2019年中考英语语法知识专题课件：主谓一致（含例题及答案）.ppt

1、主谓一致,主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化一致，即句中谓语的变化形式要根据句子主语的人称和数的形式决定。主谓一致通常遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则。,语法一致 语法一致是指主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，其谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，其谓语动词也用复数形式。,考点一： 一般情况下，主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数可数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。 考点二： 动词不定式或动词-ing 形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,1. Playing computer games too often _

2、bad for us. A. am B. is C. are (2018 湖南永州),【中考链接】,2. Listen! The little girl _ singing in the room. A. / B. are C. is (2017 黑龙江齐齐哈尔),C,B,3. One great thing about Singapore, unlike most other Asian countries, _ that the temperature is almost the same all year round. A. are B. is C. was D. were (2017

3、四川攀枝花),B,4. We all know that one of the worlds most popular sports _ football. A. am B. is C. are (2017 贵州贵阳),B,5. There _ many foreign students in her class. Yes, I know two of them are _. A. are; Japanese B. is; Australian C. are; Germany D. is, America (2017 辽宁营口),A,6. One of my friends _ moved t

4、o America. I miss her so much. A. has B. have C. are (2016 湖南邵阳),A,7. There _ some good advice about how to reduce air pollution on the Internet. A. are B. is C. have (2016 黑龙江齐齐哈尔),B,考点三：不定代词作主语 1. 复合不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, no on

5、e, nobody, nothing作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2. neither of . / none of . 作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。,3. either指“两者之中任何一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。either of . 作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。 4. each作同位语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语的数；each of . 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,1. Everyone in my class except Tom and Mary _ to Beijing. A. have been B. have gone C. has b

6、een (2018 黑龙江齐齐哈尔),C,【中考链接】,2. _ there anything new in todays Qianzhong Morning Daily? No. But there _ some inspiring stories worth reading. A. Is; is B. Are; are C. Is; are D. Are; is (2017 贵州安顺),C,3. What would you like, coffee or tea? Either _ OK. I dont mind. A. is B. are C. was (2015 湖南郴州),A,考点

7、四： 当用both . and . 连接并列主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。当and连接的两个名词表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数形式；当表示同一人、同一物或同一个概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。,考点五： 当主语后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等词语引导的短语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式由主语的单、复数形式决定。,1. Both Mike and I _ ready for the new high school life. A. be B.

8、am C. is D. are (2018 新疆),2. She with her mother often _ hills on Sundays. A. climbs B. climb C. climbed D. to climb (2018 贵州铜仁),【中考链接】,D,A,3. Mary _ is my friend, as well as her sisters, _ Chinese in China. A. that; are studying B. which; have studied C. who; study D. who; studies (2017 内蒙古呼和浩特),D,

9、4. Everybody except Mike and Linda _ there when the meeting began. A. are B. was C. were (2016 四川自贡),B,5. My sister with my parents _ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening. A. are making B. is making C. was making D. were making (2016 甘肃兰州),C,考点六： 一些由两个部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式，如shoes, tr

10、ousers, clothes, scissors, chopsticks, glasses等。但如果这些名词前有a kind of, a pair of, a series of等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。,1. The pair of trousers _ me. Ill take it. A. fit B. fits C. will fit (2016 黑龙江齐齐哈尔),【中考链接】,B,2. This pair of shoes _ me well, but the shoes _ expensive. A. fit; are B. fits; are C. fits; is (

11、2014 四川巴中),B,3. This pair of pants _ mine. Yours may _ on the bed. A. is; be B. are; be C. are; are (2014黑龙江绥化),A,考点七： 1. “a (large / small) number of + 复数可数名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of + 复数可数名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2. “分数 / 百分数+ of + 名词”和“the rest / most of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数由名词决定。,【中考链接】,1.

12、The number of tourists _ over 33 million this year. Yes. A large number of tourists _ so far because of the new look of our city. A. is, have come B. is, has come C. are, has come D. are, have come (2018 甘肃天水),A,2. The number of the elderly (老人) _ increasing in China, and with the development of Chi

13、na economy, they _ better care of in the future. A. is; will take B. are; are taken C. is; will be taken D. are; will take （2018 贵州安顺）,C,3. How many _ doctors are there in your hospital, David？ _ them _ over one hundred. A. woman; The number of: is B. women; A number of; are C. woman ; A number of;

14、is D. women: The number of; is (2017 四川眉山),D,4. Mum, _ of the apples _ gone bad. Wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible. A. one third; have B. one thirds; have C. one third; had D. first three; has (2017 贵州安顺),A,5. There _ a number of books in the library and the number of them _ increasing.

15、 A. has; is B. have; are C. are; is D. is; are (2016 山东烟台),C,6. About _ of the land _ covered with trees and grass. A. three fifths; is B. three fifths; are C. three fifth; are (2016 黑龙江龙东地区),A,意义一致 意义一致是指谓语动词和主语的一致不是取决于主语的语法形式，而是由其意义决定。,考点一： 当数词做主语或当表示距离、金额、时间等复数名词(词组)作主语时，常将其看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。,1. T

16、wo months _ a long time. We can visit our grandparents during the vacation. A. am B. is C. are (2017 四川宜宾),【中考链接】,B,2. Mom, I watched TV for only forty minutes. Sometimes _ TV is good for us. Forty minutes _ enough. Now you must do your homework. A. watch; is B. watching; was C. watched; are D. watc

17、hing; were (2015 贵州黔南州),B,3. Three million _ a large number. You can make it _. A. are; small B. is; smaller C. is; small D. are; smaller (2015四川宜宾),B,考点二： 有些集体名词常指复数的人或物，谓语动词用复数形式，如police；有些集体名词作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式，如family, class, team, group, crowd等；当population意为“人口数量”时，谓语

18、动词用单数形式；意为“全体居民”时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。,1. Look! The police _ the food onto the bank of the river. A. am carrying B. is carrying C. are carrying D. are carried,【练习】,C,考点三： 以-s结尾的单数名词如news, physics, maths, politics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,1. Maths _ my favourite subject. What about you? Physics _. I think its very

19、interesting A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is,【练习】,A,2. I hope there _ good news tonight. A. is B. are C. was D. were,A,考点四： 1. “the + 形容词”表示一类人作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。这类词有the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等。 2. “the + 姓氏的复数形式”表示某一家人或夫妇两人，其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。,1. The

20、young _ hard to get a better life these days. A. is working B. have worked C. has worked D. are working,【练习】,D,2. The Whites _ the holiday in Europe next week. A. is going to take B. are going to take C. takes D. take,B,考点五： 定语从句中谓语动词的单复数取决于其先行词的单复数。,【练习】,Have you watched the TV play “In the Name of

21、 People”(人民的名义)？ Its the most popular play _ our Partys trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败). A. where show B. which show C. that shows D. who shows (2018 四川达州),C,就近一致 就近一致是指谓语动词的数要与其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。,考点一： 以or, not only . but also ., either . or ., neither . nor . 等连接的名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词要和离它最近的主语

22、在人称和数上保持一致。,【中考链接】,1. Neither you nor he _ good at drawing. A. are B. is C. be （2018 黑龙江绥化）,2. Neither Tom nor I _ interested in playing WeChat. A. am B. is C. are D. be （2018 甘肃兰州）,B,A,3. Not only children but also my husband _ crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea (红海行动). A. is B. are C. am D. b

23、e (2018 江苏泰州),A,考点二： 在there be 句型中，如果有两个或两个以上的主语时，主语与谓语的一致通常遵循就近一致原则。,【中考链接】,1. Lets save pandas! There _ only about 2,000 pandas living in the forests now. A. am B. is C. are （2018 吉林）,C,2. _ a clock on the desk. It wakes me up every day. A. There are B. There be C. There is (2018 湖南湘潭),C,3. There _ a book and four pens on the desk. A. has B. is C. are D. have (2017 贵州黔东南州),B,