黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九 2022-2023学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题.pdf

1、（共 6 页 第 1 页）2022022 2-202-2023 3 年度哈九中高年度哈九中高二上二上学期学期开学开学考试考试英语学科试卷英语学科试卷(满分：100 分）第一部分：第一部分：阅读理解阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。AGraphic Design for 13 to 16 Year Olds Online Short CourseCourse descriptionGraphic Design for 13 to 16 year olds wil

2、l explore the world of visual communication as you unravel thepossibilities of graphic design.Through a series of fun and engaging workshops,you will experiment with a range of hands-on materialsand processes.Well encourage you to develop your work through brainstorming and visual research,to feed y

3、ourinspiration.Course outcomesYoull leave with a small body of work and a broader understanding of the possibilities offered by workingin the area of graphic design.You will have gained skills that can be used in building a future portfolio(作品集).All our Online Short Courses include:*Live online less

4、ons with the same tutors*Access to VLE with course content*Forums for support*Certificate upon completionHow to book:*Click“add to basket”*If you are an adult booking a place for a child or teenager,you will need two email addresses,one for yourbooking confirmation email and one for the student*Sele

5、ct the option to book for someone else*Add the bookersdetails under your detailsIf you need help with booking,please use our online chat or call 0207 514 7015.Please note that all coursesare taught in UK time.Online courses are closed to all new bookings 48 hours prior to the course starting.1.How w

6、ill the students learn through the course?A.By doing practical exercises.B.By watching preloaded videos.C.By conducting online research.D.By receiving one-to-one instruction.2.What can a student get after finishing the course?A.Acertificate.B.Aportfolio.C.Ajob offer.D.Atutors signature.3.What calls

7、for special attention when students book the course?A.Booking in UK time.B.Calling to confirm in advance.C.Booking at least two days before it starts.D.Avoiding using more than one email address.BIn 1803,the United States acquired a huge new piece of land called the Louisiana Territory.Meriwether Le

8、wisand William Clark were given the job of leading an expedition to collect data about this uncharted territory.President Thomas Jefferson gave Lewis and Clark three tasks for the journey:Find an all-water route to thePacific Ocean,make friends with the Native Americans along the way,and gather deta

9、iled information about theplants，animals，landforms（地形），and climate of the area.In order to discover if there was an all-water route to the Pacific Ocean,Lewis and Clark attempted to travelup the Mississippi River by boat.In this way,they hoped that they would eventually reach the Pacific.Ultimately,

10、the explorers discovered the Rocky Mountains and the Continental Divide,but not the Pacific Ocean.The hopefor an all-water route from the East to the Pacific would have to be abandoned.Lewis and Clarks second task was to make friends with Native Americans in the area.They packed hundreds（共 6 页 第 2 页

11、）of pounds of gifts for the indigenous people,including beads,sewing needles,cloth,yarn,and knives.Theirintention was to use these items as offerings of peace and good faith.However,many tribes were hostile.Theyfelt threatened by the Americans presence and refused to communicate with them.Other trib

12、es were morewelcoming and aided the explorers in finding food and navigating the new region.The explorers final task was extensive and ongoing.Lewis and Clark had to take detailed notes about thelandforms and climate of the different areas through which they travelled.President Jefferson also wanted

13、samples of notable plant and animal life.They prepared animal fur and plant samples to send back to thepresident throughout the trip.They also kept individual journals with detailed descriptions and drawings of theenvironment and terrain（地势）.Up the Mississippi and Missouri rivers,across the Great Pl

14、ains,over the Rockies,down the Columbia River,and to the Pacific Ocean,Lewis and Clark travelled.After 3 years,Jefferson received a letter from Lewis stating,“It is with great pleasure that I announced to you the safe arrival of myself and my partner.In obedience to yourorders,we have penetrated（穿过）

15、the continent of North America to the Pacific Ocean.”4.Which of the following is Not among the tasks that President Thomas Jefferson gave Lewis and Clark?A.Find a direct waterway from the U.S.to the Pacific Ocean.B.Collect geographic and ecological information about the unknown area.C.Locate the Roc

16、ky Mountains and the Continental Divide.D.Build relationships with the NativeAmericans on the way.5.What does the underlined word“hostile”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Determined not to change their attitudes.B.Very unfriendly or aggressive.C.Not wanting to talk to other people.D.Belonging to a ver

17、y simple society.6.What can we learn about the final task?A.The task was less challenging than the former two tasks.B.The task required a wide range of knowledge and skills.C.The task focused on collecting data about landforms and climate.D.Lewis and Clark didnt send back samples until they finished

18、 their journey.7.What can we infer from the text?A.Lewis and Clark had to turn back before completing their tasks.B.Lewis and Clark successfully found an all-water route to the Pacific Ocean.C.Lewis and Clark finished the expedition without the help of NativeAmericans.D.The expedition covered the ar

19、ea from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean.CIn a recent study researchers at Germanys Technical University of Munich(TUM)find that trees in citiescan grow up 25%faster than their country cousins.This is believed to be a direct result of the heat island effect,which is a situation where the t

20、emperature of the city is higher than the nearby rural areas.Its mostly caused bythe fact that buildings,roads,and many other things in the city take in a lot of sunlight and send out the suns heatmore than natural landscapes such as forests and water bodies.A secondary cause is waste heat produced

21、byheavy uses of energy.For the study TUM researchers studied 1,400 trees in 10 cities around the world,which were found in bothcity centers and nearby rural areas.Based on tree ring study,researchers found that city trees are growing fasterthan their rural cousins.But before the1960s,both city and r

22、ural trees grew at about the same speed.“We canshow that city trees of the same age are generally larger than rural trees because they grow faster.While thedifference is about a quarter at the age of 50,it is still just under 20%at a hundred years of age,”lead author HanzPretzch says.Researchers fro

23、m TUM also found that in some cities higher-than-normal temperatures have led to growingseasons that are more than eight days longer than the norm.This sounds like a good thing.But while fast-growingcity trees are busy taking in CO2and providing relief from the heat,theyre also aging and dying at a

24、faster speedthan rural trees.As a result,these trees need to be replaced and replanted more frequently.Considering the valuable ecosystem services that city trees provide,planning and management shouldfollow to make a change with todays tree growth speed.Pretzch and his team set out to perform the s

25、tudy largelyto respond to United Nations report that the worlds cities will experience population growth of more than 60%by 2030.And with such fast growth comes a great need for city trees that make these cities better places to live in.8.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?A.Cities need mo

26、re trees to reduce the temperatures.（共 6 页 第 3 页）B.Humans lead to trees growing faster in cities.C.Trees need scientific planting in rural areas.D.Greenhouse effect is too serious in cities.9.What can we learn from the findings of the research?A.Rural trees live twice longer than city trees.B.City t

27、rees live for about 100 years at most.C.Rural trees live much longer now than in the 1960s.D.City trees grow faster at early years.10.What is the result of city trees growing faster?A.Cities suffer more easily from natural disasters.B.The temperatures in cities will fall greatly.C.City trees have a

28、shorter life circle.D.More people move to rural areas.11.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A.Taking better care of urban trees.B.Planting more trees in urban areas.C.More researches to be done on urban trees.D.Urban trees growing faster than rural trees.DA recent study show

29、ed that the experiences children have in their first few years are important.Theseexperiences affect the development of the brain.When children receive more attention,they often have higherIQs.Babies receive information when they see,hear and feel things,which makes connections between differentpart

30、s of the brain.There are a hundred trillion connections in the brain of a three-year-old child.Researcher Judit Gervain tested how good newborns are at telling different sound patterns.The researchersproduced images of the brains of babies as they heard different sound patterns.For example,one order

31、 wasmu-ba-ba.This is the pattern“A-B-B”.Another order was mu-ba-ge.This is the pattern“A-B-C”.The imagesshowed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during the“A-B-B”pattern.This showsthat babies can tell the difference between different patterns.They also were sensitive

32、to where it occurred in theorder.Gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the base of words and grammar,“Positionis key to language,”she says.“If something is at the beginning or at the end,it makes a big difference:Johncaught the bearis very different from The bear caught

33、 John.”Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions,audio books,the Internet,or smartphones-no matter how educational-doesnt appear to be enough for childrens braindevelopment.They carried out a study of nine-month-old American babies.They expected the

34、 first group whodwatched videos in Chinese to show the same kind of learning as the second group who were brought face-to-facewith the same sounds.Instead they found a huge difference.The babies in the second group were able todistinguish(辨别)between similar Chinese sounds as well as native listeners

35、.But the other babies-regardless ofwhether they had watched the video or listened to the audio-learned nothing.12.Why are early experiences so important to children according to the study?A.They can show connections in their brains.B.They can increase new information of IQs.C.They can offer children

36、 more attention.D.They can help to develop their brains.13.How was the research carried out?A.By recognizing babiesdifferent appearances.B.By producing images of new words for babies.C.By testing how babiesbrains learn to speak language.D.By checking babies brains to identify different sound pattern

37、s.14.Why is Gervain excited about the findings?A.Grammar is important in learning languages.B.Different orders of sounds have different meanings.C.The order of words comes from its grammar meaning.D.Different languages have different grammar rules.15.What is Patricia Kuhl most likely to agree?A.Lear

38、ning Chinese is of great benefit to babiesbrains.（共 6 页 第 4 页）B.Babies are better than adults in learning a foreign language.C.Face-to-face communication can improve babiesbrains.D.Babies learn a lot from television,audio books or the Internet.第二节第二节（共 5 小题；每题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处

39、的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cant Resist Junk Food?Study Suggests You Try This Simple TrickYoure tired and hungry.Then you catch a whiff of something delicious,probably fried and almost certainlyfattening.It is fried chicken!16Anew research says that exposing to the smell of junk food for at least twominutes c

40、an actually help you make healthier food choices.Lets take a closer look at this process.Have you ever noticed that whatever appetizing treat catches yournoses attention tends to be most appealing just after you first smell it?What will happen if youre standing in lineafter a couple of minutes?17And

41、 recent science says that this is actually the right moment to walk away.The results of a series of experiments,including field studies at a supermarket and at a middle schoolcafeteria,show that extended exposure(of more than two minutes)to junk food smell(e.g.,cookie smell)leadsto lower purchases o

42、f unhealthy foods compared with healthy smell(e.g.,strawberry smell).18That iswhy long exposure to junk food smell can be as satisfactory as actually having it in your mouth,which in turndecreases the desire for consumption of junk food.19When the exposure to smell of healthy food were examined,food

43、 choices were not profoundlyinfluenced.The reason for this is that healthy food are not connected with reward in our brain and therefore havelittle influence on what we desire.So next time youre feeling you dont have the will power to resist that French fries,it might be as simple assitting there an

44、d smelling all that sweetness for just a minute or two.20A.But wait a minute before you order.B.Its a response that has been researched.C.Get the satisfaction with none of the calories.D.It isnt quite as irresistible as it was just moments ago.E.However,its not the same case with smell of healthy fo

45、od.F.Its the same as actually eating it because your desire to eat it is satisfied.G.The brain doesnt necessarily distinguish between a pleasurable smell or taste.第第二二部分：英语知识运用部分：英语知识运用完形填空完形填空（共 15 小题；每题 1 分，满分 15 分）An experiment shows that a type of human behavior is conformity,which may be define

46、d as a willingness toadopt the same behavior and attitudes as those seen in other people.In order to experience a sense of belongings to a particular group,an individual may willingly 21thegroups values and behavior.Often,however,an individual will conform to the behavior of those around him evenwhe

47、n they are total22.It seems that many human beings dont like to23in a crowd or seem to bedifferent from those around them,and they have a strong24to conform to the behavior of otherpeople simply to avoid making themselves25.People will also avoid becoming26a situation if theycan shrug off their resp

48、onsibility by27that someone else will do something.When an apparent murder tookplace outside a block of flats in New York,residents must have28or seen something,yet there was no29to the police and no one came out to help or investigate.Another30showed that some people will change their opinion in or

49、der to conform to the majority31.A group of people were shown a picture of a series of lines and asked to choose those which were most32in length.All33one of the people in the group had been informed34to give a wrong answer.The one who had not been informed in advance did not know this and at first

50、gave the correct answer.But,whenhe heard the others,he changed his mind and agreed to35that the others were right.21.A.rejectB.adoptC.adaptD.adjust22.A.strangersB.friendsC.opponentsD.neighbors23.A.put upB.rush outC.escape fromD.stand out24.A.instinctB.dreamC.desireD.goal25.A.confusedB.unexpectedC.de