2020年福建中考英语复习课件专题四　介词和介词搭配.pptx

1、1.(2019福建,22)Is that your headmaster? You mean the man blue? A.on B.with C.in,A组 20152019年福建中考题组,答案 C 句意:那是你们校长吗?你指的是穿蓝色衣服的那个男人吗?本题考查介词的用法。后 面的blue指颜色,颜色前应用介词in,表示穿着某种颜色的衣服,故选C。,2.(2018福建,21)I will give a T-shirt my brother as a birthday present. A.by B.to C.from,答案 B 句意:我会送一件T恤给我弟弟当作生日礼物。本题考查介词的用法。

2、give sth. to sb.把某物给 某人。故选B。,词汇拓展 常见的含有to的动词短语有:pass sth. to sb.把某物递给某人;bring sth. to sb.把某物带来给某人; take sth. to sb.把某物带给某人。,3.(2018福建,27)Blue whales are . We should try to protect them. A.in time B.in public C.in danger,答案 C 句意:蓝鲸濒临灭绝。我们应当努力保护它们。本题考查介词短语辨析。in time及时;in public 在公共场合;in danger处于危险之中。由

3、句意可知应选C。,4.(2017福建,22)China successfully hosted the Belt and Road Forum May, 2017. A.on B.in C.by,答案 B 句意:在2017年5月,中国成功地主办了“一带一路”论坛。本题考查介词的用法。在月份前面 用介词in。故本题选择B。,5.(2016福州,27)Sally is my best friend. She is always there whenever Im . Yeah.A friend in need is a friend indeed. A.in order B.in trouble

4、C.in public,答案 B 句意:萨莉是我最好的朋友,每当我处在困境中,她都会在我身边。是的。患难见真 情。本题考查介词短语辨析。in order准备好;in trouble在困境中;in public公开地。根据句意可知应选B。,6.(2016泉州,24)It is necessary people to have food and water every day. A.of B.for C.with,答案 B 本题考查介词的用法。It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“做某事对某人来说是”。故选B。,7.(2016漳州,33)The Blacks

5、usually have milk and bread breakfast. A.for B.on C.about,答案 A 本题考查介词的用法。句意:Black一家人早餐通常喝牛奶和吃面包。have sth. for breakfast意为 “早餐吃某物”。故选A。,8.(2016三明,21)How soon will your uncle be back, Peter? three weeks. A.In B.For C.During,答案 A 本题考查介词辨析。how soon意为“多久之后”,它的答语应用“in+一段时间”。故选A。,9.(2016莆田,24)Whos the man

6、black over there? Hes Mr. Green. A.with B.in C.on,答案 B 本题考查介词的用法。“in+颜色”意为“穿着某种颜色的衣服”,是固定搭配,故选B。,10.(2015福州,23)Do you remember what she looked like when you first met her? Of course.She was tall and thin long hair. A.in B.with C.on,答案 B 句意:你记得你第一次见到她时她的样子吗?当然。她高高瘦瘦的,留着长发。本题考 查介词辨析。with“有,具有”符合句意,故答案

7、为B项。,11.(2015宁德,28)Beijing is the north part of China. A.in B.on C.to,答案 A 本题考查介词辨析。句意:北京在中国的北方。表示在某个空间内部用in,故选A。,考点一 介词,B组 20152019年全国中考题组,1.(2019江苏南京,3)Xinhua Zidian, or the New Chinese Dictionary, was first published 1953. A.on B.in C.at D.for,答案 B 句意:新华字典,或者新中文字典,是在1953年第一次发行的。本题考查介词的用法。 on后跟日期或

8、星期几;in后跟月份、年份或季节;at后跟钟点或中午、午夜;for后面跟时间段。此处的1953 表示年份,故选B项。,2.(2019湖北武汉,32)He wrote his phone number a piece of paper. A.on B.for C.in D.from,答案 A 句意:他把他的电话号码写在了一张纸上。本题考查介词的用法。A:在上面;B:为了;C:在 里;D:从来。“写在纸上”应用介词on,故本题选择A。,知识拓展 本题属于简单的题目,类似的题目有He needs a piece of paper to write on. He doesnt have a pen t

9、o write with.同样是考查介词的用法,但是这两个例句中的介词用在了动词不定式里,增加了难度,考生可以 作为备考资料复习。,3.(2019北京,2)We planted some flowers the garden yesterday. A.on B.to C.in D.of,答案 C 句意:我们昨天在花园里种了一些花。此题考查介词的用法。在花园里种花,要用介词in。on表 示“在上面”;to表示“朝,向,到,位于方向”;of表示“的一部分”。因此选C。,4.(2019安徽,38)On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel the wi

10、ndow. A.by B.for C.with D.from,答案 A 句意:在晴朗的日子,我的祖母经常在窗边读小说。本题考查介词的用法。A选项意思为“在旁 边”;B选项意思为“为了”;C选项意思为“和,有,用”;D选项意思为“从”。故选A。,5.(2019河南,24)Shall I help you the street, Grandpa? No, thanks. I can manage it myself. A.on B.with C.across D.along,答案 C 句意:需要我帮助您穿过街道吗,爷爷?不用,谢谢,我自己可以。本题考查介词辨析。A. 在上;B.伴随,和;C.横穿;

11、D.沿着。根据语境可知,此处是主动向过马路的爷爷提出帮助。故选C项。,知识拓展 across作介词时,可以和动词搭配使用,如go across穿过,swim across游过;cross作动词时,意为 “穿过”。,6.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特,8)Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the win- dows. A.against B.across C.above D.below,答案 A 句意:当雨开始重重击打窗户的时候,Ben正在帮助他的妈妈。本题考查介词词义辨析。against 碰,撞;across

12、穿过;above在上面;below在下面。根据句意应选A项。,7.(2018天津,27)In the picture, he sits me, looking very happy. A.beside B.among C.up D.through,答案 A 句意:在照片里,他坐在我旁边,看起来非常开心。本题考查介词。beside在旁边;among在 之中(三者及以上);up向上;through从内部穿过。根据句意判断出方位介词应选beside,故选A。,8.(2018安徽,36)Our class are much sure to win the basketball game Class T

13、hree. A.of B.in C.against D.from,答案 C 句意:我们班非常确定可以赢得与三班之间的篮球赛。本题考查介词的词义辨析。of的;in 在里面;against和比赛;from从。,知识拓展 against还可表示“反对,靠”。be against 反对;against the wall靠墙。,9.(2018北京,2)Happy birthday, Peter! Heres a gift you. A.for B.in C.with D.from,答案 A 句意:生日快乐,Peter!这是给你的礼物。本题考查介词的用法。根据句意可知此处应该选择for, for表示送礼物

14、的对象。,知识拓展 for可以作介词和连词,作介词时的用法很丰富:(1)因为,由于:for this reason (2)表示时间、距 离:for three days (3)表示目的:What do you come here for? (4)表示开往、前往:We set off for London.,10.(2018新疆乌鲁木齐,22)Most of the villagers took part in the Dragon Boat races 9:00 a.m. the morning of June 18. A.at;in B.at;on C.on;in D.on;on,答案 B

15、句意:多数村民在6月18日早上九点参加了龙舟比赛。本题考查介词的用法。具体时刻前用介 词at,在具体某一天的早上用on,故选B。,11.(2018广东,33)How soon will we get the offer from a new high school? about two months. A.In B.For C.Among D.During,答案 A 句意:过多久我们才会收到新高中的录取通知书?大概两个月后吧。本题考查介词的 用法。how soon对从现在开始到将来某动作结束或发生的这段时间提问,常用在将来时态中,回答用“in+ 一段时间”,故答案为A项。,思路分析 一般情况下

16、,在实际交际中答话人会省略在对方问题中已知或相同的内容,因此解答此类题目 可把答语部分省略掉的内容先补充完整(即We will get the offer from a new high school about two months.)再进行选择。,12.(2017安徽,38)To my pleasure, my family is always me whatever I decide to do. A.above B.behind C.from D.through,答案 B 句意:使我高兴的是,无论我决定做什么,我家人总是支持我。本题考查介词的词义辨析。be be- hind sb.支持

17、某人。above在上方;from从;through通过。故选B项。,13.(2017辽宁沈阳,3) 2000, this company has seen much new development. It has become one of the biggest companies in the country. A.For B.In C.By D.Since,答案 D 句意:自2000年以来,这家公司有了许多新的发展。它现在已成为这个国家最大的公司之一。本 题考查介词的用法。for+时间段,多用于现在完成时;in+时间段,多用于一般过去时或一般将来时;by+时间 点,一般用于过去完成时;s

18、ince+时间点,多用于现在完成时。根据句意和题干时态可知,本题答案为D。,14.(2016河北,28)Class, lets see who can spell the most words these letters. A.at B.into C.on D.with,答案 D 句意:同学们,让我们看看谁能用这些字母拼出最多的单词。本题考查介词辨析。at 在(某处),以 (某种价格、速度等);into到里面;on在上;with用。根据句意可知答案为D项。,15.(2016宁夏,33)Have you got the answer the question? Not yet. A.on B.w

19、ith C.about D.to,答案 D 句意:你知道这个问题的答案了吗?还没有。本题考查介词。the answer to the question 这个问题的答案,为固定搭配。故选D。,16.(2015上海,28)I love this picture you beside the music fountain. A.in B.of C.on D.at,答案 B 句意:我喜欢你在音乐喷泉旁边的这张照片。本题考查介词的用法。of表示“反映(某人或某 事)的,关于的”,故答案为B项。,17.(2015陕西,22)Before you go to Canada,you need to learn

20、 more it. A.from B.in C.by D.about,答案 D 句意:你去加拿大之前,需要多了解它。本题考查介词。根据句意可知答案为D项。about关于。,18.(2015广东,32)Could you please give me a hand?I cant complete the task on time your help. A.without B.under C.with D.for,答案 A 句意:请你帮助我一下可以吗?没有你的帮助我不能按时完成任务。根据句意可知答案为A项。 without没有。,考点二 介词搭配 1.(2019浙江温州,7)The instruc

21、tions tell us everything about how to make the model ship. A.by hand B.by chance C.in detail D.in person,答案 C 句意:这份说明书向我们详细地讲了制作模型船的一切方法。本题考查介词短语。A选项意为 “手工”;B选项意为“偶然”;C选项意为“详细地”;D选项意为“亲自”。由句意可知本题选择C。,2.(2019河北,28)This story is simple English. My little sister can read it. A.for B.in C.with D.by,答案 B

22、 句意:这个故事是用简单的英文写的,我的妹妹能读懂它。本题考查介词短语。固定短语in Eng- lish意为“用英语”,故本题选择B。,误区警示 本题易错选C或D选项。介词with意为“用”时,后常加具体的工具,如write with pencils用铅笔 写;draw with markers用记号笔画; cut with scissors用剪刀剪。介词by意为“用”时,后常加某种方法、手段 或交通工具,如by hand手工;by car乘小汽车。由此可知C和D选项不正确。介词in作“用”讲时,后面常加 语言、材料等,如in English用英语; in ink用墨水,故本题选择B。,3.(

23、2019广东,33)I think tea will taste better some milk in it. A.for B.with C.from D.at,答案 B 句意:我认为茶里加些牛奶会更好喝。本题考查介词的基本用法。设空处with在此处意为“有, 带有”,故本题选B。,知识拓展 with的常见意思有: (1)用(后面常加工具):write with pencils用铅笔写 (2)和一起 跟某人一起(居住、吃、喝、玩、交谈等):Now I live in China with my parents.我现在和我父母住在中 国。 跟go,come 连用,有“加入”到某方的意思:Wou

24、ld you like to come with us?你愿意和我们一起来吗?/你愿 意加入我们吗? (3)具有,带有:a chair with three legs一把三条腿的椅子;a club with five members一个有五个成员的俱乐部。 (4)表伴随:She came into the classroom with a smile on her face.她面带微笑走进教室。 (5)对来说,关于:Dont be angry with her.别生她的气。,4.(2018吉林,28)Do you agree my plan? Yes, it is wonderful. A.i

25、n B.with C.of,答案 B 句意:你同意我的计划吗?同意,计划很棒。本题考查介词。agree with sth.同意某事。,5.(2018湖北武汉,32)What are you doing? Im looking the kids. They should be back for lunch now. A.after B.at C.for D.up,答案 C 句意:你正在干什么?我正在找孩子们。现在他们应该回来吃午饭了。本题考查固定 搭配。四个选项都可以和动词look组成固定短语,look after意为“照顾,照看”;look at意为“看”;look for 意为“寻找”;lo

26、ok up意为“查阅,抬头往上看”。根据句意可知本题选择C。,知识拓展 与look相关的其他短语:look down on,蔑视;look forward to 期待;look out 小心;look around向四 周看;look through浏览。,6.(2017山西,26)When youre invited to have dinner at home by an American friend, you should be or a little later. Its different from our Chinese custom. A.on time B.on busine

27、ss C.on show,答案 A 句意:当你被一位美国朋友邀请在家里吃饭的时候,你应该按时到或者稍晚一些到。它不同于我 们中国的习俗。本题考查介词短语的用法。根据语境可知,应邀要守时,故选A项。on business出差;on show在展出。,7.(2017贵州贵阳,36)Grace often gets nervous before she gives a speech . A.in public B.in total C.in common,答案 A 句意:格雷斯经常在发表公开讲话前变得紧张。本题考查介词短语辨析。in public 公开地,符合 句意,故选A项。in total 总共

28、;in common共有。,8.(2016陕西,24)Its a good idea to send the old books the children who need them. A.at B.of C.to D.by,答案 C 句意:把这些旧书寄给需要它们的孩子们是个好主意。send sth. to sb.邮寄某物给某人。故答案 为C项。,9.(2016湖北襄阳,26)Who is Dave looking ? His mother. Shes been in hospital for a few days. A.for B.after C.at D.up,答案 B 句意:Dave正在

29、照顾谁?他的母亲。她已经住院一些日子了。look after sb.照顾某人。,10.(2016山西,24)How was your life in England? Quite different from here. , people there drink tea with milk. A.In my opinion B.To my surprise C.At the beginning,答案 B 句意:你在英国的生活怎么样?和这儿相当不同。令我吃惊的是,那儿的人们喝加奶的 茶。本题考查介词短语。in my opinion依我看;to my surprise令我吃惊的是;at the b

30、eginning起初。根据句意 可知答案为B项。,考点一 介词,C组 教师专用题组,1.(2019山东青岛,4)The high-speed train Qingdao and Beijing travels faster now. The train ride takes only about three hours. A.from B.among C.in D.between,答案 D 句意: 青岛和北京之间的高速列车现在开得更快了。火车旅程只需要大约三个小时。本题考查 介词。根据句意可知,此处表示“青岛和北京之间的高速列车”,between.and.为固定搭配,故选D。,易错警示 fro

31、m意为“从”,有些考生可能会选A,但表示“从某地到某地”用from.to.,不用and,故审 题要仔细。,2.(2018上海,29)Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the 2018 World Cup July. A.on B.in C.at D.of,答案 B 句意:Karen和Lily将在七月去俄罗斯看2018年世界杯。本题考查介词。on用在具体某一天前;in 用在年份或月份前;at在(某时间或时刻);of的。空后为July(七月),应用in,故选B。,3.(2018重庆,22)I always play basketball to re

32、lax myself Saturdays. A.on B.in C.at D.by,答案 A 句意: 在周六,我总是打篮球来放松自己。本题考查介词的用法。表示在具体某一天前用on,如: on June 1st, 2018。故选A。,4.(2017四川成都,33)I cant see Lucy because she is the tree. A.in front of B.behind C.next to,答案 B 句意:我看不到露西因为她在树后。本题考查介词的用法。in front of意为“在前面”;be- hind意为“在后面”;next to意为“紧挨着”。根据句意可知选B。,5.(2

33、017湖北黄冈,29)I havent finished the book report of Journey to the West. Its so difficult. You should hurry up. The report is due three days. A.in B.for C.on D.at,答案 A 句意:我还没有完成西游记的读书报告。它太难了。你应该快点。这个报告三天 后必须交。本题考查介词的用法。根据句意可知这份读书报告三天后就必须上交,in three days意为“三 天后”,故本题选择A。,6.(2017贵州贵阳,33)“Do you know when t

34、he Belt and Road International Day is?” “Yes, it is December 16th.” A.at B.on C.in,答案 B 句意:“你知道一带一路国际日是什么时候吗?”“是的,在12月16日。”本题考查介词的 用法。表示“在具体的某一天”时用介词on,故选B项。,7.(2016江苏无锡,7)Although he was my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own. A.against B.on C.for D.in,答案 A 句意:虽然这位老教授不同意我的观点,但是他没有

35、想出自己的观点。考查介词词义辨析。a- gainst 反对,符合句意,故选A项。on 在上;for为了;in在里,不符合句意。,8.(2016山东青岛,6)Tim is going to give his father a surprise Fathers Day. A.in B.at C.on D.by,答案 C 句意:Tim打算在父亲节那天给他爸爸一个惊喜。本题考查介词。在具体某一天前用介词on,故 答案为C项。,9.(2016内蒙古呼和浩特,9)Im looking after Tom today. Hes been in my house 8:00 this morning. A.at

36、 B.since C.for D.till,答案 B 句意:我今天照顾Tom,他从早上8:00就一直在我家。本题考查介词的用法。at表示“在点 钟”;since表示“自从”,多用于现在完成时;for通常接时间段;till表示“直到时候”,根据句意和 时态判断用since。,10.(2016四川南充,25)Fish cant live water. A.with B.in C.without D.of,答案 C 句意:如果没有水,鱼就无法存活。本题考查介词的用法。根据句意可知选择C项。,11.(2016辽宁沈阳,10)The group had to wait after 12 to check

37、 in at the hotel. A.from B.until C.for D.at,答案 B 句意:这组人不得不等到12点以后才登记入住宾馆。本题考查介词的用法。from从开始; until直到为止;for为了;at在。根据句意可知使用until最合适。,12.(2016黑龙江哈尔滨,2)Dont stay inside such a sunny morning. Lets go out to enjoy the gentle wind and the sweet flowers. A.on B.in C.from,答案 A 句意:在这样一个晴朗的早晨,不要待在屋里。让我们出去享受一下和风

38、、欣赏一下芬芳的花 吧。本题考查介词的用法。on后加星期、具体的日期以及特指的某一天的上午、下午或晚上;in后加年、 季节、月份;from来自。根据句中的such a sunny morning可知是在一个晴朗的早晨,故答案为A项。,13.(2016江苏南京,3)Yingqi Bird Nest Library, the smallest library in the world, was opened to the public in Nanjings Huashu Village the World Reading Day this year. A.on B.in C.at D.as,答案

39、 A 句意:嘤栖鸟巢图书馆,世界上最小的图书馆,在今年的世界读书日在南京桦墅村向公众开放。 本题考查介词的用法。表示“在具体的某一天”用on。故选A项。,14.(2015江苏连云港,13)It is great us to get so many favourite books on International Childrens Book Day. A.to B.with C.of D.for,答案 D 句意:对我们来说,在国际儿童图书日得到如此多喜爱的书真是太好了。本题考查介词的用法。 It is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是。,15.(2015安徽,3

40、3)The Dragon Boat Festival this year will come four days. A.after B.for C.during D.in,答案 D 句意:再过四天今年的端午节就要到了。本题考查介词辨析。in在之后,与一般将来时连用, 由题干中的will come可知答案为D项。,16.(2015浙江杭州,24)Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the windows. A.below B.across C.behind D.against,答案 D 句意:当雨开始猛烈地

41、击打窗户时,本正在帮他妈妈。本题考查介词辨析。below在下方; across横穿;behind在后面;against碰,撞。根据语境可知是雨点击打窗户,故答案为D。,17.(2015山西,23)The“teacher-free exam”means that students take their exams teachers.Students must be more honest. A.without B.against C.through,答案 A 句意:“无人监考考试”意味是学生考试时没有老师监考。学生们必须更诚实。本题考查介 词。without意为“没有”;against意为“反对

42、”;through意为“通过”。根据句意可知选A。,18.(2015黑龙江哈尔滨,3)Our class will have a party the evening of June 30th.Would you like to come? Yes,Id love to,but Im going to visit my grandparents in Dalian. A.in B.on C.at,答案 B 句意:在六月三十日晚上我们班有个聚会。你愿意来吗?是的,我愿意,但是我要去看望 在大连的祖父母。本题考查介词。在具体某一天的晚上用介词on,故B为正确答案。,19.(2015山东聊城,28)M

43、o Yans books are very popular.You can find they are on sale many languages. A.in B.to C.with D.at,答案 A 句意:莫言的书非常受欢迎。你能够发现它们被译成多种语言在销售。本题考查介词的用法。 in many languages 用多种语言,故选A。,20.(2015山东临沂,16)For many Western people,they drink cold water even winter. A.on B.for C.at D.in,答案 D 句意:对于许多西方国家的人来说,他们甚至在冬天也喝

44、冷水。本题考查介词的用法。on用于具 体日期前;for后常接一段时间;at用于时刻前;in用在季节、月份等前面。因此此处应选D项。,21.(2015宁夏,33)Do you know the exact date of his death? No,but I remember he died a cold Friday night. A.in B.by C.on D.at,答案 C 句意:你知道他去世的确切日期吗?不知道,但是我记得他是在一个寒冷的周五的夜晚 去世的。本题考查介词。在具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上用介词on。故选C 项。,22.(2015江苏苏州,2)In cold winte

45、r,the temperature in Harbin often remains zero all day. A.above B.below C.over D.under,答案 B 句意:在寒冷的冬天,哈尔滨的温度通常整天都保持在零度以下。本题考查介词的用法。above zero零度以上,below zero零度以下。由句意可知选B项。,考点二 介词搭配 1.(2018山西,27)In China, we are using the FAST to find stars . Now more and more people want to know about the largest rad

46、io telescope(望远镜) in the world. A.in person B.in public C.in space,答案 C 句意:在中国,我们使用 500米口径球面射电望远镜来寻找太空中的星星。现在越来越多的人想 要了解世界上最大的射电望远镜。本题考查介词短语。in person意为“亲自”;in public意为“公开地”; in space意为“在太空”。由“find stars”和句意可知本题选择C。,2.(2017云南,21)Many people like watching Chinese Poetry Conference(诗词大会) TV. A.in B.of

47、 C.at D.on,答案 D 句意:很多人喜欢在电视上观看中国诗词大会。on TV在电视上,是固定搭配,故选D项。,3.(2017云南昆明,21)Hello, may I speak Mike? This is Mike speaking. A.at B.to C.in D.on,答案 B 句意:喂,请让迈克接电话好吗?我就是迈克。May I speak to.?为打电话用语,意为“请 让接电话好吗?”。故正确答案为B。,4.(2016天津,38)Youd better not ride with your friends in the street. Its dangerous. A.si

48、de by side B.as a result C.as well as D.by the way,答案 A 句意:你最好不要和你的朋友在大街上并排骑车,那很危险。side by side 并排地;as a result结果; as well as也;by the way顺便问一下。故选A项。,5.(2016新疆乌鲁木齐,22)I want to know what happened my friend. I havent heard her recently. A.on;of B.to;from C.to;of D.on;from,答案 B 句意:我想知道我的朋友发生什么事了。我最近没有收到她的来信。sth. happens(ed) to sb.某人 发生了某事;hear from sb.收到某人的来信。根据句意可知答案为B项。,6.(2016山东烟台,26)Life is the unexpected. Whatever we do, try our best