英国文学课件lecture-3-Renaissance.ppt
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- 英国文学 课件 lecture Renaissance
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1、 Lecture 3 An Age of Renaissance An Overview of Renaissance The aspects of the Renaissance Background and Writers of The English Renaissance How Renaissance occurred in Europe?In 1453,the Turks seized Constantinople which had been the center of Mediterranean civilization for a thousand years.When Co
2、nstantinople fell to the hands of the Turks,many of its Greek teachers fled with their libraries to Italy and taught in Italian universities.The Renaissance(rebirth“in French)was a cultural and intellectural movement that spanned roughly the 14th through the 17 century,beginning in Italy and later s
3、preading to the rest of Europe.Thus,in the late 14th and 15th centuries,scholars in western European countries had a keen interest in the Greek and Latin culture.The art and science of ancient Greece and Rome were being born again after long years of neglect.This intellectual and literary movement i
4、s called Renaissance,a French word which means“rebirth”in English.This movement began in Italy,and later spread to France,Spain,the Netherlands,and England.Renaissance is considered as the great flowering of art,architecture,politics,and the study of literature,and is also usually seen as the end of
5、 the Middle Ages and the beginning of the modern world.The emphasis of the Renaissance is humanism.Renaissance Humanism is the spirit of learning that developed at the end of the middle ages with the revival of classical letters and a renewed confidence in the ability of human beings to determine fo
6、r themselves truth and falsehood.Humanism:The ideal of Renaissance is humanism,which emphasized the welfare of human beings.According to humanist scholars,it was against human nature to sacrifice the happiness of this life for an after life.They argued that man should be given full freedom to enrich
7、 their intellectual and emotional life.In religion they demanded the reformation of the church.In art and literature,instead of singing praise to God,they sang in praise of man and of the pursuit of happiness in this life.Humanism shattered the shackles of spiritual bondage of mans mind by the Roman
8、 Catholic Church and opened his eyes to“a brave new world”in front of him.To some English Renaissance,humanism did not mean that there was nothing to do with God.To Edmund Spenser,for instance,God is the first principle,and all human actions and behaviours should not be contradictory to the divine l
9、aws of God.That is,the natural grace should not contradict with the divine grace.The features of the Renaissance 1 thirsty curiosity for the classical learning in Greek and Latin authors 2 keen interest in the activities of humanityPainting Tribute Money Masaccio 1426-27 Fresco,255 x 598 cm Sandro B
10、otticelli 桑德罗波提且利 1478 La PrimaveraLeonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)The Last Supper 1483Virgin Mary with Christ-child on her knee.The child is dressed in gold,his right hand held out in blessing.In his left hand he holds a scroll.On the left and right were Emperor John II Comnenus and Empress Irene.Rapha
11、el Sanzio 1506 Raphaels Madonna with Christ and St.John the BaptistSculpture and Architecture Filippo Brunelleschi 1419-1426 Foundling Hospital Michelangelo (1475-1564)David 1501-1504Politics Niccolo Machiavelli(1469-1527)The Prince The exercise of state power without the intervention of the church
12、In 1534,English King Henry VIII declared the break with the PopEducation and Ethics The nature of man is a divine capacity,but it needs nurture to develop its highest potentialities Erasmus:“men are not born,they are made.”Italian Guazzo:“nature always tendeth to the best,so that of good parents,oug
13、ht naturally to come good children.”The model man:a man,by virture of his moral and intellectual excellencee,to be a good citizen or“governor”Religion In 1517,Martin Luther(1483-1546)tacked a parchment on the door of the collegiate church of Wittenberg,attacking Roman Catholic doctrine of indulgence
14、s,thus,pushing the waves of reformation As a result of the translation of the Bible into the vernacular language,the reading and study of Bible not only put emphasis on individuals and their religious rights,but also produced inevitable concern for increased literacy.Science and technology Printing
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