人教中考英语总复习教材知识梳理：八年级上册 Units 8-10.ppt

1、（一）单词,1. _ v. 抖动；摇动 2. _ v. 剥皮；去皮 3. _ v. 倒出；倾倒 4. _ n. 勺子 5. _ v. 增加；添加 6. _ adv. 最后；最终 7. _ n. 食盐 _ n. 食糖 8. _ n. 机器,shake,peel,pour,spoon,add,finally,salt,sugar,machine,9. _ v. 挖；掘；凿 _ n. 洞 10. _ n. 三明治 11. _ n. 片；块；段 12. _ adj. 传统的 _ n. 传统 13. _ n. 秋天 _ n. 秋天 14. _ n. 游客 _ v. 旅行,dig,hole,sandwic

2、h,piece,traditional,tradition,autumn,fall,traveler,travel,15. _ v. 庆祝 _ n. 庆祝 16. _ v. 使混合 n. 混合配料 _ n. 混合物 17. _ v. 使充满 18. _ n. 盘子；碟子 19. _ v. 覆盖 n. 覆盖物 20. _ v. 接待；服务；提供 21. _ n. 温度,celebrate,celebration,mix,mixture,fill,plate,cover,serve,temperature,22. _ v. 准备 _ n. 准备 23. _ adj. 有空的；可获得的 24. _

3、conj& prep. 到为止 25. _ v. 悬挂；垂下 26. _ v. 赶上；抓住 27. _ v. 邀请 _ n. 邀请 28. _ v. 接受 _ v. 拒绝,prepare,preparation,available,until,hang,catch,invite,invitation,accept,refuse,29. _ n. 工作日 _ n. 周末 30. _ v. 回答；回复 31. _ v. 发送 adv. 向前 32. _ v. 删除 33. _ v. 打印；印刷 34. _ adj. 悲伤的 _ adj. 高兴的 35. _ prep. 没有 36. _ n. 开幕

4、式,weekday,weekend,reply,forward,delete,print,sad,without,opening,glad,37. _ n. 音乐会 38. _ n. 事件；比赛 39. _ n. 客人 _ n. 主人 40. _ n. 白天 41. _ n. 会议；集会；会面 42. _ n. 视频；录像 43. _ v. 组织 _ n. 组织,concert,event,guest,host,daytime,meeting,video,organize,organization,44. _ adj. 难过的；失望的 45. _ n. 出租车 46. _ n. 建议 _ v.

5、 建议 47. _ n. 专家 48. _ n. 青少年 49. _ adj. 正常的；一般的 50. _ conj. 除非；如果不 51. _ n. 钱包,upset,taxi,advice,advise,expert,teenager,normal,unless,wallet,52. _ adj. 生气的 _ n. 生气；愤怒 53. _ adj. 善解人意的 54. _ adj. 粗心的 _ adj. 细心的 _ n. 粗心 55. _ n. 错误 56. _ v. 解决 _ n. 解决方法 57. _ v. 信任；相信,angry,anger,understanding,careles

6、s,careful,carelessness,mistake,solve,solution,trust,1. _ 接受邀请 2. _ (= ten more minutes) 另外10分钟 3. _ 其他时间；别的时间 4. _ 一片 / 条() 5. _ 在末尾 6. _ 完成或做了事情的一部分,（二）短语,accept an invitation,another ten minutes,another time,a piece of,at the end of,be halfway to doing sth.,7. _ 用覆盖 8. _ 把切成片 / 切碎 9. _ 切碎 10. _ 感觉

7、更糟 11. _ 用填满 12. _ 从某人处得到建议 13. _ 接受教育 14. _ 和某人打架 15. _ 给某人提建议 16. _ 骑自行车,cover . with,cut . into pieces,cut up,feel worse,fill . with,get advice from sb.,get an education,get into a fight with sb.,give sb. advice,go bike riding,17. _ 去看医生 18. _ 闲逛；常去某处 19. _ 在方面有问题 20. _ 患流感 21. _ 收到(某人的)信、电话等 22.

8、 _ 帮助分担工作、解决难题 23. _ 分成两半 24. _ 最后 25. _ 邀请某人参加；邀请某人到,go to the / a doctor,hang out,have the flu,hear from,help out,in half,in the end,invite sb. to .,have problems with .,26. _ 邀请某人做某事 27. _ 保守秘密 28. _ 照料；照顾 29. _ 盼望；期待 30. _ 赚很多钱 31. _ 发出邀请 32. _ 犯错 33. _ 逐一地 34. _ 炸土豆片；炸薯条 35. _ 把倒进,invite sb. to

9、 do sth.,keep . to oneself,look after,look forward to doing,make a lot of money,make mistakes,one by one,pour . into .,make an invitation,potato chips,36. _ 为做准备 37. _ 以书面的形式进行回复 38. _ 把放进 39. _ 躲开；回避 40. _ 去旅行 41. _ 从带出 / 取出 42. _ 后天 44. _ 前天 45. _ 周游世界,run away from,take a trip,take out . from .,t

10、he day after tomorrow,the day before yesterday,travel around the world,prepare for .,put . into .,reply in writing,46. _ 拒绝 47. _ 接通；打开 48. _ 担心某人 49. _ 我们新图书馆的落成典礼,the opening of our new library,worry about sb.,turn on,turn down,1. How do you make .? 你怎么做？ 2. How many / How much . do we need? 我们需要多

11、少？,（三 ）句型,3. Can you .? Sure, Id love to. / Sure. That sounds great. / Sorry, I must . / Im afraid not. I have to . 你能吗？ 当然，我很乐意。/ 当然，那听起来很 棒。/ 对不起，我必须 / 我恐怕不 能，我不得不 4. . not . until . 直到才,5. When is the best time to do .? 什么时候是做的最好时间？ 6. I would like to do . 我愿意做 7. If ., . will . 如果，将 8. Should I

12、/ we .? 我 / 我们应该吗？ 9. What will happen if .? 如果，将会发生什么？,1. advise 【归纳】 v. 意为“劝告；建议”。 advise sb. about / on sth. 就某事向某人提出建议 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise sb. not to do sth. 建议某人不要做某事,（一）单词,【拓展】 n. advice 劝告；建议。是不可数名词，“一条建议”用a piece / word of advice。 give sb. advice 给某人建议 take ones advice 接受某人的

13、建议 follow ones advice 遵循某人的建议 suggestion为可数名词，与advice同义，意为“提议；建议”。,【运用】. 单项选择。 1) My teacher gave me much _ on how to study English well when I had some trouble. A. advice B. question C. suggestion D. problem 2) Please give me some _ on how to learn English well. A. plan B. information C. advice,A,C

14、,. 完成句子，每空词数不限。 1) 我建议你乘火车去那儿。 I _ there by train. 2) 简遵循你的建议了吗？ Did Jane _? 3) 你可以给我一条建议吗？ Can you give me _?,advise you to go,follow your advice,a piece / word of advice,2. keep 【拓展】 keep sb./sth.形容词，“使某人或某物保持某种状态”。 keep sb./sth.介词短语，“使某人或 某物保留在某地”。 keep (sb.) doing sth. “(使某人)反复地/不停地做某事”。 keep sb

15、. from doing sth. “防止或阻止某人做某事”。,相关短语： keep in touch with 保持联系 keep ones cool 沉住气，保持冷静keep.away from 避免接近，远离,【运用】 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。 The little boy is always keeping his bedroom clean and t_ (整齐). (2018 安徽),tidy,3. until 【归纳】 until意为“到时”。用在肯定句中，句子的谓语动词必须是可延续性的；用在否定句中，即not.until. “直到才”，表

16、示直到某一时间某一行为才发生，而之前该行为并没有发生。,【运用】 1) Julie didnt leave her office _ the police arrived. (2015 重庆) A. however B. whenever C. while D. until 2) Its too late. I have to go now. Oh, its raining heavily outside. Youd better wait here _ it stops. (2015 烟台) A. until B. since C. while D. though,D,A,4. cover

17、【归纳】 v. 意为“覆盖；遮盖”。 n. “遮盖物；被子” cover sb./ sth. with. 用把某人/某物盖上 (表示动作) 【拓展】 be covered with 被盖着(表示状 态),【运用】 我没有带伞，所以下雨的时候我就用报纸 遮头。 I didnt take my umbrella so I _ my head _ a newspaper when it rained.,covered,with,5. fill 【归纳】 v. 意为“(使)充满；装满”，常用于fill.with.结构中，“用把装满”，强调动作的过程。 filled为fill的形容词形式，意为“装满的；

18、充满的”。 be filled withbe full of 装满；充满；填满，表示状态。,【运用】 She _ the bottle _ colorful stones and some water. filled; of B. filled; with C. fulled; of D. fulled; with 满屋浓烟。 The room is _ _ / _ _ heavy smoke.,B,filled with,full of,6. prepare 【归纳】 v. 意为“使做好准备；把准备好”，常用短语有prepare for sth. 和prepare to do sth.，前者

19、意为“为某事做准备”，后者意为“准备做某事”。 【拓展】 n. preparation make preparations for sth. 为某事做准备”，与短语prepare for sth. 同义。,【运用】完成句子，每空词数不限。 1) 他们一周前开始为这次旅行做准备。 They began to _ this trip a week ago. 2) 你准备给凯特写信吗？ Do you _ to Kate?,prepare for,prepare to write,7. invite 【归纳】 v. 意为“邀请”。 invite sb. to . 邀请某人参加 invite sb. t

20、o do sth. 邀请某人做某事 【拓展】 n. invitation make an invitation 发出邀请 accept an invitation 接受邀请 turn down/refuse an invitation 拒绝邀请,【运用】. 单项选择。 My friend invited me _ the art club, and I accepted it with pleasure. (2015 上海) A. join B. to join C. joined D. joining,B,. 完成句子，每空词数不限。 1) 汤姆邀请我去他们学校。 Tom _ their s

21、chool. 2) 珍妮，你向米勒先生发出邀请了吗？ Jenny, did you _ to Mr. Miller?,invited me to,make an invitation,8. accept v. 意为“接受”。 【辨析】accept与receive 两词都有“收到”之意，但区别在于： receive通常指被动地“收到”或“接到”，而accept指主动地“接受”。,【运用】 根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上下文， 写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。 With all her efforts, the children finally _ (接受) her as one o

22、f the family. (2018 江苏苏州),accepted,9. refuse v. 意为“拒绝”。 【归纳】 refuse to do sth. “拒绝做某事” 【运用】 My brother _ to move the heavy box, but I didnt give up. A. reminded B. refused C. agreed D. considered,B,10. angry adj. 意为“生气的；发怒的”。 【归纳】 be angry with sb. 生某人的气 be angry about/ at sth. 因某事而生气 【运用】 I feel so

23、rry that I dropped the juice on Tinas bed. But she wasnt _ at all. A. excited B. happy C. angry,C,11. mistake n. 意为“错误；失误”。 【归纳】 mistake是可数名词，make a mistake/ mistakes，意为“犯错；出错”。 【拓展】 make a mistake/ mistakes in sth. 在某方面犯错 by mistake 错误地,【运用】 1) 单项填空 You are supposed to be more careful to make fewer

24、 _ while you are writing. (2015 云南) A. trouble B. matter C. mistakes D. problems 2) 根据汉语意思完成句子。 抱歉，我错拿了你的雨伞。 Sorry, I took your umbrella _ _.,C,by mistake,1. turn on, turn off, turn up与turn down,（二）短语,【运用】单项选择。 1) Would you mind _ the music a little? Dont you think its too loud? Sorry! Ill do it in

25、a minute. A. turning on B. turning off C. turning up D. turning down,D,2) The classroom is so bright now. You should _ the lights. OK, I will. A. turn on B. turn up C. turn down D. turn off,D,3) Do you know the latest information about Flight MH370? Ive no idea. Lets _ the TV to watch the news progr

26、amme. A. turn on B. turn down C. turn up D. turn off,A,2. hear from, hear of与hear about,【运用】 They get a letter from their son twice a month. (改为同义句) They _ _ their son twice a month.,hear from,3. put. into. 【拓展】put的常用短语 put on 穿上；戴上；上演 put up 提高（价格等）；张贴；建造； 使升高 put out 扑灭；熄灭 put off 推迟 put away 把收起来

27、；放好,put down 放下；写下；镇压 put back 将放回；推迟；延期 put forward 提出；向前拔 put in 把写进（信函、故事等）； 插话；正式提出（要求等）,4. cut up 意为“切碎”。 【拓展】 cut . into pieces 意为“将切成片”。,【运用】单项选择。 Alice, could you help me _ the meat? I want to make some dumplings for dinner. OK. Ill do it right away. A. put up B. give up C. use up D. cut up,

28、D,5. too . to . 【归纳】 意为“太而不能”。too后通常接形容词或副词的原级，to后接动词原形。 可用so . that .结构和not . enough to . 结构改写。,6. look forward to 【归纳】 意为“期待；盼望”，其中to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式。,【拓展】look的短语： look at看；look for寻找；look up查找；look out小心；look over仔细检查； look through浏览；look after照顾；照看 【运用】 In our daily life, we must learn to _ o

29、urselves well at any time. Its as important as studying. (2015 山西) A. deal with B. worry about C. look after,C, Hello! Mom. Long time no see! Hello! Mary. Are you busy these days? Im looking forward _ your phone. (2015 荆门) A. to answer B. answering C. to answering D. answer,C,1. Can you come to my p

30、arty? Can you.？意为“你能吗？”表示客气地请求某人做某事。接受邀请常用I would (Id) love to.或者Certainly.等来应答。如有事不能接受邀请，可用Sorry, I cant.或者Id love to, but.等回答。这种句式中，用could比can语气委婉，显得有礼貌，而用can则较随便。,（三）句式,【拓展】 向别人发出邀请，委婉地请求某人去做某事的句型。情态动词can意为“可以；能”，也可以用情态动词could。could的语气要比can委婉、客气，显得更有礼貌，而can则更加口语化。,向别人发出邀请、请求或征求意见时，有以下几种常用表达： Can/

31、Could you.? /Would you like to.? /What/How about.?/Shall (we)? /May I invite you to.? 其肯定回答，即接受别人的邀请时，常有以下句子：Yes, Id love to./Id like to./Yes. Its very nice/kind of you./That sounds great./That sounds like fun./Im happy (glad) to.,其否定回答，即委婉拒绝时常用： Id love/like to, but./ Maybe another time./ Im sorry

32、I cant. I have to./ Im afraid I cant./Im afraid not.,2. If you go to the party, you will have a great time. if意为“如果；假如”，用于引导条件状语从句。从句位置可在主句前也可在后。由if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来，其主句可以使用一般将来时，含有情态动词的句子或祈使句。,【运用】 1) Do you know if they _ swimming with us tomorrow? I think they will if they _ free. A. go; will b

33、e B. go; are C. will go; are D. will go; will be,C,2) You will see many aunts dancing together at the square if it _ in the evening. A. doesnt rain B. rains C. will rain D. wont rain,A,3. .Sam isnt leaving until next Wednesday. not.until 意为“直到才”。在口语中，还可用till代替until，构成not.till.的结构。如： She didnt go to

34、bed until 12 oclock last night.,【运用】 1) Julie didnt leave her office _ the police arrived. (2015 重庆) A. however B. whenever C. while D. until,D,2) Will you go shopping with me, Jane? Yes. But I wont go _ I finish my homework. A. when B. until C. after,B,情态动词表示说话人对所说动作的观点，如需要、可能、意愿、怀疑等。情态动词本身虽有一定的意义，

35、但不能单独作谓语动词，必须和不带to的动词原形连用，并且情态动词没有人称和数的变化(have to除外)。主要有can, could, may, might, must, have to, need, should, had better等。,情态动词,can / could 1. can表示现在或将来的能力，意为“能；会”。could为can的过去式，表示过去的能力。如： Helen can play the piano.,2. can和could都可以表示请求、允许，意为“可以”。在该用法中，用could比用can语气更加委婉和客气，但答语必须用can。如： Could / Can you

36、 open the window for me? Of course I can.,3. can表示推测，用于否定句中，后跟静态动词be，表示有把握的推测，意为“不可能是 / 在”。could可用于肯定句中表示不确定的推测，意为“可能”。如： It cant be Bruces basketball. He only likes playing soccer. Be careful. You could hurt yourself when you use knives.,may / might 1. may表示请求、许可，意为“可以”。当may表示请求时，用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句中，肯

37、定回答常用may，否定回答常用cant或mustnt。如： May I use your mobile phone? Yes, you may. / No, you cant / mustnt.,2. may和might都可以表示推测，意为“可能；也许”。might的语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。如： Ella may / might have the book youre looking for.,must / have to 1. must 意为“必须”，表示义务、命令或必要，强调主观看法，其否定式为mustnt，表示“不允许；禁止”之意。在回答由must 引起的一般疑问句时，肯定回答常

38、用must，否定回答常用neednt或dont have to，表示“不必”。如：,All passengers must wear seat belts. Must I take my shoes away now? Yes, you must. / No, you neednt / dont have to. must用于肯定句中，后跟静态动词be，表示很有把握的推测，意为“一定是 / 在”。如： Your father has been working hard all day. He must be tired.,2. have to 意为“不得不”，强调客观需要，有人称、数和时态的变

39、化。如： Bill has to do several jobs to support his family.,need 意为“需要”，作情态动词时，多用于否定句或疑问句中。在回答由need引起的一般疑问句时，肯定回答常用must，否定回答常用neednt。如： Need I drive you home? Yes, you must. / No, you neednt.,should 意为“应该”，既可以表示义务或责任，也可以表示劝告或建议，其否定式为shouldnt，意为“不应该”。 如： We shouldnt waste food. had better had better do s

40、th. 表示“最好做某事”，其否定式是had better not do sth.。如： You had better go to school by bus. Its a little far.,1. Yuan Longping, a famous Chinese scientist, is now doing research on sea rice. If farmers _ start planting rice in salty water, Chinas food supply will surely rise. (2018 广东省) A. can B. cant C. must

41、D. mustnt,A,2. You_ write the report again because spelling mistakes are not allowed at all. (2018 贵州黔南) A. may B. can C. must D. could 3. Are you going to the cinema tonight? I dont know. I _ go or I _ stay at home. (2018 河南中考) A. will; will B. must; must C. should; should D. might; might,C,D,5. Wh

42、en you are travelling, bring a map because it _ help you. (2017天津) A. cant B. mustnt C. used to D. may,D,4. _ I finish my work now? No, you _. You can do it later. (2018 黑龙江齐齐哈尔) A. May; neednt B. Must; dont have to C. Can, couldnt,B,6. I dont care what people think. Well, you _. Youre not alone in

43、this world. (2017 河南) A. can B. may C. should D. will,C,7. Have you got the results of the exam? No. All we _ do now is to wait. (2017 武汉) A. must B. can C. may D. could,B,8. Weve ordered too much food. I _ eat any more. Never mind. Lets take it home. (2017浙江温州) A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt,A,9. Mum, may I go swimming now? Yes, dear, but remember that you