《英语》(职业模块-工科类)unit-7课件.ppt

1、工科类英英 语语职业模块职业模块 Safety at WorkWarm UpListening and SpeakingReadingSafety at WorkHighlightsJust for Fun Warm UpRecognize the following safety signs and understand the meaning of them.Warm-up1.1.1.1.1.1.1._ 2._3._Warm-up1.1.1.1.1.1.4._ 5._6._ Listening and SpeakingDialogue StudyActivitiesDialogue（L=L

2、eo,N=Nancy）L:Whats this?N:Its a memo about a safety inspection scheduled for next week.L:A safety inspection?How are we ever going to pass a safety inspection?N:What do you mean?This isnt an unsafe workplace.Weve had a good record.None of our employees have had on-the-job injuries this year and weve

3、 never had a fatality.I dont understand why youre so worried.L:From what Ive heard,the inspectors dont just look at injury rates.They look for the smallest hazard that may be remotely dangerous.If we get cited,we may be shut down.Dialogue（L=Leo,N=Nancy）N:With all due respect,I dont think thats how i

4、t works.Yes,the inspector will look at our work environment and our gear and machinery to make sure there are no hazards or toxic substances.L:Thats what Im worried about.N:But,if they find a violation,well get a chance to fix the problem.They wont shut us down without giving us a chance to comply w

5、ith their safety standards.L:I sure hope youre right.N:Me,too.Well know after next weeks inspection.New Words Phrases NotesTo be continuedmemon.备忘录，便笺备忘录，便笺schedulev.n.安排；为安排；为安排时间安排时间日程安排，工作计划日程安排，工作计划employeen.雇员雇员injuryn.（对躯体的）伤害，损伤；（对躯体的）伤害，损伤；（对感情的）伤害，挫伤（对感情的）伤害，挫伤individuallyadv.单独地，个别地单独地，个别地

6、fatalityn.（事故、战争等中的）死（事故、战争等中的）死亡亡inspectorn.检查员；视察员检查员；视察员To be continuedrate n.比率，率比率，率hazardn.危害；危险危害；危险citev.传唤，传讯；引用，举出传唤，传讯；引用，举出respectn.v.（事物的）方面，细节；（事物的）方面，细节；尊重；重视尊重；重视尊敬；尊重；仰慕尊敬；尊重；仰慕gearn.器械，装置；齿轮器械，装置；齿轮machinery n.机器；机械装置机器；机械装置toxicadj.有毒的；引起中毒的有毒的；引起中毒的substance n.物质物质violationn.违反，违

7、背（法律、协议违反，违背（法律、协议等）等）fixv.校正；校准；修理校正；校准；修理complyv.遵守，服从，顺从遵守，服从，顺从safety inspection 安全检查安全检查on-the-job 在职的在职的remotely dangerous 间接危险的间接危险的shut down 停业，关门停业，关门with all due respect（礼貌地表示不同意（礼貌地表示不同意见）恕我直言见）恕我直言safety standards 安全标准安全标准comply with 遵守遵守1.None of our employees have had on-the-job injuri

8、es this year and weve never had a fatality.今年我们的员工没有任何人受到工伤，我们这也从今年我们的员工没有任何人受到工伤，我们这也从未出现过意外死亡。未出现过意外死亡。none of在复数名词或代词之前用以否定该名词或代词所代表的所有成员,在不可数名词之前用以否定该名词所表示的所有成分，例如:She liked none of the books.She has none of her mothers beauty.none of用在不具数名词之前或单数代词之前时,其后动词须用单数;用在复数名词或代词之前时,其后动词可用单数也可用复数;正式书面语体中多

9、用单数，例如:None of the blame was your brothers.None of us are perfect.None of my neighbors possesses a cat.2.But,if they find a violation,well get a chance to fix the problem.但是，如果他们发现了危险，我们会有机会想办法解决这个问题的。但是，如果他们发现了危险，我们会有机会想办法解决这个问题的。本句的时态是一般将来时。To be continued一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态句中一般有以下时间状语：tonight，in

10、 the future，tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,the day after tomorrow（后天），in+段时间（在.之后）等。二、基本结构：主语+be going to+do；主语+will+do.主语(只能为I/We)+shall+do三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）后加not；will后加not成wont；shall后加not成shant例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一

11、般疑问句：be或will或shall提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go for a walk this weekend.Are you going to go for a walk this weekend?To be continued五、一般将来是特殊用法：1)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。We are to talk about the report next Saturday.2）be about to+不定式，意为马上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing.注：b

12、e about to 不能与tomorrow,next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。3）有些表趋向性的动词可用想在进行时表将来：例如：go，come，arrive，fly(飞往)，reach（到达），stay，leave，start,die.如：The old man is dying.=The old man will die.ActivitiesWork AlonePair WorkListen to the dialogue,and decide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F).()1.Leo

13、and Nancy are talking about a safety inspection scheduled for last week.()2.Leo is worried about the safety inspection.()3.The inspectors looks for the smallest hazard that may be remotely dangerous instead of looking at injury rates.Work AloneKey1.F2.T3.TFirst listen to and repeat the dialogue,then

14、 role play it in pairs.Pair Work ReadingText OneText TwoPost-Reading 3Pre-Reading1While-Reading2 Text OnePre-readingWork in groups to discuss the following questions.1.What kind of dangerous situation did you see?2.How will you do when you are in danger?For example.While-reading When employed in,or

15、visiting,any type of workshop,safety is the most important.Tools,equipment and precise health and safety procedures vary from premises to premises.However,basic safety guidelines apply to almost all workshop situations,including home workshops.TrainingUntrained persons should not operate equipment i

16、n workshops.All persons who enter a workshop,whether they are employees or visitors,should be briefed on basic safety procedures.Protective EquipmentWear any protective clothing or device supplied,including safety goggles,ear protection or protective coveralls.Long hair must be tied back and no jewe

17、lry should be worn,in case of entanglement.Safety in a WorkshopTo be continuedReporting Report all hazards,unsafe conditions or work practices to the workshop supervisor immediately.In the case of damaged equipment,do not use it until it has been repaired.Tools and Machinery Only use tools if you ar

18、e specifically trained to do so.Use tools and machines for their intended purpose only.Never distract another person who is using machinery.Where machine guards are provided,these must be kept in place.Harmful Substances Where harmful fumes or gases are created,particular care must be taken to ensur

19、e ventilation.Any chemical present in the workshop should be properly stored and labeled.If a possibility of toxic or flammable gases being generated in the workshop exists,a warning notice should be displayed.New Words Phrases and Expressions NotesWhile-readingTo be continuedemployv.雇用雇用workshopn.车

20、间车间preciseadj.精确的；明确的；严格的精确的；明确的；严格的proceduren.程序；步骤程序；步骤premisesn.（企业的）房屋建筑及附（企业的）房屋建筑及附属场地，营业场所属场地，营业场所guidelinen.准则；指导方针准则；指导方针operatev.操作，使运行；动手术操作，使运行；动手术enter v.进入进入briefv.adj.向（某人）介绍情况；给向（某人）介绍情况；给（某人）指示（某人）指示短暂的；简洁的；简单的短暂的；简洁的；简单的protectiveadj.防护的，保护的防护的，保护的devicen.设备；装置；器具设备；装置；器具gogglesn.护

21、目镜；风镜；游泳镜护目镜；风镜；游泳镜coverallsn.工装裤（衣裤相连的工作工装裤（衣裤相连的工作服）服）jewelryn.珠宝；首饰珠宝；首饰entanglementn.缠住；瓜葛，牵连缠住；瓜葛，牵连supervisorn.主管人；监督人主管人；监督人specificallyadv.专门地；明确地专门地；明确地distractv.使分心；分散（思想）；使分心；分散（思想）；转移（注意力）转移（注意力）To be continuedguardn.防护装置；防护罩；警戒；防护装置；防护罩；警戒；看守看守fumesn.（浓烈的或有害的）烟（浓烈的或有害的）烟label v.n.用标签标明用

22、标签标明标签；标记标签；标记flammableadj.易燃的，可燃的易燃的，可燃的generatev.使形成；产生使形成；产生safety procedures 安全规程，安全程序安全规程，安全程序apply to 适用于；应用于适用于；应用于ear protection 护耳用具护耳用具in case of 以防以防not until 直到直到才才in place 在正确的位置；准备妥当在正确的位置；准备妥当Never distract another person who is using machinery.不要打扰正在不要打扰正在操作机器的工人。操作机器的工人。本句包含一个who引导的

23、定语从句，who在该定语从句中充当主语。定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分。定语从句引导词主要有：that，which，who，whom，whose，when，how，where，how。具体用法如下：which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all,anything,much等，这时的that常被省略who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语

24、where是关系副词，用来引导表示地点的定语从句when引导定语从句表示时间To be continued注：表示时间“time一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导，例如：By the time you arrive in London,we will have stayed there for two weeks.whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格当从句的逻辑主语是some,any,no,somebody,anybody,nobody,something,anything,everything或nothing时，常用th

25、ere is来引导Post-readingKeys1.F 2.F 3.T 1.employ 2.operate 3.distracted 4.generate 5.jewelry 6.labeled 1.apply to 2.in case of 3.in place 4.didnt,until 1.未经培训的员工不能在车间操作设备。2.为避免缠绕，长发要扎起来，且不要带首饰。3.损坏的设备直到修好才能使用。4.不要分散正在机操作械的工人的注意力。5.车间里的任何化学物品要储藏好并且贴上标签。Reading1Keys2 Text Two Employers VS Employees in Wo

26、rkplace Safety Safety in the workplace can be a struggle for many employers to comply with the required regulations while turning in a profit.Employees want to do their job well while keeping safety their primary concern.History The Occupational Health and Safety Administration sets standards for wo

27、rkplace safety.It began as the Occupational Safety and Health Act,signed into law on December 9,1970 by President Richard Nixon.One of the first safety standards regulated by the department was for asbestos fibers.To be continued ReadingMisconceptionsMyths about OSHA may contribute to employer hesit

28、ancy in complying with standards.According to Ronald E.Koons,co-owner of RoSako Safety,one myth is that OSHA is self-funded and needs money collected from fines to survive.Koons also writes that some employers have the misconception that they can avoid citations by inviting OSHA to inspect their wor

29、kplaces.Employer Fines In March 2010,OSHAs Assistant Secretary,David Michaels testified before the US Congress on behalf of increasing penalties for employers who dont follow worker safety protection rules.Michaels stated that OSHAs current penalties do not provide incentives large enough for many e

30、mployers to comply.Employers are fined a maximum civil penalty of$7 000 for each serious worker safety violation.To be continued ReadingSolutions Workers are entitled to working conditions that do not pose a risk of serious harm,says OSHA.Employees with concerns about their workplace have the right

31、to contact OSHA about those concerns without fear of employer retaliation.New Words Notes Reading Phrases and ExpressionsTo be continuedstrugglen.v.斗争斗争斗争，抗争斗争，抗争regulationn.规章制度；规则；法规规章制度；规则；法规profitn.利益，利润利益，利润primaryadj.基本的；主要的；初级的基本的；主要的；初级的concernn.v.担心，忧虑担心，忧虑让（某人）担忧；与让（某人）担忧；与有关有关signv.n.签署；签

32、字；签（名）签署；签字；签（名）标志；迹象；符号标志；迹象；符号regulatev.（用规则条例）约束，控（用规则条例）约束，控制，管理制，管理To be continuedasbestosn.石棉石棉fibern.纤维纤维misconceptionn.错误认识，误解错误认识，误解mythn.荒诞的说法；不真实的事；荒诞的说法；不真实的事；神话神话contributev.是是的原因；捐献，捐的原因；捐献，捐赠（尤指款或物）赠（尤指款或物）hesitancyn.犹豫，踌躇犹豫，踌躇finen.v.罚金，罚款罚金，罚款处处以罚金以罚金avoidv.避免；避开避免；避开citationn.传唤，传讯

33、传唤，传讯assistantn.助理，助手；售货员助理，助手；售货员testifyv.证实；证明证实；证明congressn.国会国会statev.n.声明；陈述，说明声明；陈述，说明状态；国家；州；邦状态；国家；州；邦incentive n.刺激；激励；鼓励刺激；激励；鼓励 civil adj.民事的（非刑事的）；公民事的（非刑事的）；公民的；国家的，政府的民的；国家的，政府的 penalty n.处罚；惩罚；罚金处罚；惩罚；罚金 solution n.解决办法，处理手段解决办法，处理手段 entitle v.使享有权利，使符合资格使享有权利，使符合资格 To be continuedpos

34、ev.造成（威胁、问题等）；造成（威胁、问题等）；引起；产生引起；产生riskn.v.危险，风险危险，风险冒冒的风险（或危险）的风险（或危险）fearn.v.害怕，惧怕；担忧害怕，惧怕；担忧害怕；畏惧；惧怕害怕；畏惧；惧怕contactv.n.联系，联络联系，联络联系，联络；接触联系，联络；接触 retaliation n.报复；反击报复；反击 turn in 获得（利润）获得（利润）the Occupational Health and Safety Administration 职业安全与卫生管理局职业安全与卫生管理局the Occupational Safety and Health A

35、ct职业安全和健康法职业安全和健康法asbestos fiber 石棉纤维石棉纤维contribute to 有助于有助于according to 依据依据on behalf of 代表，为了代表，为了be entitled to 有有的资格，有权享有的资格，有权享有The Occupational Health and Safety Administration sets standards for workplace safety.职业健康和安全管理局制定车间安全标准。职业健康和安全管理局制定车间安全标准。本句的时态是一般现在时，主语是一个组织，所以谓语用的是set的第三人称单数形式set

36、s。1.概述一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态。常与usually，often，always，sometimes，everyday，once a week等时间状语连用。I go to school at 7:00 everyday.2.构成一般现在时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，应用动词的单数第三人称形式。No one sees me but you.3.用法（1）表示现在经常发生或习惯性的行为或状态一般现在时表示现在经常发生或习惯性的行为或状态，常与usually,To be continuedalways,every day,twice a week,seldom,

37、sometimes等时间状语连用。He always sleeps with the windows open.（2）一般现在时表示主语的性格、特征、能力等。She loves music.（3）一般现在时表示客观事实或普遍真理，也用在格言中。The sun rises in the east.注：主句中的谓语动词是过去时态，但宾语从句中如果所说的是客观真理，它的谓语动词仍用一般现在时。Galileo insisted that the earth goes around the sun.（4）在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中表将来的动作从句一般由when,if,after,before,as,

38、as soon as,the minute,the next time,in case,though,till,until,unless,so long as,where,whatever,whenever等引导。The volleyball match will be put off if it rains.To be continued（5）表示安排或计划好的将来的动作，只限少数几个动词：go,come,leave,start等。The train starts at 10 o clock in the morning.（6）一般现在时描述过去时间的事实 这种用法多见于叙述代或口述往事，以

39、增加描述的生动和真实感。The story describes how Walt Disney starts a company.（7）在新闻标题、小说和电影以及戏剧情节介绍、幻灯和图片的说明中常用一般现在时American Ambassador Leaves Beijing.Keys1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 1.e 2.d 3.b 4.c 5.a 1.职业健康和安全管理局制定车间安全标准。2.职业健康和安全管理局规定的第一个安全标准是有关石棉纤维。3.职工违反安全规定，最多罚款7 000美元。4.工人有权利在不构成危害的条件下工作。5.员工有权利向职业安全和健康管理局上报他们担

40、心的工作场所，不要害怕雇主的报复。You Can Choose The husband complained that his wife always cooked the same dish.One day,the husband got home and asked his wife,“My dear,what will we eat today?”The wife said,“You may select the dish today.”The husband was very glad and asked,“Which dishes are there today?”“Cabbage（卷心菜）（卷心菜）.”“The others?“None.”“Then how to select?”“Eat or not eat!”the wife said.