工程管理专业外语ppt课件.ppt

1、11Sept,2011工程管理专业英语工程管理专业英语YANG LIQIONGSchool of Civil engineering and Architecture,SWUSTSpecial Englishfor Engineering Management22What is Design Process?What are the factors affecting the design process in construction?Discussion for warm-up:33Factors Type of Construction EnvironmentalTimeLegal Fi

2、nancial How long it may take to finish the work-Building regulations-Wood,Steel,Concrete,Masonry Contamination of soil and water44The Integrated Design Process The whole building design process,includes the active and continuing participation of users,code officials,building technologists,cost consu

3、ltants,civil engineers,mechanical and electrical engineers,structural engineers,specifications specialists,and consultants from many specialized fields.The best buildings result from active,consistent,organized collaboration among all players.55Principles assure the best result 66Design processuSche

4、matic Design phase uDesign Development phaseuStructural design uConstruction Documents phaseuShop drawings Whether the project is residential or commercial,institutional or private,the design process is generally the same.The design process is a series of steps that moves one from the larger(macro)i

5、ssues of style,context,opportunities and constraints to the smaller(micro)issues involving the selection of plants and materials and ultimately the installation process.77Schematic Design phasep In this beginning phase the consultant(landscape architect)has just met the client and starts the process

6、 of gaining an understanding of the clients needs,the sites opportunities and constraints,and the context of the project within the surrounding landscape.p From this the landscape architect will begin to formulate the basic layout for the design.Typically,these ideas are presented in some loose grap

7、hic form with a drawing or series of drawings and sketches or photo images from a garden book that best explains the essence of the design without being too specific.p With the landscape architects presentation of the advantages and disadvantages of the various ideas,the client is able to make gener

8、al choices favoring one design over another or possibly selecting elements from several to be incorporated into a new design.As this process of refining the design takes shape,the landscape architect also addresses a particular designs ramifications in relation to city approvals and permitting or co

9、sts.Once the client has approved of a schematic design it is time to move on the next phase.8899Design Development phasep The next phase is sometimes called Design Development and is a process where the landscape architect begins to delve deeper into the specifics of a design.The design is refined a

10、nd tightened,the specifics of how something will be built or what materials could be used is addressed and costs become clearer.p In many cases,elevations or sections through various features or elements are included to give a greater visual explanation where a 2 dimensional plan couldnt.Where the s

11、chematic plan may only identify a tree on the plan,the design development will identify the species and size or a selection of species to be discussed.This is a difficult step in that a lot of decisions are made about the look of the project.p The landscape architect brings to the client his experti

12、se in the myriad of materials,colors and finishes and construction techniques and advises the client in creating a cohesive design style.When the design is finalized and many of the decisions are made,the landscape architect will elect to move on to the creation of drawings and documents that outlin

13、e the specifics of the layout and materials that a contractor can provide an accurate bid for construction.1010Regional Location Map 1111General Plan1212Floor Plan Elevation Section 1313Construction Documents phasep The Construction Documents phase is the formal aspect of a landscape architects role

14、 in that they create official documents that can be stamped with an official State sanctioned seal as conforming to the standards set forth by the state and governing board.p In this phase,a landscape architect will create a series of drawings that address a particular aspect of the design,i.e.,an i

15、rrigation plan,a planting plan,a paving plan,a lighting plan,etc.These plans are sometimes accompanied by detail plans that offer specific information about a particular features construction or material that is used in the project.Specifications are included as a supplemental written explanation in

16、 the form of a booklet of a materials sources,standards,and required practices for installation.p All of these plans and specifications are meant to both explain to a contractor what the final project is to look like and how and what he needs to provide to achieve it.Once the plans are completed,the

17、 next step is to select a contractor and this can sometimes be included in this phase or be its own phase depending on the complexity of the project.1414Construction drawing1515Electrical construction drawings Water supply and drainage construction plans 1616Translation Design and Construction as an

18、 Integrated System(P30-33)1717个人道德素养个人道德素养1818 做好個人道德素養；不要因為貪小便宜，貪一時方便而不顧道德品行丟失把人格尊嚴都降低了。1919 因為一個人把道德品質丟失了，再想建立起來將是萬分的困難。2020所以每個人都應該尊首道德底線，不應敗壞基本道德品質。2121以下是公司裡面出現的不好的現象：1、厕所紙巾偷到宿舍去用2、車間應急藥箱裡面的藥偷走（偷盜行為可恥）2222以下是公司裡面出現的不好的現象：1、公共场所随意扔垃圾2、電視房垃圾亂丟2323以下是公司裡面出現的不好的現象：恶意损坏公共财物2424以下是公司裡面出現的不好的現象：吃饭不要浪废

19、食物2525道德與生活道德與生活從字義看兩者的意義與差別:1、倫理的意義倫理的意義:倫類別、關係；理紋理、道理。倫理人類社會裡種種身分間合理的關係，行為分際(做人要守本分做人要守本分)。(哪些人際關係、身分)2、道德的意義道德的意義:道道路、道理；德獲得。道德走人走的道路，便可獲得人的待遇。(不走捷徑、不誤入歧途尊嚴、榮譽)人道人道 (ps.如何批評一個人罔顧為人?)2626道德與生活道德與生活1、利己利己:理性認識到遵守規範有利於己。(奸商/信譽商人)2、利人利人:追求人性中的真、善、美。(崇高的可能性)。(愛人者人恆愛之，敬人者人恆敬之；德不孤必有鄰。)(典範在夙昔-林靖娟、鐵達尼號的樂師、德雷莎修女、史懷德.)3、利己利人利己利人:兼顧自我理想與社會進步。Bill Gates?不做”損人利己”之事。Ps.回想郭爾堡的道德認知理論、馬斯洛的需求層次理論。2727-THE END-