2020年河北中考英语复习课件专题六　动词和动词短语.pptx

1、A组 20152019年河北中考题组,1.(2019河北,31)On the first day of Chinese New Year, we new clothes and visit people. A.pick up B.put on C.take off D.throw away,答案 B 句意:在春节的第一天,我们会穿上新衣服、走亲访友。本题考查动词短语辨析。A选项意为 “拾起”;B选项意为“穿上”; C选项意为“脱下”; D选项意为“扔掉”。根据春节习俗可知,此处应该 是“穿上新衣服”,故本题选择B。,2.(2018河北,32)Can you help me the pen? I

2、ts under your chair. A.ask for B.look for C.pick up D.put up,答案 C 句意:你能帮我捡起那支钢笔吗?它在你的椅子下面。本题考查动词短语辨析。A选项意为“请 求;要求”;B选项意为“寻找”;C选项意为“拾起;捡起”;D选项意为“张贴”。由句意可知本题选择C。,易错警示 审题时如果把题干错误地理解成两个人的对话,即“你能帮我找找我的钢笔吗?它在 你的椅子下面。”则本题极易错选B。所以一定要注意审清题干的内容,不要犯主观臆断的错误。,3.(2017河北,29)Grandfather lives with us. We all him. A

3、.look at B.look for C.look after D.look like,答案 C 句意:爷爷和我们住在一起。我们都照顾他。本题考查易混动词短语。look at意为“看”;look for意为“寻找”;look after意为“照顾”;look like意为“看起来像”。由句意可知本题选择C。,4.(2016河北,34)The air fresh after the rain. And the sky is blue. A.feels B.tastes C.smells D.sounds,知识拓展 人有五感,这五种感觉分别对应着五个感官动词,feel意为“摸起来”;look意为

4、“看起来”; sound意为“听起来”;smell意为“闻起来”;taste意为“尝起来”。感官动词的三个特点:(1)后面加形容 词;(2)没有被动语态;(3)用助动词提问和否定。,5.(2016河北,39)We need to do some research to the answer. A.find out B.look out C.hand out D.take out,答案 A 句意:我们需要做一些研究来找到答案。本题考查动词短语辨析。find out找到,发现;look out 当 心,留神;hand out分发,给予;take out取出。根据句意可知,答案为A项。,答案 C 句

5、意:雨后空气闻起来是新鲜的。并且天空是蓝色的。本题考查动词辨析。feel摸起来;taste尝 起来;smell闻起来;sound听起来。根据句意可知选C。,知识拓展 人有五感,这五种感觉分别对应着五个感官动词,feel意为“摸起来”;look意为“看起来”; sound意为“听起来”;smell意为“闻起来”;taste意为“尝起来”。感官动词的三个特点:(1)后面加形容 词;(2)没有被动语态;(3)用助动词提问和否定。,5.(2016河北,39)We need to do some research to the answer. A.find out B.look out C.hand o

6、ut D.take out,答案 A 句意:我们需要做一些研究来找到答案。本题考查动词短语辨析。find out找到,发现;look out 当 心,留神;hand out分发,给予;take out取出。根据句意可知,答案为A项。,知识拓展 其他包含out的常见动词短语还有:work out算出,解决; sell out卖光;break out爆发; carry out实施; give out分发,发出; put out熄灭; come out出版,出现; point out指出; drop out辍学; spread out散开; clear out清 理; die out灭绝。,6.(2

7、015河北,35)This food is free.You dont have to it. A.look for B.pay for C.ask for D.wait for,答案 B 句意:这种食物免费。你不必为它付钱。本题考查动词短语。look for寻找;pay for 为付钱; ask for要求;wait for等待。根据题干中的free可知答案为B项。,解题关键 本题考查“动词+for”组成的动词短语,解题关键是熟知四个选项的含义以及对题干中 “free”的理解。题干中的“free”为形容词,意为“免费的”,它还有“空闲的,自由的”的含义。,知识拓展 其他包含for的常见动词短

8、语还有:leave for动身去; search for 搜寻; stand for 代表; work for为 工作; call for(去)接,要求; care for 喜欢,照顾。,B组 20152019年全国中考题组,题组一 动词词义辨析,1.(2019天津,24)We should making a noise in the library. A.avoid B.prefer C.practise D.enjoy,答案 A 句意:我们应该避免在图书馆制造噪音。本题考查动词词义辨析。avoid 避免;prefer 更喜欢; practise 练习;enjoy 喜欢,享受。由句意可知本题

9、选择A。,2.(2019安徽,37)Hello, Beijing Hotel. Can I help you? Yes, Id like to a single room for two nights. A.enter B.move C.book D.provide,答案 C 句意:您好,这里是北京旅馆。我能为您效劳吗?是的,我想预订一个单人间,住两晚。本 题考查动词词义辨析。A选项意思为“进入”;B选项意思为“移动”;C选项意思为“预订”;D选项意思 为“提供”。故选C。,知识拓展 book作为名词,意思是“书”;作为动词,意思是“预订”。,3.(2019江西,29)Youll have t

10、o the books because there arent enough for everyone. A.pack B.sell C.choose D.share,答案 D 句意:你们将不得不共享这些书,因为这些书不够每个人用。本题考查动词词义辨析。pack 打 包;sell 出售;choose选择;share分享,共享。故选择D。,4.(2019湖北武汉,34)I wont tell this to anyone. ? A.Agree B.Guess C.Hope D.Promise,答案 D 句意:我不会把这件事情告诉任何人。你保证?本题考查动词词义辨析。A:同意;B:猜; C:希望;

11、D:许诺。只有D项符合语境。,审题技巧 通过题干中I wont tell.to.可知,需要保守秘密。所以考生应该联想到“承诺,许诺,保证”等 意义的词汇。,5.(2019湖北武汉,36)Have you chemistry for the coming exam? Yes. Im quite ready for it. A.repeated B.copied C.marked D.reviewed,答案 D 句意:你为即将到来的考试复习化学了吗?是的,我已经准备好了。本题考查动词的词 义辨析。A:重复;B:复制;C:做记号;D:复习。根据语境“即将到来的考试”可知,应该选择“复习”, 故本 题

12、选择D。,6.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特,3)Jack, lets have a picnic after school. Sorry. I have Frank to work on the biology report with him. A.advised B.expected C.suggested D.promised,答案 D 句意:杰克,咱们放学以后去野餐吧。对不起,我已经答应Frank和他一起做生物报告 了。本题考查动词词义辨析。advise建议;expect期待;suggest建议;promise承诺。根据句意可知,D项符合题意。,7.(2019新疆,31)Mum likes

13、soap operas. Lets buy a TV for her. A.becoming B.watching C.looking D.smelling,答案 B 句意:妈妈喜欢看肥皂剧。让我们给她买台电视吧!本题考查动词词义辨析。A选项意为“变得, 变成”;B选项意为“观看”;C选项意为“看”,为不及物动词;D选项意为“闻”。根据句意及词的搭配可 知选B。,知识拓展 关于watch的固定搭配:watch TV/a movie看电视/电影;watch a football match观看一场足球赛; watch out 当心,小心;watch sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事;wat

14、ch sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事;be on the watch小心提防,警戒。,8.(2018天津,23)I am afraid we cannot to take a taxi. Lets go by underground instead. A.refuse B.afford C.forget D.fall,答案 B 句意:恐怕我们支付不起坐出租车。让我们坐地铁代替吧。此题考查动词辨析。refuse拒绝,af- ford支付得起,forget忘记,fall开始变成。根据上下句语境理解可以选出B。,9.(2018安徽,34)Im afraid I might forge

15、t to buy the bread after work. Dont worry. I will you then. A.notice B.allow C.remind D.promise,答案 C 句意:恐怕下班后我可能会忘记买面包。不用担心。到时候我会提醒你。本题考查动 词的词义辨析。根据句意可知选C。notice注意到;allow允许;promise承诺。,10.(2018湖北武汉,34)Who the computer? Sorry, Ive no idea. But it has changed the world greatly. A.invented B.discovered

16、C.made D.played,答案 A 句意:谁发明了电脑?对不起,我不知道。但是它已经大大地改变了世界。本题考查动 词词义辨析。A选项意为“发明”;B选项意为“发现”;C选项意为“制造”;D选项意为“玩;播放”。根 据句意可知本题选择A。,11.(2018新疆,30)Wow, your sweater is very beautiful!How much is it? Thank you. It me 30 dollars. A.spend B.paid C.cost D.take,答案 C 句意:哇,你的毛衣非常漂亮!多少钱?谢谢。它花了我30美元。本题考查动词辨析。 “sth. cos

17、ts(sb.)+金钱”意为“某物花了(某人)多少钱”。,知识拓展 spend, pay, cost, take表“花费”时的常用结构: sb.+spends time/money on sth.;sth. costs(sb.)+money;sb. pays+money+for sth.;It takes sb. some time to do sth.。,12.(2017天津,35)The cheese doesnt good. Why dont we go to buy some fresh cheese? Sounds great! A.see B.find C.sound D.taste

18、,答案 D 句意:这奶酪尝起来不好。我们为什么不去买一些新鲜的奶酪呢?听起来不错!本题考 查动词词义辨析。A项意为“看见”,B项意为“找到”,C项意为“听起来”,D项意为“尝起来”。根据 句意应选D项。,13.(2017重庆,32)There are so many fish swimming in the pool. They very happy. A.taste B.smell C.sound D.look,答案 D 句意:池塘里有这么多鱼在游。它们看起来很高兴。本题考查动词词义辨析。taste尝起来;smell 闻起来;sound听起来;look看起来。根据句意可知选D项。,14.(2

19、017河南,32)The plane on the ground for two more hours because of the bad weather. A.ran B.moved C.shook D.remained,答案 D 句意:因为糟糕的天气,飞机在地面上又停留了两个小时。本题考查动词词义辨析。run跑;move 移动;shake摇动;remain停留。根据句意可知选D项。,15.(2017安徽,37)It is necessary for schools to the need of all the students development. A.cut B.hide C.re

20、fuse D.satisfy,答案 D 句意:对于学校来说,满足所有学生的发展需求是必要的。本题考查动词的词义辨析。cut切,割; hide躲藏;refuse拒绝;satisfy满足。satisfy the need of.满足的需求。故选 D项。,16.(2017湖北武汉,37)I didnt mean to trouble Curry yesterday.It was pouring with rain so I his offer of a lift. A.refused B.received C.allowed D.accepted,答案 D 句意:昨天我没有打算麻烦Curry。当时正

21、下着瓢泼大雨,所以我接受了他的搭乘顺风车的建 议。本题考查动词的辨析。refuse拒绝;receive收到;allow允许;accept接受;accept ones offer 接受某人的建 议。故选D项。,17.(2017云南,26)Youd better more time talking with your parents so that they can understand you bet- ter. A.spend B.take C.cost D.pay,答案 A 句意:你最好多花些时间跟你的父母进行交谈,以便他们可以更好地理解你。本题考查动词的辨 析。It takes sb. s

22、ome time to do sth.某事花费某人多长时间;cost价格为;pay支付。根据spend time/money do- ing sth.的结构可知应该选择spend。,18.(2017内蒙古包头,32)How about some more ice cream? No, thanks. Its very good, but I have to my weight, you know. A.prevent B.watch C.refuse D.keep,答案 B 句意:再吃些冰激凌怎么样?不了,谢谢。它很好吃,但是你知道我必须注意我的体重。 本题考查动词词义辨析。prevent 阻

23、止;watch 注意;refuse 拒绝;keep 保持。根据句意选B。,19.(2016天津,36)Would you like to try some pizza? Yes,please.It lovely and nice. A.sounds;sees B.hears;turns C.looks;smells D.sounds;watches,答案 C 句意:你想尝一些比萨饼吗?是的,它看起来很好,闻起来味道不错。本题考查动词辨 析。look看起来,smell闻起来。,20.(2016安徽,40)For our own safety, its important to the traff

24、ic rules on the way to school. A.follow B.change C.make D.break,答案 A 句意:为了我们自己的安全,在上学路上遵守交通规则是重要的。 本题考查动词辨析。follow遵 守;change改变;make制造;break打破。根据句意可知答案为A项。,21.(2016内蒙古呼和浩特,7)Did you watch the football game yesterday? Yes, I did. John is really a dark horse. Nobody him to go so far. A.wanted B.encoura

25、ged C.expected D.hoped,答案 C 句意:你昨天看足球比赛了吗?是的,看了。John真是匹黑马。没有人指望他能表现那 么好。本题考查动词词义。want sb. to do sth.想让某人做;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做;ex- pect sb. to do sth.期待某人做;hope接从句,表示希望某人。根据题意可知选C。,22.(2016广西南宁,30)This bed soft and comfortable. A.sounds B.tastes C.feels D.smells,答案 C 句意:这张床摸起来又软又舒服。本题考查动词辨析

26、。sound听起来;taste尝起来;feel摸起来; smell闻起来。根据题意选C。,23.(2015天津,23)Lao Shes Teahouse the changes in Chinese society over fifty years. A.describes B.improves C.prepares D.corrects,答案 A 句意:老舍的茶馆描述了中国社会五十年的变化。本题考查动词词义辨析。describe描述; improve改善;prepare 准备;correct纠正。根据句意可知选择A项。,25.(2015内蒙古包头,22)Encourage your chil

27、dren to try new things,but try not to them too hard. A.draw B.cry C.pass D.push,答案 D 句意:鼓励你的孩子去尝试新的事物,但是尽量不要把他们逼得太紧。本题考查动词词义辨析。 draw拉,画;cry哭,喊叫;pass走过,通过;push推,逼迫,push sb. too hard把某人逼得太紧。故选D项。,24.(2015重庆,28)They walked home last night because they couldnt to take a taxi. A.leave B.buy C.afford D.al

28、low,答案 C 句意:他们昨晚步行回家,因为他们付不起乘坐出租车的费用。考查动词词义辨析。leave离开; buy买;afford能支付;allow允许。由句意可知选C。,题组二 动词短语辨析,1.(2019河南,30)I asked my father to me at the school gate at 6:30 so that we could visit Grand- ma together. A.pick;up B.turn;down C.let;down D.cheer;up,答案 A 句意:我让我的父亲六点半在学校门口接我,以便我们可以一起去拜访祖母。本题考查动词词组 的词义

29、辨析。pick up(开车)接人; turn down拒绝;let sb. down令某人失望;cheer sb. up使某人振奋。根据语 境和关键词visit 及together可知应该选A。,2.(2019山东青岛,6)The English Speech Competition the best in her. As a result, she is more active now. A.checked out B.tried out C.left out D.brought out,答案 D 句意: 英语演讲比赛促使她表现出她最好的一面。结果,她现在更活跃了。本题考查动词短 语。che

30、ck out结账离开;try out试验;leave out不包括;bring out使表现出。根据句意应选D。,3.(2019江苏南京,12)Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and which university is the best for her to attend. A.put out B.stay out C.find out D.run out,答案 C 句意:Tina来到中国是为了体验中国文化,并弄清楚她最适合上哪所大学。本题考查动词短语。 put out扑灭;stay out待在外面;fi

31、nd out弄清楚,找出;run out耗尽。and连接了Tina来中国的两个目的,一是体 验中国文化,二是弄清楚最适合自己的学校,故选C项。,知识拓展 与out相关的其他常用短语:watch out小心;look out当心,小心;try out for参加选拔;work out算出; sell out卖光;point out指出;come out 出现,出版;hand out 分发。,4.(2019江苏苏州,7)Would you please the light? I cant sleep well with it on. A.turn on B.turn off C.turn to D

32、.turn around,答案 B 句意:你能把灯关了吗?灯开着我睡不好。本题考查动词短语辨析。turn on打开;turn off关掉; turn to转向,求助于;turn around转身。根据常识,睡觉时应该关灯。故选B项。,5.(2019广西北部湾经济区,36)John, please your dictionary from the schoolbag and look up the new word. A.take away B.take up C.take off D.take out,答案 D 句意:约翰,请从书包里拿出你的词典查阅生词。本题考查动词短语辨析。take awa

33、y带走;take up占据;take off起飞;take out拿出。根据句意可知此处选D。,6.(2019湖北黄冈,29)I dont know how to the old books. Why not give them away to poor children? A.hand out B.give up C.deal with D.take up,答案 C 句意:我不知道如何处理旧书。为什么不把它们捐赠给穷困的孩子们?此题考查动词 词组辨析。hand out“分发”;give up“放弃”;deal with“处理”;take up“占据”。根据句意,此处表示不 知道如何“处理”旧

34、书,因此选C。,7.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特,9)I really need to take more exercise because Im weight. A.putting down B.putting on C.putting off D.putting away,答案 B 句意:我真的需要更多的锻炼因为我正在发胖。本题考查动词短语辨析。put down放下;put on 穿上,发胖;put off推迟;put away把收起来。根据句意应选B项。,8.(2019新疆,30)Im afraid his radio is too noisy. Will you please him to

35、 a little? Sure. A.ask;turn it down B.allow;turn it on C.tell;turn it up D.advise;turn it off,答案 A 句意:恐怕他的收音机噪声太大了。请你让他将音量调小点好吗?当然。本题考查动 词以及动词短语的辨析。A选项意为“让;调小它”;B选项意为“允许;打开它”;C选项意为“告诉;开大 它”;D 选项意为“建议;关上它”。根据句意可知答案为A。,9.(2019福建,29)My deskmate and I are going to a talk show at the party to celebrate t

36、he 70th birthday of our motherland. A.hand in B.put on C.take out,答案 B 句意:在宴会上,我和我的同桌将表演脱口秀来庆祝我们祖国的70岁生日。本题考查动词短语辨 析。hand in上交;put on表演; take out取出。根据句意可知选B。,解题关键 本题的解题关键是后半句的to celebrate the 70th birthday of our motherland, 所以此处表示表演 脱口秀。,10.(2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔,6)Our school has a sign at the gate, saying “

37、Greet your child with a smile, not a mobile”. A.put up B.put off C.put on,答案 A 句意: 我们学校在大门口挂了个牌子,上面写着“用微笑问候你的孩子,而不是用手机”。本题 考查动词短语。put up搭建,张贴;put off推迟;put on穿上。根据空后的a sign可知,学校在大门口挂了个牌 子,故选A。,11.(2018安徽,37)Some animals can the color around to protect themselves. A.take on B.give up C.put away D.see

38、 off,答案 A 句意:一些动物可以呈现出和周围环境一样的颜色来保护自己。本题考查动词短语。根据题意 可知,动物保护自己的手段之一是用保护色,即用身边环境的颜色来伪装。take on呈现出;give up放弃;put away把收好;see.off为送行。,知识拓展 take on a new look 呈现新面貌。,12.(2018天津,26)Mum asked me to for dinner. A.lay the table B.go to sleep C.keep a diary D.take a vacation,答案 A 句意:妈妈让我摆放餐具准备吃晚餐。此题考查动词短语。lay

39、 the table摆放餐具,go to sleep去 睡觉,keep a diary记日记,take a vacation去度假。根据题干中的for dinner可以判断出选A。也可以利用排除 法进行选择。,知识拓展 lay the table与set the table意思相同,“摆放餐具”。题干中的ask sb. to do sth.是“要求某人做某事”。,13.(2018河南,32)Jack is telling everyone he has bought a new car. Pay no attention to him. He is just . A.taking off B.

40、showing off C.driving off D.setting off,答案 B 句意:Jack正在告诉所有人他买了一辆新车。不用在意他,他只是在炫耀而已。本题考 查动词词组辨析。A.起飞;B.炫耀;C.赶走,驾车离去;D.出发。根据句意和语境,可知应该选择B项。,知识拓展 考生应在复习阶段积累含有off的短语。如:put off推迟;turn off关掉;get off下车;take a day off休假 一天;fall off从掉下;give off发出(光、热、气味等);keep off使不碰到。,14.(2018湖北武汉,32)What are you doing? Im l

41、ooking the kids. They should be back for lunch now. A.after B.at C.for D.up,答案 C 句意:你正在干什么?我正在找孩子们。现在他们应该回来吃午饭了。本题考查动词 短语。四个选项都可以和前面的动词look组成固定短语,look after意为“照顾,照看”;look at意为“看”; look for意为“寻找”;look up意为“查阅,向上看”。根据句意可知本题选择C。,知识拓展 与look相关的其他短语:look down 俯视,向下看;look forward to 期待;look out 小心;look aro

42、und向 四周看;look through浏览。,15.(2017天津,29)John the TV and helped his mother with the housework. A.turned off B.heard from C.joined in D.looked after,答案 A 句意:约翰关掉电视,帮妈妈做家务。本题考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“关掉”,B项意为“收 到来信”,C项意为“参加”,D项意为“照看”。根据句意应选A项。,16.(2017天津,30)My father wants me to doing my homework as soon as I get h

43、ome. A.stand for B.win the heart of C.stay in touch with D.get into the habit of,答案 D 句意:我爸爸想让我养成一回家就做作业的习惯。本题考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“代表”, B项意为“赢得的心”,C项意为“和保持联系”,D项意为“养成的习惯”。根据句意应选D项。,17.(2017河南,30)Dont know where your kids are in the house?Turn off the Internet and theyll quickly. A.get up B.stand up C.show

44、up D.hurry up,答案 C 句意:不知道你的孩子们在房子里的哪个地方?关闭网络,他们很快就会出现了。本题考查动词 词组辨析。get up起床;stand up站立;show up出现;hurry up赶快。根据语境可知选C项。,18.(2017内蒙古呼和浩特,10)It doesnt need to be true! You can a story. A.set up B.stay up C.put up D.make up,答案 D 句意:它不需要是真实的!你可以编一个故事。本题考查动词短语的辨析。set up意为“建立”; stay up意为“熬夜”;put up意为“支起,挂起

45、,张贴”;make up意为“编造”。根据句意可知本题选择D。,19.(2017湖北黄冈,32)Are we going to have a sports meeting on Friday, Li Ping? No, itll be till next week because of the bad weather. A.put out B.put on C.put away D.put off,答案 D 句意:我们周五开运动会吗,李平?不,由于糟糕的天气,它将被推迟到下周举行。本题考 查易混动词短语辨析。A选项意为“扑灭;熄灭”;B选项意为“穿上”;C选项意为“收拾好;把放回原 处”;D选

46、项意为“推迟”。根据句意可知本题选择D。,20.(2017云南昆明,30)As we on our new journey, we shouldnt forget where we came from. A.take out B.set out C.cut out D.blow out,答案 B 句意:当我们踏上新的旅程时,我们不应该忘记我们来自何处。本题考查动词词组辨析。set out 是常用短语,表示“出发”。A:获得;C:删去;D:吹灭。故正确答案是B。,21.(2017内蒙古包头,34)Wed better when he is thinking, as he prefers to s

47、olve problems on his own. A.let him down B.cheer him up C.leave him alone D.ring him up,答案 C 句意:当他在思考的时候我们最好不要打扰他,因为他更喜欢自己解决问题。本题考查动词短语 辨析。let.down 使沮丧;cheer.up 使振作;leave.alone 不打扰某人;ring.up 给打电话。根据 句意选C。,22.(2016河南,34)Almost every university now has a website which allows us to the information abou

48、t it. A.look at B.look after C.look around D.look through,答案 D 句意:现在几乎每一所大学都有一个网站,允许我们浏览关于这所大学的信息。本题考查动词短 语的辨析。look at 看;look after照顾;look around环顾四周;look through浏览。根据句意可知D项正确。,23.(2016四川南充,28)Youre supposed to your shoes before you enter the room. A.take off B.put off C.get off D.turn off,答案 A 句意:在进入房间前,你应该脱掉你的鞋子。本题考查动词短语辨析。take off脱掉;put off推迟; get off下车;turn off关闭。根据句意可知应选A。,24.(2016内蒙古呼和浩特,10)Jack, could you help me when the plane will take off on the Internet? Im sorry, but my compute