实用动物营养学PPT演示课件(PPT 50页).pptx
- 【下载声明】
1. 本站全部试题类文档,若标题没写含答案,则无答案;标题注明含答案的文档,主观题也可能无答案。请谨慎下单,一旦售出,不予退换。
2. 本站全部PPT文档均不含视频和音频,PPT中出现的音频或视频标识(或文字)仅表示流程,实际无音频或视频文件。请谨慎下单,一旦售出,不予退换。
3. 本页资料《实用动物营养学PPT演示课件(PPT 50页).pptx》由用户(三亚风情)主动上传,其收益全归该用户。163文库仅提供信息存储空间,仅对该用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上传内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知163文库(点击联系客服),我们立即给予删除!
4. 请根据预览情况,自愿下载本文。本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
5. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007及以上版本和PDF阅读器,压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 实用动物营养学PPT演示课件PPT 50页 实用 动物 营养学 PPT 演示 课件 50
- 资源描述:
-
1、Brief introduction to the nutrients1第1页,共50页。WaternAccounts for 70%or more of the composition of most plants and animals2第2页,共50页。WateruMost vital nutrient ingestedMay lose 100%of body fat,50%of body protein and liveLose 10%of body water,dehydration occurs and may result in death3第3页,共50页。WateruMost
2、 vital nutrient ingestedTypically consume 2-4 times more water than dry matter intakeFunctionsq Transport of digesta and nutrientsq Excretion of wasteq Lubrication,shaping and cushioningq Substrate(基质)for chemical reactions4第4页,共50页。WateruSourcesDrinking waterMoisture content of feedsq As-fed(实样的)(实
3、样的)feed intakeq Dry matter feed intakeMetabolic water q Water released through chemical reactions at the cell level5第5页,共50页。Metabolic Watern0.6 gram of water produced per gram of carbohydrate metabolizedn0.4 gram of water produced per gram of protein metabolizedn1.0 gram of water produced per gram
4、of fat metabolized6第6页,共50页。WateruDietary needsCattle 10-20 gals/dayHorses10-20 gals/daySheep 1-3 gals/daySwine 1-2 gals/dayPoultry2:1 water:dry feed ratio7第7页,共50页。WateruIntake increased by:Warm to hot temperaturesHigh protein levels High salt levelsHigh fiber levelsHigh dry matter intakes8第8页,共50页
5、。WateruNormal losses:UrineFeces LungsSkin surfaceMilk9第9页,共50页。Water QualitynGood water quality=Less than 0.25%dissolved solidsnCan measurably affect feed consumption and performancenMay reduce palatability or even may be toxic due to levels of heavy metals10第10页,共50页。CarbohydratesuPrimary nutrient
6、component of livestock feedsuStructural and energy reserve of plantsu70-80%of dry matter of plants are carbohydratesuLess than 1%of animal compositionBlood glucoseMuscle glycogen 11第11页,共50页。CarbohydratesnCarbon:Hydrogen:Oxygen=1:2:1 rationClassificationsnMonosaccharides-Glucose,FructosenDisaccharid
7、es-Sucrose,Maltose,LactosenPolysaccharides-Starch,Cellulose12第12页,共50页。CarbohydratesuStarch Non-structural or non-fibrous polysaccharideq Extensively digested q Enzymatic or microbial digestion 13第13页,共50页。CarbohydratesuCellulose Structural or Fibrous polysaccharideq Less digestibleq Requires microb
8、ial digestion 14第14页,共50页。CarbohydratesuFunctions Source of energy for bodily functions Carbon skeletons for building other nutrientsMilk synthesis 15第15页,共50页。ProteinsuPrincipal constituent of organs and soft tissuesuHighest concentration of any nutrient,except water,in all living organisms and ani
9、malsuRequired for life uContain carbon,hydrogen,oxygen and nitrogen 16第16页,共50页。ProteinsuFunctions Structure of organs and soft tissues EnzymesHormonesAntibodiesSkin,HairMilk synthesis 17第17页,共50页。Dietary Essential Amino AcidsuAmino acids required in the diet and cannot be synthesized at a rate suff
10、icient to meet the nutritional requirements of the animal;therefore;must be supplied in the diet 18第18页,共50页。Dietary Essential Amino AcidsuPhenylalanine(苯丙)uValine(缬)uThreonine(苏)uTryptophan(色)uIsoleucine(异亮)u Methionine(蛋)u Histidine(组)u Arginine(精)u Leucine(亮)u Lysine(赖)19第19页,共50页。Dietary Limitin
11、g Amino AciduThe essential amino acid that is present in the lowest quantity in the diet when expressed as a percentage of the animals amino acid requirement 20第20页,共50页。Protein Deficiency uReduced appetite and feed intakeuReduced birth weights and growthuReduced colostrum(初乳)and milk productionuDec
12、reased hormonal productionuDecreased fertility 21第21页,共50页。Excessive Protein Intake uNitrogen deaminateduRemaining carbon skeleton used as energy source or stored as fatuExpensive method of supplying energy to the animal 22第22页,共50页。Non Protein Nitrogen(NPN)uNitrogen supplied to the animal in a non-
13、protein stateUrea or Biuret(缩二脲)uRequires microbial synthesis(Ruminants)uCrude Protein Equivalent%Nitrogen from NPN times a factor of 6.2523第23页,共50页。Lipids(Ether extract)nAre made of carbon,oxygen and hydrogen,butnContain much larger proportions of carbon and hydrogen than carbohydrates do nOrganic
14、 compounds that are characterized by being insoluble in water,but soluble in organic solvents 24第24页,共50页。uConcentrated source of energy1 gram of lipid contains 9.45 kcal of energy as compared to 4.2 kcal of energy for carbohydrates and protein(2.25 times more energy)uSource of dietary fatty acids25
展开阅读全文