作文讲解1包括要求趋势评分样板顺序高分词汇句型课件.ppt
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1、CET-4 作文讲解写作总论写作总论1.1.写作命题剖析写作命题剖析n大纲要求:写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作,思想表达准确、意义连贯、无重大语法错误。写作总论写作总论写作部分考核的技能是:A.A.思想表达思想表达1).表达中心思想2).表达重要或特定信息3).表达观点、态度等B.B.篇章组织篇章组织4).围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述,突出重点5).连贯地组句成段,组段成篇写作总论写作总论C.C.语言运用语言运用6).运用恰当的词汇7).运用正确的语法8).运用合适的句子结构9).使用正确的标点符号10).运用衔接手段表达句间关系(如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等)D.D.写作格式写作格
2、式11).运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式写作总论写作总论n大学英语四级考试写作部分要求考生达到大学英语四级考试写作部分要求考生达到教教学要求学要求中的一般要求,即中的一般要求,即“能完成一般性写能完成一般性写作任务,能描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生作任务,能描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生的事件等,能写常见的应用文,能就一般性的的事件等,能写常见的应用文,能就一般性的话题或提纲在半小时内写出至少话题或提纲在半小时内写出至少120120词的短文,词的短文,内容基本完整,用词恰当,语意连贯。能掌握内容基本完整,用词恰当,语意连贯。能掌握基本的写作技能。基本的写作技能。”写作总论写作总论2.四级
3、写作评分原则和标准四级写作评分原则和标准评分原则:评分原则:1.CET1.CET是检查考生是否达到大学英语教学大纲规定的四六级教学要求,是检查考生是否达到大学英语教学大纲规定的四六级教学要求,对作文的评判应以此要求为准则。对作文的评判应以此要求为准则。2.CET2.CET作文题采用总体评分作文题采用总体评分(Global Scoring)(Global Scoring)方法。阅卷人员就总的印方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分象给出奖励分(Reward Scores),(Reward Scores),而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。3.3.从内容和语言两个方面对作文进
4、行综合评判。从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。4.4.避免趋中倾向。该给高分的给高分,包括满分避免趋中倾向。该给高分的给高分,包括满分;该给低分的给低分,该给低分的给低分,包括包括0 0分。一名阅卷人员在所评阅的全部作文卷中不应只给中间的分。一名阅卷人员在所评阅的全部作文卷中不应只给中间的几种分数。几种分数。写作总论写作总论评分标准:评分标准:本题满分为本题满分为1515分分.共分五等:共分五等:2-42-4分、分、5-75-7分、分、8-108-10分、分、11-1311-13分及分及14-1514-15分。分。2-42-4分分 条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或在部分句子均有错误,且
5、条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或在部分句子均有错误,且多数严重错误。多数严重错误。5-75-7分分 基本切题。表达思想不清楚,连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。基本切题。表达思想不清楚,连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。8-108-10分分 基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯;语言错基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当,多其中有一些是严重错误。误相当,多其中有一些是严重错误。11-1311-13分分 切题。表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。切题。表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。14-1514-15分分 切题。表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性
6、好。基本上无语言错误,切题。表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性好。基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错误仅有个别小错误写作总论写作总论注:注:1.1.白卷,作文与题目毫不相关,或只有几个孤立白卷,作文与题目毫不相关,或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想,则给的词而无法表达思想,则给0 0分。分。2.2.如题目中给出主题句,起始句,结束句,均不如题目中给出主题句,起始句,结束句,均不得计入所写字数得计入所写字数3.3.只写一段者:只写一段者:0404分;只写两段者:分;只写两段者:0909分分(指规定三段的作文)(指规定三段的作文)Women in the Modern World Women are pla
7、ying an increasingly important part in society today.In today,many women have a work.They worked as well as men playing an important part in factories.There are many women in govener also.They lead other people comtral,and make out plans.There are many women scientist also.They event new things to i
8、mprove our life.With the changes in their social role,womens position in the family has been improved as well.In ancient,womens position in family is pity.They had to looks after their children,did every how husband ordered her to do.But now it is changed.They are equal to her husband.They have the
9、right of speaking of idea,discussion things with her husband,do what she wants to do.In spite of these changes,the liberation of woman has not been completely realized.We also should realize,womens likerty are limited.For example,many factories want men become its workers but the chance of women is
10、less than men.Everyone should do their best to change this condition.Im sure,the liberation of women would be increased.评分样卷(1)5 5分分基本切题,表达不够清楚,连贯性差,有较多严重错误。基本切题,表达不够清楚,连贯性差,有较多严重错误。Women are playing an increasing important part in society today.More and more women go to work to earn money instead o
11、f keeping the house or looking after the children.Women have entered many fields of society including scientific field.As we know,many women sports teams have won the worlds champion such as Chinese Womens Volleyball Team.With the changes in their social role,womans position in the family has been i
12、mproved as well.Husbands are not the masters of wives in many places.Husbands and wife are equal now.They join together to overcome difficulties and share happiness.In spite of these changes,the liberation of women has not been completely realized.Also in some places,women are considered being“thing
13、s”belong to men.They have little chance to find jobs.They dont get equal pay for equal job.This is a problem must be solved not only by society but also by women themselves.Women in the Modern World评分样卷(2)11 11分分切题,思想表达清楚,连贯。有个别句子结构错误及少切题,思想表达清楚,连贯。有个别句子结构错误及少量其他语言方面的错误量其他语言方面的错误 Women are playing a
14、n increasingly important part in society today.Many women today are playing an important part at works that was thought only could be done by the men before.For example,some women are not secretary in the office,instead,they become manager of a company.With the changes in their social role,womans po
15、sition in the family has been improved as well.In the world today,more and more women have their own jobs.They get their own salary,and become more independent from their husband.With the economic situation improved,their family position is improving.In spite of these changes,the liberation of woman
16、 has not been completely realized.Many husbands only want his wife to stay at home,and do some works or do some shopping.They only want their wife to be a housewife,but not a manager of a company.Women in the Modern World评分样卷(3)8 8分分基本切题,思想表达尚清楚,基本连贯,有个别严重的基本切题,思想表达尚清楚,基本连贯,有个别严重的语言错误及用词不当,但可以理解。语言错
17、误及用词不当,但可以理解。Women are playing an increasingly important part in society today.In many countries,more and more women are acting as workers,farmers,scientists and even leaders.We can say that almost all jobs which men can do are done perfectly by women.Women are no longer looked down upon by society.
18、With the changes in their social role,womens position in the family has been improved as well.Husband and wife are now equal in the family.They cope with problems of daily life together,and share happiness with each other.Also,you can hardly find out that in todays families,women are being busy with
19、 dinners,whereas men are comfortably sitting in armchairs,reading newspapers.In spite of these changes,the liberation of woman has not been completely realized.We also should realize that womens liberty is limited.For example,many factories want men as their employees and the chance of women is slim
20、er than men.Everyone should do their best to change this condition.Im sure the liberation of women would be reached.Women in the Modern World评分样卷(4)14 14分分切题,文章通顺,语言规范。句法有一定变化,用词适切题,文章通顺,语言规范。句法有一定变化,用词适当。有个别小错,但不影响理解。当。有个别小错,但不影响理解。写作总论写作总论3.四级写作命题规律与预测四级写作命题规律与预测1 1)新:对传统的三段论式作文提出挑战,新的题型层出不穷。特别是)新
21、:对传统的三段论式作文提出挑战,新的题型层出不穷。特别是20032003年以来,先后考过交通事故目击证词、导游词等首次出现的题目,年以来,先后考过交通事故目击证词、导游词等首次出现的题目,所以仅仅依靠背诵套句变得越来越行不通。需要同学们重视提高自己所以仅仅依靠背诵套句变得越来越行不通。需要同学们重视提高自己的真正写作水平,以不变应万变。的真正写作水平,以不变应万变。2 2)综合能力考核:纯粹的记叙、说明或议论文的考核被同时考核三种能)综合能力考核:纯粹的记叙、说明或议论文的考核被同时考核三种能力的综合性题目所代替,如力的综合性题目所代替,如20032003年年9 9月份的考题,就要求考生在第一
22、月份的考题,就要求考生在第一段叙述你的段叙述你的classmateclassmate生病或受伤的过程,第二段要求说明一下各方面生病或受伤的过程,第二段要求说明一下各方面对他的关心,第三段要求你对这个事件展开讨论。这要求我们要全面对他的关心,第三段要求你对这个事件展开讨论。这要求我们要全面发展自己的写作能力,不可偏废。发展自己的写作能力,不可偏废。3 3)实用:实用文体的写作出现得越来越多,书信作文屡次出现,)实用:实用文体的写作出现得越来越多,书信作文屡次出现,20042004年年6 6月还考了一篇导游词。这体现了四级作文对学生实际运用英语能月还考了一篇导游词。这体现了四级作文对学生实际运用英
23、语能力的关注,也是四级作文备考训力的关注,也是四级作文备考训练的重点之一。练的重点之一。写作总论写作总论3.1 最近几年四级考试作文题目最近几年四级考试作文题目2006.6 Volunteers Needed(应用文应用文)2006.6.On Students Selecting Lecturers(论说文论说文)2006.12.Spring Festival Gala on TV(论说文论说文)2007.6.Welcome to our club(应用文应用文)2007.12.What Electives to Choose(论说文论说文)2008.6.Recreational Activi
24、ties(论说文论说文)2008.12.Limiting the Use of Disposal Bags (论说文论说文)2009.6.Free Admission to Museums(论说文论说文)2009.12.Create a Green Campus(论说文论说文)写作总论写作总论3.2.命题形式命题形式 3.2.1.3.2.1.提纲作文提纲作文 提纲作文实质上是议论文,其下可分为四种类型:提纲作文实质上是议论文,其下可分为四种类型:n现象阐释型现象阐释型 :2003:2003年年1 1月四级作文考题月四级作文考题 nDirections:For this part,you are
25、 allowed thirty Directions:For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest.You should write at least 120 words Be Honest.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given bel
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