signed as per these three rules are all shipping contracts.Definition The seller delive

22、rs the goods,cleared for export,to the carrier nominated by the buyer at the named place and the buyer concludes shipping contract on his own expense and notify the seller promptly.Characteristics 特点a.Place of delivery:the exporting country or portb.Risk transfer:the buyer bears all risks and any co

23、sts occurring after the goods have been deliveredc.Carrier:any one actually fulfills the obligation of shipment or the shipping agent FCA and FOB Common points 相同点相同点 The buyer is responsible for shipment and covering insurance and the contracted price does not include shipping charges or insurance

24、premium Port of loading is the place of delivery Contracts under these two terms are shipment contracts but not sales contract FCA and FOB Differences 不同点不同点ItemFOB FCATransport port-to-port marine shipmentall means of transport Places of delivery on board the ship at port of loadingfree carrier to

25、a named placeRisks transfers when the goods are on board the vessel when the goods are delivered to the carrier Trade termsymbolic delivery Definition The seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him and the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods t

26、o the named destination and notify the buyer promptly.Some points for attention 应当注意的问题应当注意的问题 Risk Transfer 风险划分的界限 Allocation of Obligation and Costs 责任和费用划分的问题 Comparison of CPT and CFR 异同点异同点 Common points相同点相同点1.In both terms,the seller is obliged to arrange transport to the destination and bea

27、r related costs while the buyer covers insurance on himself.2.Same delivery termsShip at port of shipment.3.Contracts under both terms are shipment contracts CFR and CPT Differences 不同点不同点ItemCFR CPTTransport port-to-port marine shipmentall means of transport Places of delivery on board the ship in

28、port of shipment in the exporting country to the carrierRisks transfers when the goods are on board the vessel in port of shipment in the exporting countrywhen the goods are delivered to the carrier in the exporting country Definition The seller contracts for insurance and pay the insurance premium

29、for the carriage of the goods in addition to whatever should be covered and the transfer of risk happens when the seller delivers the goods to the carrier he chooses.Comparison of CIF and CIP 异同点异同点 Common points 相同点 The contract price includes shipping charges insurance premium The seller arranges

30、transport to port of destination pay for related shipping charges pay for insurance premium Place of delivery Shipment contracts CIF and CIP Differences 不同点不同点ItemCIF CIPTransport ocean marine transportmulti-modal transportPlaces of delivery on board the ship in port of shipment to the carrier in th

31、e exporting countryRisks transfers when goods are on board the vesselwhen the goods are delivered to the carrierInsurance purely ocean transport insurance not only involve transport insurance but also inland or airway insurance DeliverySymbolic delivery EXW EX Works(named place)中译名：工厂交货（指定地点）FAS Fre

32、e alongside ship(named place of shipment)中译名：装运港船边交货（指定装运港）Definition The seller delivers when it places the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the sellers premises or at another named place(i.e.,works,factory,warehouse,etc.).The seller does not need to load the goods on any collecting vehicles,n

33、or does it need to clear the goods for export,where such clearance is applicable.Characteristics 特点特点 The buyer has to bear all costs and risks,and handle all necessary procedures from the moment he agrees to accept the goods or to take delivery of the goods.This term imposes on the seller the minim

34、um obligations,costs and risks.EXW is widely used in any means of transport.The buyer is obliged to clear export customs.Definition The seller places the goods alongside the vessel nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment to fulfill his delivery obligation under this term.Allocation of R

35、isks and Costs 风险与费用划分风险与费用划分 The seller bears all costs(including shipping charges,charges for transshipment and losses or damages of the goods)and risks of transporting the goods alongside the ship.When the goods are alongside the ship,costs and risks are transferred to the buyer.Comparison of FOB

36、 and FAS 异同点异同点 Common points 相同点 Both are used in port-to-port ocean marine transport The buyer arranges transport,covers insurance and bears shipping charges and insurance premium.FOB and FAS Differences 不同点不同点ItemFOB FASPlaces of delivery on board the ship alongside the shipRisks transfers when g

37、oods are on board the vesselwhen the goods are alongside the shipObligation The seller is responsible for loading the goods the seller is free from shipping charges Deliverysymbolic delivery physical delivery Different definition under American trade terms 与美国对外贸易定义的区别与美国对外贸易定义的区别In AmericaIn INCOTE

38、RMS 2010free along sidefree alongside shipused in any means of transportationused in ocean marine transportation The common points of these terms 共同点a.The seller shall deliver the goods to the buyer in the importing countryb.Used in physical deliveryc.Risks transfer when the buyer takes hold of the

39、goods in the importing countryd.All are arrival contractse.The seller shall bear shipping charges and insurance premiums Definition“Delivered at Terminal”means that the seller delivers when the goods,once unloaded from the arriving means of transport,are placed at the disposal of the buyer at a name

40、d terminal at the named port of place of destination.Obligations 双方义务双方义务 The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务 The Buyers Obligations买方义务买方义务 The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务a.provide the goods,the commercial invoice and any other evidenceb.Licenses,authorizations,security clearances and other formaliti

41、es 许可证、授权、安检通关和其他手续 c.Contract of carriage 关于运输 d.Contract of insurance 关于保险e.Delivery 交货 The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务f.Transfer of risks 风险转移g.Allocation of costs 费用划分h.Notice to the buyer 通知买方i.Delivery document 交货凭证j.Checking-packaging-marking 查对-包装-标记k.Assistance with information and related

42、 costs 协助提供信息及相关费用 The Buyers Obligations 买方义务买方义务a.The buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the contract of sale.b.The buyer must obtain,at its own risk and expense,any import license or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods.c

43、.Contract of carriage 关于运输d.Contract of Insurance关于保险 The Buyers Obligations 买方义务买方义务e.Taking delivery 收取货物f.Transfer of risks 风险转移g.Allocation of Costs 费用划分h.Notice to the seller 通知卖方i.Proof of delivery 交货凭证j.Inspection of goods 货物检验k.Assistance with information and related costs 协助提供信息及相关费用 Defini

44、tion“Delivered at Place”means that the seller delivers when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer on the arriving means of transport ready for unloading at the named place of destination.The seller bears all risks involved in bringing the goods to the named place.Obligations 双方义务双方义务 The

45、 Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务 The Buyers Obligations买方义务买方义务 The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务a.provide the goods,the commercial invoice and any other evidenceb.Licenses,authorizations,security clearances and other formalities 许可证、授权、安检通关和其他手续 c.Contract of carriage 关于运输 d.Contract of insurance 关于保险e

46、.Delivery 交货 The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务f.Transfer of risks 风险转移g.Allocation of costs 费用划分h.Notice to the buyer 通知买方i.Delivery document 交货凭证j.Checking-packaging-marking 查对-包装-标记k.Assistance with information and related costs 协助提供信息及相关费用 The Buyers Obligations 买方义务买方义务a.The buyer must pay the pr

47、ice of the goods as provided in the contract of sale.b.The buyer must obtain,at its own risk and expense,any import license or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods.c.Contract of carriage 关于运输d.Contract of Insurance关于保险 The Buyers Obligations

48、买方义务买方义务e.Taking delivery 收取货物f.Transfer of risks 风险转移g.Allocation of Costs 费用划分h.Notice to the seller 通知卖方i.Proof of delivery 交货凭证j.Inspection of goods 货物检验k.Assistance with information and related costs 协助提供信息及相关费用 Definition“Delivered Duty Paid”means that the seller delivers the goods when the go

49、ods are placed at the disposal of the buyer,cleared for import on the arriving means of transport ready for unloading at the named place of destination.The seller bears all the costs and risks involved in bringing the goods to the place of destination and has an obligation to clear the goods not onl

50、y for export but also for import,to pay any duty for both export and import and to carry out all customs formalities.Obligations 双方义务双方义务 The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务 The Buyers Obligations买方义务买方义务 The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务a.provide the goods,the commercial invoice and any other evidenceb