人教中考英语总复习教材知识梳理：八年级下册 Units 1-2.ppt

1、1. _ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的 2. _ n. 胃痛；腹痛 _ n. 牙痛 _ n. 头痛 3. _ n. 脚；足 _ 复数 4. _ n. 发烧,（一）单词,sore,stomachache,foot,toothache,feet,fever,headache,5. _ v. 躺；平躺 _ 过去式 _ 过去分词 _ 现在分词 6. _ v. & n. 放松；休息 7. _ v. & n. 咳嗽 8. _ v. (使)疼痛；受伤 _ 过去式/过去分词 9. _ adv. & prep. 离开(某处)； 不工作；从去掉,lie,lay,lying,rest,cough,hurt,lain,h

2、urt,off,10. _ prep. 向；朝 11. _ v. (用手或器具)击；打 _ 过去式/过去分词 12. _ pron. (she的反身代词)她自己 _ pron. (we的反身代词) 我们自己 13. _ v. 压；挤；按 14. _ adj. 生病的；有病的 _ 近义词,onto,hit,herself,press,sick,ill,hit,ourselves,15. _ v. 呼吸 _ n. 呼吸 16. _ adj. 晒伤的 17. _ n. 登山者；攀登者 _ v. 攀登 18. _ v. & n. 危险；风险；冒险 19. _ n. 刀 _ 复数 20. _ v. 意思

3、是；打算；意欲 _ 过去式/过去分词,breathe,breath,sunburned,climb,risk,knife,knives,mean,climber,meant,21. _ n. 重要性；重要 _ adj. 重要的 22. _ n. 决定；抉择 _ v. 决定 23. _ n. 死；死亡 _ adj. 死的 24. _ v. 义务做；自愿做 n. 志愿者,important,decide,death,dead,volunteer,decision,importance,25. _ adj. 孤独的；寂寞的 _ adj. 孤单的；单独的 _ adv. 独自；单独 26. _ pron

4、. 几个；数个；一些 27. _ adj. 强烈的；强壮的 28. _ n. 满足；满意 _ v. 使满意；满足 _ adj. 感到满意的,several,strong,satisfaction,satisfy,satisfied,lonely,lone,alone,29. _ n. 物主；主人 _ adj. 自己的 30. _ v. 募集；征集 31. _ v. 修理；修补 32. _ v. 修理；安装 33. _ adj. 破损的；残缺的 _ v. 打碎 _ 过去式 _ 过去分词,owner,own,raise,repair,fix,broken,break,broke,broken,34

5、. _ adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的 _ v.使无能力; 使残废， 35. _ adj. 瞎的；失明的 36. _ adj. 聋的 37. _ v. 想象；设想 _ n. 想象；想象力 38. _ n. 困难；难题 _ adj. 困难的,disable,blind,deaf,imagine,disabled,imagination,difficulty,difficult,39. _ v. 开；打开 _ v. 关 (反义词) 40. _ v. 拿；提；扛 41. _ v. 训练；培训 _ n. 训练；培训 42. _ adj. 激动的；兴奋的 _ v. 使兴奋；使激动 _ adj. 令人兴奋

6、的； 使人激动的 _ n. 激动；兴奋,open,close,carry,train,excite,training,excited,exciting,excitement,43. _ n. 仁慈；善良 _ adj. 善良的；仁慈的 44. _ adj. 聪明的；聪颖的 45. _ v. 理解；领会 _ 过去式/过去分词 46. _ v. & n. 变化；改变 47. _ n. 兴趣；关注 v. 使感兴趣；使关注 _ adj. 感兴趣的 _ adj. 有趣的,kindness,kind,understood,clever,understand,change,interest,intereste

7、d,interesting,1. _ 整个周末 2. _ 立刻；马上 3. _ 掌管；管理 4. _ 习惯于；适应于 5. _ 独自；单独 6. _ 打电话给(某人)；征召 7. _ 照顾；非常喜欢 8. _ (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来 9. _ 打扫(或清除)干净,（二）短语,all weekend at once / right away be in control of be used to by oneself call up care for cheer up clean up,10. _ 想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等) 11. _ 切除 12. _ 修理；装饰 13. _ 拍X光

8、片 14. _ 陷入；参与 15. _下车 16. _ 离开；从出来 17. _ 晒伤 18. _ 赠送；捐赠,come up with cut off fix up get an X-ray get into get off get out of get sunburned give away,19. _ 分发；散发 20. _ 放弃 21. _ 分发 22. _ 感冒 23. _ 发烧 24. _ 心脏有问题 25. _ 流鼻血 26. _ _ 胃痛 / 牙疼 / 嗓子疼 27. _ 呼吸困难,give out give up hand out have a cold have a fev

9、er have a heart problem have a nosebleed have a stomachache / toothache / sore throat have problems breathing,28. _ 及时 29. _ 躺下 30. _ 做决定 31. _ 影响；有作用 32. _ 推迟 33. _ 筹钱 34. _ 用尽；耗尽 35. _ 建起；设立 36. _ 以便 37. _ 休息,in time lie down make a decision make a difference put off raise money run out (of) set u

10、p so that take a break / breaks,38. _ (外貌或行为)像 39. _ 冒险 40. _ 量体温 41. _ 多亏；由于 42. _ 再三考虑；仔细考虑 43. _ 使某人惊讶的；出乎某人的意料 44. _ 参加选拔；试用 45. _ 曾经；过去,take after take a risk / risks take ones temperature thanks to think twice to ones surprise try out used to,1. Whats the matter with .? / Whats wrong with .? 怎

11、么了？ 2. Do / Does . have a toothache? 牙疼吗？ 3. What should . do? 该怎么办？ 4. Should I .? 我应该吗？ 5. . so . that . 如此以至于,（三 ）句型,6. . be ready to do sth. 准备好 / 愿意做某事。 7. It sounds like . 听起来像 8. Id like to . 我愿意 9. You / He / She / They could do . 你(们) / 他 / 她 / 他们可以做 10. . make it possible to do sth. 使做某事成为

12、可能。,1. lie v. 躺；平躺,归纳 lie down 躺下,（一）单词,拓展 lie vi. 位于；说谎 n. 谎话, 谎言 lay vt. 放置；摆放餐具；产(卵)；提出 vi. 下蛋，产卵,【活学活用】读下列句子，根据语境推断 划线部分单词的不同含义。 1) Freezing weather in spring affected the hens ability to lay. 2) The village lies in a small wooded valley. 3) You could see from his face that he was lying. 4) The

13、doctor says that Mary must lie down and rest an hour every afternoon.,下蛋,位于,说谎,躺下,2. rest n. & v. 放松；休息,归纳 have a rest = take a rest = rest 休息,拓展 rest作名词时，还有“剩余部分”的意思，常与定冠词the连用。当the rest或“the rest of the + 名词”做主语时，谓语动词的数要与the rest表示的名词在数上保持一致。,【活学活用】 根据汉语意思完成句子。 这封电子邮件是写给我的，其余的电子邮件是写给你的。 This e-mai

14、l is for me, and _ for you.,the rest of the e-mails are,3. break n. 间歇；休息 v. 打破；打碎,归纳 take breaks (take a break) 休息 have a break (课间)休息一下 break the rule 违反规则 break the record 打破记录 break off 突然中止；中断 break down 停止运转；出故障,4. trouble n. 问题；苦恼 (不可数名词),归纳 get into trouble 惹麻烦；陷入困境 be in trouble 有烦事、有困难 hav

15、e trouble in doing sth. 做某事有困难,【活学活用】单项选择 Jack, I have _ working out the math problem. Dont worry. Let me help you. A. fun B. trouble C. experience,B,5. sick adj. 生病的；有病的,sick & ill,【活学活用】 根据句意，用ill或sick填空。 1) The driver sent the _ baby to the hospital. 2) My brother is _. I have to look after him a

16、t home.,sick,ill / sick,6. breathe v. 呼吸,拓展 breath n. 呼吸,归纳 take a deep breath 做深呼吸 hold ones breath 屏住呼吸,7. risk n. & v. 危险；风险；冒险,归纳 take a risk / take risks 冒险 at risk 有危险，冒风险 at the risk of . 冒着的风险,8. mean v. 意思是；打算；意欲,归纳 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 mean to do 打算去做某事,拓展 meaning n. 意思，意义 meaningful adj

17、. 有意义的，意味深长的 meaningless adj. 没有意义的,9. decision n. 决定；抉择,归纳 make a decision 做决定 拓展 decide v. 决定 decide to do sth. 决定做某事,10. control n.& v. 限制；约束；管理,归纳 be in control of 掌管；管理 be in the control of 在掌管/管理下 【活学活用】 根据汉语意思完成句子 A _ B A管理、控制B A _B A在B的控制之中 （A受制于B）,is in control of,is in the control of,11. d

18、eath n. 死；死亡 (不可数名词),拓展 die v. 死；死亡(短暂性动词) 指生命的结束，强调“死”的动作。 过去式/过去分词 died 现在分词 dying dead adj. 死亡的 表示“死了多长时间”要用表示延续性的 be dead。,12. notice n. 通知；通告；注意 v. 注意到；意识到,归纳 notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事 notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做某事 强调动作经常发生；或注意到某事发生的全过程。,【活学活用】 1) 根据句意和汉语提示完成句子。 I saw a _ (通知) on the black

19、board. 2) 单项选择 I noticed Tony _ a model plane in the living room. A. made B. making C. to make D. makes,notice,B,13. lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的,【活学活用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 1) 露西一个人的时候，通常会看电视。 Lucy usually watches TV when she is _. 2) 我独自住在这个房子里，但是从不觉得孤独。 I live in the house _, but I never feel _. 3) 这个故事是关于一位孤独的老人

20、和他的狗。 The story is about a(n) _ old man and his dog.,alone,alone,lonely,lonely,The old man often feels _ because his children live far away. A. crazy B. lonely C. hungry D. sleepy,B,14. several pron. 几个；数个；一些 adj. 几个的；数个的 (接可数名词的复数形式),归纳 several of 几个 后面接可数名词复数形式或人称代词宾 格。 e.g. Several of apples are

21、bad. Several of us went to the movies last night.,15. repair v. 修理；修补,repair & mend,16. difficulty n. 困难；难题,归纳 have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难,17. excited adj. 激动的；兴奋的,excited & exciting,18. interest n. 兴趣；关注 v. 使感兴趣；使关注,归纳 be interested in . 对感兴趣,（二）短语,1. have a cold = catch a cold 感冒,拓展 常见“

22、患病”的短语：,2. get off 下车 拓展 get on 上车 get into 陷入；参与 get up 起床；起来 get back 回来 get out 出去 get ready 做好准备 get together 相聚 get over 克服 get on / along well with sb. 与某人和睦相处,3. be use to 习惯于；适应于,拓展 be / get used to doing 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事(被动语态) used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(现在不做了),Li Ming used _ on

23、 the right in China, but he soon got used _ on the left in England. A. to drive; to drive B. driving; driving C. to driving; to drive D. to drive; to driving,D,【活学活用】单项选择,4. run out (of) 用尽；耗尽,run out (of) run out,5. cut off 切除；剪下,拓展 cut down 砍倒；削减 cut up 切碎 cut in 插嘴；干预 cut in line 插队 cut out 删掉；切除

24、,拓展 keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事 keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事,6. keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事 一直/不断地做某事,拓展 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 give out 分发；散发 give away 捐赠；赠给 give back 归还 give in 让步，屈服 give off 散发（液体、气体等）,7. give up 放弃,In the song I Bet My Life, the US rock band Imagine Dragon tells people neve

25、r to _ catching their dreams. A. give up B. give out C. give in D. give off,A,【活学活用】单项选择,拓展 wake up 叫醒；醒来 look up 查阅；查找 eat up 吃光 set up 建立；创立 put up 张贴；建起；搭起 cheer up (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来,8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净,拓展 catch up with（落后）赶上 keep up with 跟上，不落在后面， 了解（最新的发展等） put up with 忍受，容忍 end up with 以结束等,9. c

26、ome up with 想出；提出 (主意、计划、回答等),come常见搭配 come back 回来 come in 进来 come true 实现 come out 开花；出版；发行 come up 破土而出；发生 come on 快点；加油,拓展 put down 放下；记下 put out 熄灭 put away 收起来 put on 穿上；戴上 put up 张贴,10. put off 推迟,We have to _ the bike ride because of the bad weather. A. put off B. turn off C. take off D. get

27、 off,A,【活学活用】单项选择,拓展 hand in hand 手拉手 hand in 交上去 out of hand 难以控制；无法控制,11. hand out 分发,拓展 call on sb. 拜访某人 call for 要求，需要 call off 取消,12. call up 打电话给(某人)；征召,拓展 care about 在乎；在意；关心,13. care for = look after/ take care of 照顾 = like / love 非常喜欢,拓展 try for 试图获得，力争，赢得 try on 试穿（衣物） try ones best 尽力,14.

28、 try out 参加选拔；试用,15. take after (外貌或行为)像,take after look like,拓展 set about 开始（做某事） set down 放下；记下 set off 动身，出发 set out 动身，出发；着手，开始,16. set up 建起；设立,拓展 make no difference 没有作用，没有影响 make all the / some difference 很有/有一些影响,17. make a difference 影响；有作用,（三）句式,1. Whats the matter?,本句用于询问病情，翻译为“怎么了？”。询问“(

29、某人)怎么了？” Whats the matter (with sb.)?” Whats wrong (with sb.)? Whats the trouble (with sb.)? Whats ones trouble?,2. the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.,see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 强调动作正在进行 see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事 强调动作经常发生或看到某事发生的全过程,3. His love for mountain climbing is so great

30、 that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. sothat 如此以至于 so that+否定句 = tooto e.g. He is so young that he cant go to school. = He is too young to go to school.,4. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. make it possible (for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成为可能,情态动词should的用法

31、(Unit 1) should表示“应该；应当”，后跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。should常用于提出意见或建议。 e.g. You should have a good rest first.,反身代词 (Unit 1) 反身代词由“人称代词的宾格或形容词性物主代词+-self / -selves”构成,有人称和数的变化，可译为“本人；本身”，为加强语气也常译为“亲自；自己”。,反身代词通常用在一些表达中： dress oneself 给自己穿衣服 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 help oneself to sth. 随便吃点 learn by oneself 自学 teach

32、 oneself 自学 cut oneself 割 / 切着自己 take care of oneself 照顾自己 hurt oneself 伤着自己 keep . to oneself 保密,动词不定式 (Unit 2) 动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成的，有时to可以省略，它是非谓语动词的一种。 动词不定式在句子中不能单独作谓语，也没有人称和数的变化，其否定结构是“not to +动词原形”。,动词不定式在句中的作用 1. 作主语。动词不定式作主语时，可用形式主语it代替，而把真正的主语动词不定式后置。 e.g. To drive so fast is dangerous. =It

33、is dangerous to drive so fast. 2. 作表语。 e.g. His dream is to be a doctor.,3. 不定式作宾语 常见的后面可以接不定式作宾语的动词有agree, choose, decide, expect, fail, hope, learn, prepare, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish等。,4. 不定式作宾语补足语 常见的后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有allow, ask, encourage, expect, invite, teach, tell, want, warn,

34、 wish等。 e.g. The teacher told us to do Exercise One. 使役动词let, make, have和感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, feel等词后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。 e.g. We often hear him sing on the playground.,5. 作定语。动词不定式作定语时，要放在所修饰词的后面。 e.g. The best way to learn English is reading aloud. 6. 作状语。 动词不定式作状语时，可表示目的、结果等。 e.g. To get a g

35、ood seat she arrived at the hall early. (表示目的) The boy is old enough to take care of himself. (表示结果),注意： 1. what, which, who, where, when, how等疑问词与不定式连用，在句中起名词的作用，可以作宾语。 e.g. He doesnt know what to do next. 2. had better, would rather, have nothing to do but ., Why not .?, Will / Would / Could you p

36、lease .?后面接不带to的动词 不定式。 e.g. You had better do some exercise every day.,从A、B、C(、D)三或四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。,1. she is too busy to help us finish the work. Less do it _. A. herself B. myself C. itself D. ourselves (2018 天津),D,2. Dad, could you please teach _ English? Sure! But it s more important to lea

37、rn it by _. A. my; yourself B. my; you C. me; you D. me; yourself (2018 内蒙古呼和浩特),D,3. Linda and Kitty will go to Greenery Theme Park by _ next Sunday. A. they B. them C. their D. themselves (2017 江苏南京),D,4. Believing in _ is a very important rule for you to get along well with others. A. myself B. h

38、imself C. yourself (2017 山西),C,5. The woman made his son _ finally after she told him some jokes. A. Laughed B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughing (2018 吉林通化),6. Father often tells me _ too much time on computer games. A. dont spend B. not spend C. not to spend D. not spending (2018 河南),C,C,7. We only pl

39、anned _ the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours. A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watched (2017 天津),C,8. Jack, remember _ off the lights when _ the home. OK, I wont forget, Mom. A. turning; leaving B. to turn; leave C. turning; left D. to turn; leaving (2017 湖北黄石),D,一、就医(Se

40、eing the doctor) A. Whats the matter / Whats wrong / Whats the trouble (with you)? Have you got / Do you have a cough / headache / cold .? How long have you been like this? Its nothing serious. / Theres nothing wrong with you.,Youve got a bad cold. Take this medicine three times a day. Drink plenty

41、of water and have a good rest. Youll be all right / well soon.,B. Theres something wrong with my head / stomach . Ive got / I have a cough / headache / cold . Im not feeling well. / I dont feel well. I feel terrible / bad / awful. Ive got a pain here. I dont feel like eating anything. I cant sleep w

42、ell.,二、提供帮助(Offering help) A. Can / Could / May I help you? / What can I do for you? / Is there anything I can do for you? Let me help you carry the box. Would you like some help? / Would you like me to help you? / Do you want me to help you?,B. Yes, thanks. / Yes, please. Thanks / Thank you for your