文学翻译LiteraryTranslation课件.ppt
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1、文学翻译文学翻译Literary Translation广东外语外贸大学高级翻译学院广东外语外贸大学高级翻译学院张保红张保红2013.08.2013.08.1 文学翻译文学翻译课程设置的必要性课程设置的必要性2文学翻译文学翻译课程教学思路课程教学思路3文学翻译文学翻译课程教法示例课程教法示例4 4文学翻译文学翻译课程的意义课程的意义1 文学翻译文学翻译课程设置的必要性课程设置的必要性 我在大学教书,因此免不了要研读谈翻译的书。我在大学教书,因此免不了要研读谈翻译的书。谈翻译的书,特别是谈谈翻译的书,特别是谈文学翻译文学翻译的书,一般有的书,一般有两大类:两大类:一类是纯粹探讨翻译理论的书,一类
2、是纯粹探讨翻译理论的书,搞翻搞翻译的人大都不看,看也看不下去;译的人大都不看,看也看不下去;一类是单纯一类是单纯探讨翻译技巧的书,探讨翻译技巧的书,这类书有些是不怎么做翻这类书有些是不怎么做翻译的人译的人“研究研究”出来的,不是隔靴搔痒,也多出来的,不是隔靴搔痒,也多是纸上谈兵,所谓的实用指南并不能用到实践是纸上谈兵,所谓的实用指南并不能用到实践中去。中去。文学翻译工作者戒文学翻译工作者戒 (译事十戒;译事十法译事十戒;译事十法)英语世界英语世界2012(3):):4-6 文学翻译由来已久,而且现在的本科翻译专业文学翻译由来已久,而且现在的本科翻译专业基本上基本上走的都是文学翻译的老路子走的都
3、是文学翻译的老路子,仍仍然重复文学翻译的课程设置然重复文学翻译的课程设置,中国翻译中国翻译2012(1):):26 用文学翻译的例子研究普适性的翻译问题,反用文学翻译的例子研究普适性的翻译问题,反 过来,用普适性的翻译认识来理解与指导文过来,用普适性的翻译认识来理解与指导文 学翻译。学翻译。愚忠愚忠 VS VS 审美忠实审美忠实 审美忠实审美忠实:不可叛逆的文学翻译之重:不可叛逆的文学翻译之重 英语世界英语世界2012(2):):4-62文学翻译文学翻译课程教学思路课程教学思路 非文学翻译:非文学翻译:意义意义 文学翻译:文学翻译:意义、声音、形式、情感、意境意义、声音、形式、情感、意境 (音
4、、形、义、情、境)(音、形、义、情、境)文学语言的基本特性:文学语言的基本特性:指义性与指义性与审美性审美性 文学翻译的原则文学翻译的原则(原则标准(原则标准/具体标准具体标准):忠实、通顺、忠实、通顺、美美 美在何处:美在何处:理解与表达理解与表达 理解:理解:美的感悟美的感悟美的分析美的分析审美鉴赏审美鉴赏 文体特征与主题意义文体特征与主题意义(美的分析)(美的分析)文学式鉴赏文学式鉴赏 VS 翻译式鉴赏翻译式鉴赏(审美鉴赏)(审美鉴赏)层次与方法层次与方法(文本层次论)(文本层次论)文本层次文本层次/结构论结构论(二分法、三分法、五分法、八分法)(二分法、三分法、五分法、八分法)文学话语
5、层文学话语层 文学形象层文学形象层 文学意蕴层文学意蕴层 表达:表达:美的传译美的传译 等值、等效等值、等效 美的创造美的创造 得失(原因、价值)得失(原因、价值)目的与原则目的与原则 结合体裁语言特点与翻结合体裁语言特点与翻译原则译原则3文学翻译文学翻译课程教法示例课程教法示例 课前后课前后阅读阅读/熟读熟读10篇篇/段段相应体裁的文学作品及译文;相应体裁的文学作品及译文;(附录一附录一 文学名著名译选读文学名著名译选读)课程课程从翻译实践讲起,从翻译实践讲起,每种体裁选讲每种体裁选讲2-3篇篇/段,篇幅段,篇幅长短结合,学时数可均分于四种主要体裁;长短结合,学时数可均分于四种主要体裁;每次
6、授课穿插介绍部分文学翻译的相应知识每次授课穿插介绍部分文学翻译的相应知识,将这部,将这部分内容贯穿整学期,最后讲解什么是文学翻译;分内容贯穿整学期,最后讲解什么是文学翻译;翻译作业或选自教材,或选自相关的英语读物,或自翻译作业或选自教材,或选自相关的英语读物,或自己的翻译实践;写出翻译的过程与结果分析。(选经典己的翻译实践;写出翻译的过程与结果分析。(选经典篇目)篇目)教师讲评教师讲评作业,学生分组按教材所示进行翻译过程演作业,学生分组按教材所示进行翻译过程演示;示;演示演示 A Red,Red Rose R.Burns Sonnet 18 W.Shakespeare To the Virgi
7、ns,to Make Much of Time R.Herrick Daffodils W.Wordsworth Song to Celia B.Johnson Spring T.Nash Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening R.Frost On the Grasshopper and the Cricket J.Keats The Tides Rises,the Tide Falls H.W.Longfellow When You Are Old W.B.Yeats 演示演示 The First Snow (Longfellow)The first sn
8、ow came.How beautiful it was,falling so silently all day long,all night long,on the mountains,on the meadows,on the roofs of the living,on the graves of the dead!All white save the river,that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape;and the leafless trees,that against the leade
9、n sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches.What silence,too,came with the snow,and what seclusion!Every sound was muffled,every noise changed to something soft and musical.No more tramping hoofs,no more rattling wheels!Only the chiming of sleigh-bells,beatin
10、g as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.审美鉴赏审美鉴赏 1.1.声音美声音美 2.2.节奏美节奏美 3.3.意象美意象美 4.4.修辞美修辞美 5.5.错综美错综美 6.6.感知美感知美 7.7.绘画美绘画美 8.8.宁静美宁静美 9.9.境界美境界美1.声音美声音美(long vowels)(53/118=45%)(雪花片片、徐徐降落雪花片片、徐徐降落)i:The/trees/revealed/wheels/beating:firstousnow(2)/so/meadows/no(2)/onlyeicame(2)/day/grave
11、s/save/landscape/against/changed/sleighauhow/mountains/now/sound:falling/all(3)/course/more(3)aisilently/night/white/by/winding/line/sky/silence/chimingu:roofs/too/seclusion/hoofsa:marked/branched/heartsju:beautiful/beauty/musicalifalling/living/winding/tramping/rattling/chiming/beatingssnow(2)/sile
12、ntly/save/silence/seclusion/sound/sky/something/soft sleigh/swiftlall/long/living/silently/children/merrily/sleigh-bells/only/wheels/rattling/musical/muffled/seclusion/silence/wonderful/fully/revealed/leaden/landscape/line/leaflesswwas/white/winding/wheels/with/wonderfulffirst/beautiful/hoofs/swiftV
13、oiceless consonant(微风轻拂微风轻拂 雪花飘飞雪花飘飞)长元音和流辅音(长元音和流辅音(l/r/m/n)多会使节奏放慢)多会使节奏放慢 (王佐良)(王佐良)2.2.节奏美节奏美长短句的运用长短句的运用 (-(-代表一个词代表一个词)-。-,-,-,-,-,-,-!-!-,-;-,-,-。-,-,-,-,-,-,-!-,-,-。-,-,-!-,-,-。-短短长长长长短短短短短短长长-长短相间、形式曲折变化、跌宕起伏、心物同构(整体舒缓,长短相间、形式曲折变化、跌宕起伏、心物同构(整体舒缓,但但波澜起伏波澜起伏-!)节奏的功能节奏的功能 -舒缓舒缓;平和平和;宁静宁静;沉思沉思
14、3.3.意象美意象美 the first snow -the first love -the first kiss -the first lady -the first aid -the first night(戏剧等初次上演的夜场戏剧等初次上演的夜场)-First Cause(造物主、上帝)(造物主、上帝)seclusion:(place/mood)the state of being private and away from other people-seclude oneself from society-a secluded life-a secluded spot问君何能尔?问君何
15、能尔?心远地自偏心远地自偏。(Secluded heart creates secluded place)the hearts of children-the hearts of men/women/youthMy heart leaps up when I behold William Wordsworth My heart leaps up when I behold A rainbow in the sky:So was it when my life began;So is it now I am a man;So be it when I shall grow old,Or let
16、me die!The Child is father of the Man;I could wish my days to be Bound each to each by natural piety.4.修辞美修辞美 parallel construction/antithesis -all day long,all night long,on the mountains,on the meadows,on the roofs of the living,on the graves of the dead!-Every sound was muffled,every noise change
17、d to something soft and musical.No more tramping hoofs,no more rattling wheels!diction -all white save the river not“except”-across the landscape not“scenery”-winding black line not“twisting”-the chiming of sleigh-bells-not“ringing/jingling”5.错综美错综美 How beautiful it was,falling so silently all day l
18、ong,all night long,on the mountains,on the meadows,on the roofs of the living,on the graves of the dead!(错综:上(错综:上下下上上下)下)(改写:从上至下)(改写:从上至下)(on the mountains,on the roofs of the living,on the graves of the dead,on the meadows!)All white save the river,that marked its course by a winding black line a
19、cross the landscape;and the leafless trees,that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches.近大近大/the river远小远小/marked its course by a winding black line近大近大/the landscape;近低近低/the leafless trees远高远高/the leaden sky近低近低/the wonderful beauty and
20、 intricacies of their branches.6.感知美感知美(时间过程、同时并发、经验的传达)(时间过程、同时并发、经验的传达)How beautiful it was,falling so silently all day long,all night long,on the mountains,on the meadows,on the roofs of the living,on the graves of the dead!经验与逻辑:经验与逻辑:(on the mountains,the meadows,the roofs of the living and the
21、 graves of the dead!)All white save the river,that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape;and the leafless trees,that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches.-逻辑表述(经验由近及远,由低到高。先河/树,后情形)-All is white.-All white save
22、 the river that marked its course(无直无直感感)-the leafless trees that against the leaden sky now revealed.-感知美(时间过程、同时并发)感知美(时间过程、同时并发)What silence,too,came with the snow,and what seclusion!Every sound was muffled,every noise changed to something soft and musical.No more tramping hoofs,no more rattling
23、wheels!Only the chiming of sleigh-bells,beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.(Punctuation)-So great was the crowd that afternoon that the judge had decided to move the court outdoors,to a platform built against the courthouse under the maple trees.(The Scopes Trial)7.绘画美绘画美 All whi
24、te save the river,that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape;and the leafless trees,that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches.(缀合;由近及远,由低到高)缀合;由近及远,由低到高)8.宁静美 (以声衬静以声衬静)Every sound was muffled,every noise chang
25、ed to something soft and musical.No more tramping hoofs,no more rattling wheels!Only the chiming of sleigh-bells,beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.SONG Percy Bysshe Shelley A widow bird sate mourning for her Love Upon a wintry bough;The frozen wind crept on above The freezing st
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