2020年河南中考英语复习课件专题十六　词语运用.pptx

1、A组 20152019年河南中考题组 一、(2019河南) 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词 限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。 boy promise from during door big because hour take there when like The summer holiday was coming but Zach was a little sad. He would have to move 1 the holiday, leaving his friends and his tree house. The t

2、ree house was Zachs favorite place to go to when he wanted to be alone. He also liked 2 his friends there. They would play for 3 . Zach told his mom, “I dont want to move. Im going to miss my friends. Im also going to miss my tree 7 his mom. Zach wasnt so sure.,house. I want to take it with me.”“Zac

3、h, but we have to 4 your fathers changed his job. He is already 5 waiting for us. You will have a much 6 bedroom, and you will meet new friends at your new school,” When Zach and his mom arrived, Dad took Zach to the backyard. There, Zach saw a big tree house. “Wow!” Zach shouted. “This is great!”Al

4、l of a sudden, Zach heard a 8 voice.“Are you moving in?My name is Joey and I live next 9 . Can I have a look at your tree house?” “I think Im going to 10 it here after all!”Zach told his mom and dad that night. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案,语篇解读 Zach有点伤感,因为舍不得离开他的朋友和树屋。但令他感到欣喜的是,新家的后院也有一间树屋。 1.d

5、uring during the holiday在假期期间。 2.taking 句意:他也喜欢把朋友带到那里。take sb. there把某人带到那里。 3.hours 句意:他们会玩几个小时。for hours几个小时。hour小时,为可数名词,必须用复数。 4.because 根据语境“但是我们不得不搬走,因为你的爸爸已经换了工作”,可知此处应该填表原因的从 属连词because。 5.there 此处表示“他已经在那里等我们了”。 6.bigger a much bigger bedroom一间更大的卧室。much后可跟形容词的比较级形式。 7.promised 根据语境可知,此处表示

6、过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。 8.boys a boys voice一个男孩的声音。 9.door live next door住在隔壁。 10.like 此处表示“喜欢”,故填like。,二、(2018河南) 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词 限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。 so only ask friend three her talk start because later like interest,Once, there was a little girl named Meredith. Meredith enjoy

7、ed spending 1 free time with her friends, but there was something different about Meredith. She was always interested in things 2 chemistry and histo- ry. Meredith never wanted to 3 about these interests because she was afraid she would be judged(评头论足). She always learned more about these topics whe

8、n she was by herself, 4 no one could find out about this. One day, a new girl, Josie, joined her sixth-grade class, and the new girl was 5 to say three things about her- self. Josie stood up and 6 to talk about her interests. First, she said she was 7 in reading and writing sto- ries. Second, she sa

9、id she liked history. 8 ,she said she enjoyed chemistry. Merediths eyes lit up with joy. Finally, she had found someone who had common interests as her. 9 that day, Meredith found Josie in the playground and ran over to talk to her. They immediately(立即) became 10 and started to play at each other s

10、houses on the weekend. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案,语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章向我们讲述了一位叫作Meredith的小姑娘,由于自己的爱好是化学和历史,所以担心被大家评头论足。没想到在一次偶然的情况下,Meredith居然结交到了和她有着共同爱好的Josie,两人迅速成了好朋友。 1.her 空后是 free time,中心词是名词,名词前用形容词或者形容词性物主代词修饰。所给词中无词义合 适的形容词但有形容词性物主代词her,所以该空填her。 2.like 空前内容意为“她总是对一些事情感兴趣”,空后内容意为“化学和历史”

11、,说明在进一步展开对 哪些事物感兴趣,所以该空填like,意为“像,例如”。句意:她总是对像化学和历史这样的事物感兴趣。 3.talk 空前有不定式符号to,因此该空应填动词原形,又因为该空后有about,能与它搭配并符合句意的动词 是talk。句意:Meredith从不想谈论这些兴趣,因为她害怕被评头论足。,4.so 该空前后是两个并列分句,因此该空应填连词,第二个分句表示结果,因此用so连接。句意:因为她总 是在独自一人时才学习关于这些主题的更多内容,所以没有人会发现这件事。 5.asked 句意:一天,一个新来的女孩 Josie加入了(Meredith所在的)六年级的班级,她被要求说出三

12、件关于 她自己的事情。该空前为be动词,该空后的“to say”是不定式形式,所以该空应填动词。根据句意本空填 asked,用被动语态, be asked to do sth.被要求做某事。 6.started 句意:Josie站起来开始谈论她的爱好。该空后为不定式结构,所以该空应填动词。根据句意可知 此处填start,又因空前的and连接两个并列谓语,前后时态应保持一致,因此填started。 7.interested 句意:首先,她说她对读写故事感兴趣。根据固定搭配以及句意可知该空填 interested。 be in- terested in.对感兴趣。,8.Third 根据前两句中的“

13、First”和“Second”可知本空填Third。句意:第三,她说她喜欢化学。 9.Later 句意:那天晚些时候, Meredith发现 Josie在操场上就跑过去和她聊天。该空后为“that day”,由此 可知表示时间,根据句意应填Later。 10.friends 句意:她们立即成了朋友,并开始周末时在彼此家里玩。该空前 became意为“变成,成为”,是 系动词,后加名词或形容词。所给词中没有形容词只能填名词,根据句意可知填名词复数friends。 长难句 Finally,she had found someone who had common interests as her.最

14、后,她找到了一个和她有着共同爱好的人。 本句是主从复合句。定语从句who had common interests as her修饰先行词someone。,知识拓展 immediately adv.立即;light up with joy笑逐颜开 词汇积累 judge v.(尤指以不公正或批评的方式)(对)作出评价,三、(2017河南) 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词 限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。 I so know nervous Jimmy but happy with answer understand look much

15、 Nine-year-old Jimmy was given a task in school to write a story on“My familys ancestors(祖先)”. The pur- pose was for the kids to 1 their family history. In search of some 2 for his task, Jimmy interviewed his grandmother who of course 3 nothing about the reason why Jimmy asked such questions. When s

16、he was asked,“Granny, where did I come from?”his grandma was quite 4 . Why didnt he ask his parents?She had to be quite careful when talking 5 a kid about such a subject. She wanted to buy some time, 6 she replied,“Well, sweetie, the stork(鹳鸟)brought you.” She said no 7 , hoping that the subject wou

17、ld be dropped until Jimmys parents came back.,“So, where did Mom come from?” “The stork brought her also.” “Well, then where did you come from?” “The stork brought 8 too, sweetie.” “All right, thanks, Granny.” 9 grandmother did not think anything more about his questions. Three days later, when she

18、was tidying up and 10 at Jimmys desk, she read the first sentence of his paper,“For three generations(辈)there have been no natural births in our family.” 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案,语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。九岁大的吉米为完成学校布置的任务写一篇自己家族的故事,而去询问祖母一些问题。祖母的回答令人啼笑皆非,才出现了文末最后一句的笑话。 1.understand 根据句意“目的是让孩子们了解他们家族的历

19、史”可知。 2.answers 根据句意“为了给他的任务寻求一些答案”可知。 3.knew know nothing about对一无所知。 4.nervous 根据下句可知吉米的祖母相当紧张。 5.with talk with.和交谈。 6.so 前后分句为因果关系,故填so。,7.more 此处表示“没再说什么”。故填more。 8.me 此处作brought的宾语,故用I的宾格形式。 9.Jimmys Jimmys grandmother吉米的祖母,需要用所有格形式。 10.looking looking at和tidying up是并列关系,故用动词的-ing形式。 长难句 She s

20、aid no more, hoping that the subject would be dropped until Jimmys parents came back.她不再多说什么, 希望这个话题就此打住,直到吉米的父母回来。现在分词短语hoping.作伴随状语。that引导的是宾语从句,宾语从句中含有一个until引导的时间状语从句。 知识拓展 task n.任务;purpose n.目的 词汇积累ancestor n.祖先;generation n.一代,一辈,四、(2016河南) 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。 always talk cou

21、nt I below friend or people send free around and Next time youre in a public place, take a look around you. And 1 how many people are using their phones. I can tell you now that it is probably more than half, whether youre on a bus, in a caf 2 simply walking down the street. Im not saying that I am

22、not an example of this, but it 3 amazes(使惊愕) me how people can spend so much time on their phones without 4 to others. Has it gone too far? Recently, my smart phone broke and had to be 5 off for repair for a week or so. I had to use a really old, ba- sic phone just to keep me in touch with my family

23、 and 6 . All I could do on this phone was to send text mes-,sages, make calls and play one game. And I loved it. I loved being 7 from the Internet, and I really didnt mind not having updates(更新) about what my friends were doing. It allowed 8 to spend more time enjoying my time in London and watching

24、 the people 9 me and really see what was going on. However, I knew that as soon as I got my smart phone back I would be one of those 10 once again. Perhaps I should just go back to using the basic phone and forget I ever got my smart phone back. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案,语篇解读 本文中作者介绍了自己由于把智能

25、手机送去修理,而享受到的远离网络的自由感。 1.count 根据句意“数一数有多少人正在使用他们的手机”可知。 2.or whether.or.不管还是。 3.always 此处表示“总是使我感到惊愕”。 4.talking talk to跟谈话,without(没有)后接动词的-ing形式。 5.sent send off把寄出去,其被动形式为be sent off。 6.friends keep me in touch with my family and friends使我和我的家人及朋友保持联络。 7.free be free from从中获得自由/解放出来。,8.me 动词allow

26、后接代词的宾格形式。 9.around watch the people around me观看我周围的人。 10.people 我知道,我一取回我的智能手机,我就会又成为他们中的一员。,解题关键 这类题型有两个关键点:(1)根据语境,选择正确的单词;(2)作进一步的变形,用单词的正确形式 填空。 长难句 All I could do on this phone was to send text messages, make calls and play one game.用这部手机,我所能做的是发短信,打电话和玩一款游戏。 主语是All,后面有一个省略that的定语从句,动词不定式作表语。A

27、ll(that)/what sb. can do.is(to)do.某人所 能做的是。,五、(2015河南) 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用 一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。 say way star long though popular he hand call make because between Are you still doing the V for victory sign?Its out.The latest popular hand gesture(手势)is putting both of your hand

28、s together to make a heart shape.It is 1 “hand heart”. Many young pop 2 in the US have done the move in recent photos.“Thehand heartgesture means something 3 I love youandthank you,”said Taylor Swift,the country singer.“You can send a sweet,simple message without 4 a word.”Swift often does it at her

29、 concerts.And she is believed to be the first to 5 it popular.,Last month,Justin Bieber and 6 superstar friends did the “hand heart” and put the photos online. They did it to help out three kids whose parents were killed in a car accident. It used to take much 7 for nonverbal(非言语的)culture to move.Bu

30、t now,it moves faster 8 we have smart phones and the Internet. In the Republic of Korea,the“hand heart”has been 9 for a long time,but in a different 10 . People there put their hands above their heads and make a bigger heart shape with their arms.It means“I love you”. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,

31、答案,语篇解读 你还在使用V这个表示胜利的手势吗?你落伍了。许多明星把两只手放在一起做出心形的手势来表示感谢和爱。 1.called be called被叫作。 2.stars 由前面的Many可知要用star的复数形式。pop stars流行音乐歌星。 3.between between.and.在和之间。 4.saying without是介词,后接动名词。say a word说一句话。 5.make make it popular使它受欢迎。 6.his 根据语境,此处应该填一个形容词性物主代词,而在提示词中,只有he可以变成相应的his。,7.longer 此处表示“过去传播非言语文化

32、通常需要更长的时间”。 8.because 根据句意“但现在,非言语文化传播得快多了,因为我们有智能手机和网络”可知。 9.popular popular受欢迎的。 10.way in a different way以一种不同的方式。,易错警示 第2题学生易误用名词单数;第7题易误用形容词的原级。 长难句 They did it to help out three kids whose parents were killed in a car accident.他们这么做是为了帮助父母死于一起车祸的三个孩子。 本句是主从复合句。动词不定式to help out three kids作目的状语,

33、help out的宾语three kids后跟了一个由 whose引导的定语从句。,B组 20152019年全国中考题组 一、(2019天津) 根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使文章意思完整。每空限填一词。 The villagers in Mhangeni, Africa, faced a very big challenge(挑战). They didnt have a school for their kids. Then the village elder thought of an i 1 . He said that there was an old, abandoned(

34、废弃的)farmhouse. It could be changed into classrooms after cleaning and furnishing(装设备)it. All the villagers were p 2 with his suggestion and started the project immediately. The parents repaired the broken walls. Some villagers d 3 the house into three classrooms by using pieces of wood. The others h

35、elped make desks and chairs for the students. Still, there was much more work to do. But the rains were coming. They had to s 4 working for the school as it was now the best time for them to plant. So the children of Mhangeni decided to finish the house by t 5 . They had to hurry as summer had ended

36、 and other schools had already opened. They didnt want to delay(耽搁)their studies. Every day they were busy with work like cutting the grass and clearing the bushes(灌木).,The news about the project s 6 and many people knew it. Two teachers who worked for the countrys De- partment of Education arrived

37、to help out, and two foreign visitors were also touched(感动)by the childrens a 7 . They donated money for them to buy textbooks and stationery. After 10 days of hard work, the new school was r 8 . The kids were very happy but a bit worriedthey were behind in their studies. Besides(除之外)this, they also

38、 faced many d 9 . There were not enough classrooms to hold all the stu- dents. And two or three students had to share one book. However, the children are happy to study in schoole 10 in their new school which they helped to build. Though their school might not be modern, their dream of having a scho

39、ol near their homes has come true.,答案,语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在非洲的一个小山村里发生的事。这个地方没有学校,人们经过重重困难,把一个废弃的农舍改造成教室。他们的事迹感动了很多人,人们纷纷伸出援助之手,使孩子们实现了就近上学的梦想。 1.idea 村子里的长者想出了一个办法。由“想出”及首字母提示可知本空填idea。 2.pleased 所有的村民对他的建议都很满意。be pleased with对很满意,故本空填pleased。 3.divided 句意:一些村民用木板把这个房子分成了三个教室。divide.into把分成。因为文章主体时

40、态是一般过去时,故本空填divided。 4.stop 句意:他们不得不停止(建造)学校的工作,因为现在是他们种植的最佳时间。 stop doing sth.停止做 某事,由句意及首字母提示可知本空填stop。 5.themselves by oneself靠某人自己。由前文可知,因为村民要去种庄稼,所以没有人再去建造学校,于是孩 子们决定自己完成余下的工作,故本空填themselves。 6.spread 句意:关于这项工程的消息传播开来,很多人都知道了它。spread 传播,蔓延,一般指消息的传播、 疾病的蔓延。从The news可知用spread,故本空填spread。,7.action

41、s 两个外国游客也被孩子们的行为感动了。由此可知应用action,又因action作“行为”讲时为可 数名词,故本题填其复数形式actions。 8.ready 句意:经过十天的努力工作,新的学校准备就绪了。由句意及首字母提示可知本空填ready。 9.difficulties 句意:除此之外,他们也面临许多困难。根据句意可知应用difficulty。difficulty 困难,是名词, 因前面有修饰词many,故本空应用其复数形式difficulties。 10.especially 孩子们在学校很开心地学习,尤其是在他们帮忙建造的新学校。especially特别,尤其。 长难句 They

42、had to stop working for the school as it was now the best time for them to plant.他们不得不停 止(建造)学校的工作,因为现在是他们种植的最佳时间。as在这里引导原因状语从句,意思是“因为”。,二、(2019河北) 根据短文内容及所给提示,在文中的横线上填写一个正确的单词。 I have a photo album(相册). Its a present from my classmateDavid. I got to know David on the1. (two)day of middle school. We

43、 both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, 2.s we always had a lot of things to talk about. Once I traveled with him to his hometown in the countryside. He showed me 3.a and I saw many interesting things. We had a 4. (wonder)time. It is really nice to have such 5. good classmate. However,

44、 last summer,David 6. (go)to another city because of his fathers job. Before leaving, he gave 7. (I)a photo album.“It has the memorable events we have experienced together. I have also written some 8. (note) under each of these photos,”he said. I was 9. (deep)moved.,I always look at the album when I

45、 think 10. David. I really miss him.,答案,语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。本文以一本相册为线索,讲述了我和同学David 之间的友谊。 1.second 句意:我在上中学的第二天认识了David。本空考查序数词,由句意可知应填second。 2.so 句意:我们俩都喜欢打篮球和集邮,因此我们总是有很多可聊的东西。根据句意可知本题考查表示因 果关系的连词,故填so。 3.around 句意:他带领我四处参观,我看到了很多有趣的东西。此处使用了show sb. around“带领某人参 观”这个固定短语,故本空应填around。 4.wonderful 句意:我们

46、玩得非常开心。本句考查固定短语have a wonderful time,故填wonderful。 5.a 句意:有这么好的一个同学真的很好。本句考查“such+a/an+adj.+n.”结构,由此可知本空填不定冠词 a。 6.went 句意:然而,去年夏天David因为他爸爸的工作而去了另外一个城市。根据last summer可知本空应 用一般过去时,故本空填went。,7.me 句意:在离开前,他给了我一本相册。此处使用了“give sb. sth.”结构,由此可知本空应填人称代词 的宾格形式,故本空填me。 8.notes note为可数名词,表示“注释”,由本空前的some可知本空应用

47、复数形式,故本空填notes。 9.deeply 句意:我被深深地感动了。本空应用副词deeply修饰动词,由此可知本空填deeply。 10.of 句意:当我想起David的时候,我总是看看相册。固定短语think of 意为“想起”,结合本句句意可知 本空应填of。,三、(2019福建) 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意 义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Before paper was invented, people wrote or drew on materials such as bamboo, 1 /slk/

48、, animal hide, and wooden blocks. Writing materials were 2 (real) expensive and few people learned to read. Therefore, few people wrote. This all changed, thanks 3 a man named Cai Lun. Paper had already existed(存在) in China, but the process for 4 (produce) it was difficult and the paper was of low quality. Cai Lun began experimenting(试验) with many different materials and different 5 (method) to turn those materials into paper. In the year 105, he made it from tree bark, bamboo, cloth rags, and fishing nets. His paper was 6 (strong) and cheaper than any paper that ha