新编英语语法教程Pronounsppt课件.ppt
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1、-PRONOUNS-n1.classificationn2.concord n3.case formsn4.reflexive pronouns-Pronoun?n pro-?n a.supporting or approving of something.n b.doing something instead of someone.nPronouns are words used instead of nouns,thus have nominal functions.-Classification n personal,possessive,reflexive,reciprocal,dem
2、onstrative,interrogative,relative,indefinite pronouns.nPersonal pronouns:n I/me,we/us,you,he/him,she/her,it,they/them-nPossessive pronouns:n my/mine,our/ours,you/yours,his/his,her/hers,its/its,their/theirsnReflexive pronouns:nReciprocal pronouns:n each other(s),one another(s)-nDemonstrative pronouns
3、:n this,that,these,those,it,such,samenThis book is yours,and that is mine.nInterrogative pronouns:n who(ever),whom(ever),whose,which,whatnRelative pronouns:n who(ever),whom(ever),whose,which,that,as-nIndefinite pronouns:n some,something,somebody,someone;any,anything,anybody,anyone;no,nothing,nobody,
4、no one,none;everything,everybody,everyone,each;much,many,little,a little,few,a few,other,another,all,one,both,neither,either.nI have do much work this morning.nHe has done much for his wife.-Concord n ANTECEDENTna word,phrase or sentence that is represented by pronouns.nOne must remember to remain v
5、ery still when he attends a concert.nProfessor Smith and I went to the States together.We stayed there for three weeks.nI recognized one of the girls,but I didnt speak to her.nI recognized one of the girls who were caroling the other night.-Concord in numbernNUMBER:nAntecedent:everyone,anyone,everyb
6、ody,anybody,no one,nobody,someone,somebodynPronoun?-nThe cast is giving _(its,their)best performance tonight.nEveryone thinks _(he is,they are)the centre of the universe.nWells is one of the editors who always _(take,takes)a leading role in _(his,their)community.nDictatorship is the one of many evil
7、s which _(tend,tends)to perpetuate _(itself,themselves).nEither John or James,who are twins,_(have,has)left(his,their)sweater.-Concord in personn When it comes to making a conscious effort to help keep a public place clean,most people just dont make the effort.Im a maintenance man for a department s
8、tore.If you did make the effort help keep the public place where I work clean,we probably wouldnt have a job.n see Exercise 8C-Concord in gendern GENDER?nmasculine,feminine,neuter,commonnIt is a set of grammatical forms of nouns(pronouns),determiners and adjectives that tell of the distinctions of s
9、ex or attribute.nIn modern English,only pronouns and nouns have gender distinctions.-Nouns of common gendern mannThey were pronounced man and wife at the altar.nWe hold these truths to be self-evident,that all men are created equal,nIf a student needs advice about careers,_should consult the career
10、officers.-babynWhen bathing a baby,always hold_ securely.nMy baby has got _ first tooth.-Nouns of neuter gendern Normally:it,its,itself,they,them,their,themselvesn?his,he,him,she,her,etc.nOnce upon a time there was a wolf in sheeps clothing,hiding _ among a flock of ship.nAs soon as the plane had ho
11、pped off,_ picked up speed.nChina is my motherland._ has experienced huge changes during the past decades.-Pronoun case formsn subjective case:n I,we,you,he,she,it,they,who,whoevern objective case:n possessive case:-Subjective case or objective case?nGeneral rule:n subjective case-subjectn objective
12、 case-object,plement,plementation,etc.nThe woman _(who/whom)we thought to be _(she,her)turned out to be her sister.nThe woman _(who/whom)we thought might be _(she.her)turned out to be her sister.-General rulenIt is difficult to predict _(who,whom)will win the election.nWhos knocking the door?its _(I
13、/me).nIt was _(I/me)who am to blame.nIt was_(I/me)that they were talking about.nStanley had no doubt about _(who,whom)would be elected minister of defense.nEverybody,including _(I,me),failed the test.nShe knows me better than _(he?him?).-Exceptions to general rulen1.informalityn subjective case-subj
14、ect positionn objective case-other positionsn2.minor sentencen3.everybody/nobody+but/except+pronouns-nInterrogative clausen_(who/whom)did you want to nominate?nI dont know _(who/whom)you want to nominate?nRelative clausenWill you go and see Carlos,_(who/whom)I believe will be glad to help you?nThe w
15、oman _(who/whom)we thought might be her turned out to be her sister.Informality-nCleft sentencenIt was _(he/him)who did it.nComparative clausenShe is prettier than _(I/me)nHe is clever than _(we/us)all.Informality-Minor sentencenDoes anyone know where Tom lives?n-_(I/me)./-_(I/me)do.-Everybody/nobod
16、y+but/exceptnNobody except _(he/him)can solve our problems.nEverybody agreed to our proposal but _(he/him).nI interviewed everybody but _(he/him).-n1.Just between you and(I,me)that man is crazy.n2.The petition was drafted by Nelson,Wright,and(I,me).n3.It was(she,her)who finally spoke up.n4.Mark was
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