新能源汽车专业英语23课件.ppt

1、本章学习内容本章学习内容Chapter 2 Power Batteries of EVs 电动汽车动力电池电动汽车动力电池本章学习目标本章学习目标本章难点重点本章难点重点2.1 Basic Terminology and Types of Power Batteries 动力电池的基本术语和类型（2学时）2.2 Construction and Principle 结构与原理结构与原理2.3 Battery Management and Cooling Systems 电池管电池管理与冷却系统（理与冷却系统（2学时）学时）2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电

2、技术电池充电技术2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试（维护与测试（2学时）学时）1.1.掌握重要的电池基本术语；掌握重要的电池基本术语；2.2.掌握锂离子与镍氢电池以及管理系统的结构、原理掌握锂离子与镍氢电池以及管理系统的结构、原理和维护；和维护；3.3.了解电池充电技术了解电池充电技术1.1.重点：英文专业术语；重点：英文专业术语；2.2.难点：基本术语难点：基本术语上次课学习内容上次课学习内容2.2 Construction and Principle 结构与原理结构与原理2.3 Battery Management and Cooling Systems 电电池管理

3、与冷却系统（池管理与冷却系统（2学时）学时）回顾回顾Chapter 2 Power Batteries of EVs 电动汽车动力电池电动汽车动力电池回顾回顾2.2 Battery Construction and Principle 电池结构与原理电池结构与原理NiMH batteryLi-ion battery2.3 Battery Management and Cooling Systems 电池管理电池管理与冷却系统与冷却系统Function功用与原理功用与原理NiMH Batteries回顾回顾NiMH battery cell-cylindrical typeNiMH batter

4、y cell-prismatic typeLi-ion battery cell回顾回顾Describe the functions and basic principle of the battery management system?描述电池管理系统的功能和基本原理？描述电池管理系统的功能和基本原理？回顾回顾the primary functions of a BMS are:Under-voltage and over-voltage protections;Short circuit protection;Thermal protection;Cell balancing;Contr

5、olling battery charging and discharging;Determining battery SoC and SoH;Safety protection.Voltage,current,and temperature readings are used to determine the SoC levels of the batteries.回顾回顾朗读并说出下列各个专业词汇或词组的含义朗读并说出下列各个专业词汇或词组的含义alkaline battery碱性电池碱性电池auxiliary battery辅助蓄电池辅助蓄电池chemical reaction equa

6、tion化学反应方程化学反应方程IC engine内燃机内燃机industrial truck工业车辆工业车辆lithium cobalt oxide钴酸锂（钴酸锂（LiCoO2）lithium iron phosphate磷酸铁锂磷酸铁锂(LiFePO4)lithium nickel cobalt manganate 三元锂（镍钴锰酸锂）三元锂（镍钴锰酸锂）(LiNiCoMnO2)metal hydride金属氢化物金属氢化物回顾回顾negative electrode负极负极nickel-cadmium(Ni-Cd)battery镍镉镍镉(Ni-Cd)电池电池nickel-metal hy

7、dride(NiMH)battery镍氢镍氢(NiMH)电池电池oxidation-reduction reaction氧化还原反应氧化还原反应positive electrode正极正极steel cylinder 钢筒，钢瓶钢筒，钢瓶提问提问balancing unit平衡装置平衡装置battery controller蓄电池控制器蓄电池控制器battery management system（BMS）电池管理系统（电池管理系统（BMS）cell controller单体电池控制器单体电池控制器HV battery pack高压电池组高压电池组remaining capacity剩余容量剩

8、余容量sensing unit传感装置传感装置提问提问说出下列各个专业词汇或词组的含义说出下列各个专业词汇或词组的含义alkaline batteryauxiliary batterychemical reaction equationIC engineindustrial trucklithium cobalt oxidelithium iron phosphatelithium nickel cobalt manganate metal hydride提问提问negative electrodenickel-cadmium(Ni-Cd)batterynickel-metal hydride

9、(NiMH)batteryoxidation-reduction reactionpositive electrodesteel cylinder 提问提问balancing unitbattery controllerbattery management system（BMS）cell controllerHV battery packremaining capacitysensing unit本次课学习内容本次课学习内容Chapter 2 Power Batteries of EVs 电动汽车动力电池电动汽车动力电池本次课学习目标本次课学习目标本章难点重点本章难点重点2.4 Battery

10、 Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试（维护与测试（2学时）学时）1.1.了解电池的充电技术了解电池的充电技术2.2.掌握电池维护安全预防措施掌握电池维护安全预防措施1.1.重点：结构原理重点：结构原理2.2.难点：术语过多难点：术语过多New Words and Phrases2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术architecture :ktekt(r)n.结构结构bidirectional?badreknldj.双向的双向的degradedgredvt

11、.降低降低elaborate lbrtadj.复杂的复杂的emergingim:dadj.新兴的新兴的underbodynd?bdn.底部底部unidirectional?ju:ndreknladj.单向的单向的2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术charging rate充电率，充电速度充电率，充电速度diode bridge二极管电桥二极管电桥flux leakage漏磁漏磁off-board charging离车充电离车充电onboard charging车载充电，随车充电车载充电，随车充电parking space停车位停车位powe

12、r electronics功率电子器件，控制器功率电子器件，控制器2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术power flow 能流能流receiving coil接收线圈接收线圈transmitting coil发射线圈发射线圈wireless charging无线充电无线充电2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术2.4.12.4.1 Categories of Battery charging technology Categories of Battery charging technolo

13、gy 电池充电技术的分类电池充电技术的分类 Battery charging technologies can be categorized,broadly,into onboard and off-board charging.Both charging technologies can be further divided into two groups,where one allows only unidirectional power flow,and the other one enables bidirectional power flow.Onboard chargers are

14、 physically located in the PEV.Onboard chargers are used primarily for low charging power levels,which are typically less than 10 kW.Therefore,they do not cause battery heating and,consequently,they protect batteries health.2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术On the other hand,off-board char

15、gers are designed for higher charging rates(i.e.,10-80 kW)and therefore require more elaborate power electronics architectures.In order to facilitate high levels of charging power,additional infrastructure,such as energy storage units or three-phase lines,might become necessary.The major setback of

16、off-board chargers is that they degrade battery lifetime more quickly than the onboard ones.2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术Both onboard and off-board chargers can provide unidirectional or bidirectional power flows.Typically,unidirectional chargers have simpler hardware architecture and

17、 only allow the grid to charge the battery.Usually,unidirectional chargers employ a diode bridge,a filter,and DC-DC converters.A generic layout of these chargers is presented in Figure 2.12.Bidirectional chargers,in contrast,enable the vehicle to inject power back to the grid,which allows the PEVs t

18、o act as mobile storage units.2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术Figure 2.12 generic layout of the chargers2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术2.4.2 Wireless charging technology 2.4.2 Wireless charging technology 无线充电技术无线充电技术Wireless charging is an emerging technology and enables PE

19、Vs to charge their batteries in a contactless manner.Wireless charging has recently gained some attention mainly because it can allow power transfer between the grid and a vehicle while the vehicle is on the move.During charging,high-frequency magnetic fields between transmitting and receiving coils

20、 is required.Typically,the transmitting coils are built into a parking space and the receiving coils are attached to the underbody of the PEVs.2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术Based on this charging technology,all electric range can be extended without requiring the vehicle to spend time

21、for the charging service and the required battery size can be reduced.Other benefits of wireless charging are that it requires limited interaction with PEV owners and eliminates the hazards associated with cords and electric sparks.2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术Nevertheless,for wireles

22、s charging,the most significant concern is safety.Flux leakage between the transmitting and receiving coils might have health risks for an individual near the coils.Moreover,the efficiency of wireless chargers is lower than the wired chargers and the charging rates are typically slower than the wire

23、d ones.2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试New Words and Phrasesadheredh(r)vt.遵循，坚持遵循，坚持alkalilklan.碱碱appropriateprpritadj.适当的，合适的适当的，合适的defectivedfektvadj.有缺陷的，有瑕疵的有缺陷的，有瑕疵的depowervt.断电断电disabledseblvt.使无能力使无能力2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试extinguishkstgwvt.熄灭（火）熄灭（火）fastenerf:sn(r)n.紧固件紧固件litmus

24、ltmsn.石蕊石蕊neutralizenju:trlazvt.中和中和proceedprsi:dvi.进行进行salvage slvdn.经加工后重新利用的废物经加工后重新利用的废物2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试spillspln.溢出（物，量）溢出（物，量）stabilizesteblazvt.（使）稳定（使）稳定unloaded nlddadj.空载的空载的vinegar vng(r)n.醋醋voltmeter vltmi:t(r)n.电压表电压表workbenchw:kbentn.工作台工作台2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测

25、试维护与测试battery block电池块，电池子模块电池块，电池子模块come in into to contact with接触到接触到fire extinguisher灭火器灭火器fire fighter消防员消防员2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试Text2.5 Service and Testing 2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试2.5.1 Safety precautions2.5.1 Safety precautions Always keep in mind that the high-voltage b

26、atteries for an HEV can produce sufficient voltage and current to severely injure or kill.Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment(PPE)and use approved safety procedures when working around these batteries.Read all warning labels and always follow the vehicle manufacturers instructions.

27、2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试 Always refer to the service manual for approved safety procedures when handling the HV battery pack.Do not work on the vehicle if moisture is present on the skin or anywhere on or near the vehicle.If service must be performed on the high-voltage system,be sure to d

28、isconnect the HV battery and allow enough time for system capacitors to discharge before proceeding.2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试 The battery case contains liquid potassium hydroxide,a strong alkali solution.Any liquid around the battery should be checked with litmus paper to determine if it is

29、 an electrolyte spill.If an electrolyte spill has occurred,be sure to disable the HV system,and then use a mixture of vinegar and water to neutralize the solution before cleaning up with soap and water.If an electrical fire occurs,do not attempt to extinguish it using water.Use an ABC fire extinguis

30、her or wait for fire fighters to deal with it.2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试Remove any clothing that has come into contact with electrolyte and flush any exposed skin with large amounts of water.If electrolyte comes in contact with the eyes,flush with large amounts of water,but do not use a neut

31、ralizing solution.Be sure to seek medical advice to prevent further injury from electrolyte contact.2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试2.5.2 Battery pack service2.5.2 Battery pack servicePreparation before service Perform the following steps before starting HV battery pack service:Remove the safety d

32、isconnect switch.Wait 15 minutes for capacitors to discharge.Wear class zero gloves.Disassembling battery pack Adhere the following steps to do this during disassembling battery pack.2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试 Step 1:To depower the high-voltage system,the ignition was off and the negative ba

33、ttery cable was disconnected from the 12-volt auxiliary battery,then the HV battery safety plug was removed.Step 2:After checking that the voltage level is safe,the rear seat and HV battery cover were removed.Step 3:Remove the high-voltage wires from the battery pack while wearing HV gloves(see Figu

34、re 2.13).2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试Figure 2.13 HV gloves2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试 Step 4:Remove the HV battery pack through the rear of the vehicle.Step 5:Place the HV battery pack on a workbench that is covered with a thick rubber(insulating)mat.A wood top bench can also be used.St

35、ep 6:Perform a visual inspection,to be sure that electrical connections between battery modules are corroded,as shown in Figure 2.14.2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试Figure 2.14 Connections between battery modules are corroded2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试 Step 7:Remove the HV battery pack temp

36、erature sensors,and remove the HV battery vent tubes from the battery pack.Step 8:Remove the end caps from the battery pack.Step 9:Remove the fasteners that hold the battery modules to the base of the battery pack.Step 10:Remove the end module from the battery pack.2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试

37、Servicing battery pack After disassembling the HV battery pack,service work will involve individual battery modules.Check the voltage of each module.The individual modules were measured using a voltmeter(see Figure 2.15)and most modules were found to be about 3.6 V which is far below the minimum of

38、5.4 V that most experts think can be restored by charging.Do not use battery modules that are below 5.4 volts(10.8 V for a block)which is the lower limit on cell voltage.2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试Figure 2.15 Individual modules were measured using a voltmeter2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试

39、 If batteries are below 7.5 volts,charge at a maximum of 16 volts at 2 to 6 ampere rate.Monitor battery temperature and do not allow the battery to overheat and do not allow the temperature to exceed 120 (50).Allow the voltage to stabilize after being charged.Then record the no load voltage to be us

40、ed for the internal resistance calculation.In this example,assume a voltage of 15.21 volts.Use a high wattage resistor to apply a load to the batteries.A 1.5 ohm resistor rated at 25 watts is often used to provide a load.Apply the load resistor and measure the new voltage and current values.2.5 Serv

41、ice and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试Determine the internal resistance To determine the internal resistance of a battery block(two modules),compare the unloaded voltage to the voltage of the block under the load that was applied by the resistor,which is called the delta()or the change in the voltage*2.This dif

42、ference is then divided by the measured current(amperes)that was measured during the load test using the 1.5 ohm resistor*3.疑难句子分析*2 To determine the internal resistance of a battery block(two modules),compare the unloaded voltage to the voltage of the block under the load that was applied by the re

43、sistor,which is called the delta()or the change in the voltage.句子分析：句子分析：首先要注意固定搭配首先要注意固定搭配compare to（将（将与与进行比进行比较）。其次要注意较）。其次要注意that was applied 和和which is called 这两个定语从句，这两个定语从句，第一个定语从句的先行词是第一个定语从句的先行词是load，第二个定语从句的，第二个定语从句的which指代它前面的指代它前面的compare to the resistor 即比较的结果或差值。即比较的结果或差值。参考译文：参考译文：为确定

44、电池块为确定电池块(两个模块两个模块)的内部电阻，将电池块的空载电的内部电阻，将电池块的空载电压与通过电阻器加负载后（测得）的电压进行比较，即得到电压增量压与通过电阻器加负载后（测得）的电压进行比较，即得到电压增量即电即电压的变化量。压的变化量。2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试Determine the internal resistance To determine the internal resistance of a battery block(two modules),compare the unloaded voltage to the volt

45、age of the block under the load that was applied by the resistor,which is called the delta()or the change in the voltage*2.This difference is then divided by the measured current(amperes)that was measured during the load test using the 1.5 ohm resistor*3.疑难句子分析*3 This difference is then divided by t

46、he measured current(amperes)that was measured during the load test using the 1.5 ohm resistor.句子分析：句子分析：句末的句末的that 是一个定语从句，是一个定语从句，that的先行词是的先行词是current.参考译文：参考译文：然后将这个差值除以用然后将这个差值除以用1.5欧姆电阻在负载试验中测得的电欧姆电阻在负载试验中测得的电流流(安培安培)。2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试 For example,if the current is 9.6 amps wit

47、h voltage at 15.50 volts,then the internal resistance is:0.29 volts(15.50 15.21)9.6 A=0.0302 or 30 milliohms.This tested salvage battery can be used to replace a defective battery module in a vehicle that has battery block resistance of 25 to 35 milliohms.Always try to match the internal resistance

48、as close as possible.2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试Charge a HV battery pack When a HV battery pack needs to be recharged off vehicle,a special HV battery charger must be used.Before connecting the charger,wear insulated gloves and remove the service plug.Keep the ignition key in your pocket for

49、safety.Connect the charger to the HV battery pack as shown in Figure 2.16.2.5 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试Figure 2.16 2004&later Prius HV battery charger connection points小小 结结2.4 Battery Charging Technology 电池充电技术电池充电技术 Categories of Battery charging technology Wireless charging technology 2.5 Se

50、rvice and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试 Safety precautions Battery pack service Disassembling Servicing Determine the internal resistance Charge作业作业o What are the two categories of battery charging technology?蓄电池充电技术分为哪两类蓄电池充电技术分为哪两类？o Describe the basic principles of wireless charging technology?描述无线充电技术的基本原理