]人教新课标常识点温习-必修一Unit4Earthquak课件.ppt

1、Unit 4Earthquakes 熟记单词1 (v.&n)摇动，颤抖2 (v.&n)上升，起身3 (adj.)发臭的，有臭味的4 (n.)管，导管5 (n.&vi.)爆裂，爆发6 (n.)运河，水道shakerisesmellypipeburst canal7 (n.)蒸汽，水汽8 (n.)钢，钢铁9 (vt.)伤害，损害10 (vt.)破坏，毁灭，消灭11 (n.)水坝，堰堤12 (adj.)无用的，无效的，无益的13 (v.&n)震惊，震动；休克，打击steam steelinjure destroy dam useless shock14 (n.&vt.)营救，援救15 (n.)电，电

2、学16 (n.)灾难，灾祸17 (v.)组织，安排18 (vt.)埋葬，掩埋，隐藏19 (n.)避身处，掩蔽处20 (adj.)新鲜的，无经验的rescueelectricitydisasterorganizebury shelterfresh翻译词组1马上，立刻 2结束，终结 3发现，掘出 4煤矿 5许多，大量的 6分发，发出 7成千上万 8满不在乎，对评价差 right away at an end dig out coal mine a(great)number of give out tens of thousands of think little of 9倒塌 10醒来，唤醒 11

3、在户外，在露天 12为感到骄傲 13丧生，遇害 14朝方向 15筹款 16绝望 fall down wake up in the open air be proud of lose ones life in the direction of raise money lose hope 短文填空 根据课文A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDNT SLEEP完成下列短文。Several days before July 28,1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells and fel

4、l.The water pipes in some buildings cracked and .They were signs for the earthquake.But people in the city didnt think much these.At 3 42 am that day，the earth began to shake，destroyed the city.Many people，(include)workers and doctors，came to those (trap)under the ruins.Later that afternoon，another

5、big quake struck Tangshan.More people (kill)or injured and buildings fell down.Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers.Teams were organized to dig out the trapped and (bury)the dead.rose burst of which including rescue trapped were killed more bury.单词拼写1The sun _(升起)in the east every day.

6、2When food goes bad，it becomes _(有味)3When water is heated to 100，_(水汽)comes out from it.4Back from the cinema，the couple were _(震惊)on seeing their house broken in.5They _(组织)the youths to form a group to protect the environment.rises smelly steam shocked organized 6They built a d_ on the river to ma

7、ke electricity with the water.7The US started a war in order to d_ Sadams ruling in Iraq.8B_ are still a main kind of building material now.9The soldiers t_ their enemies and forced them to give in.10The dead body of a person used to be b_ under the earth.am estroy ricks rapped uried.短语填空1His car wa

8、s buried by the snow and had to be _.2They my suggestion，which made me a little upset.3Please wait for a moment.Ill find the address for you .4Quite worldfamous paintings are on show in this exhibition.5The children were happy that the long hot summer was at last _.dug out thought little of right aw

9、ay a number of at an end 6We our son for not giving in to such difficulties.7We couldnt continue our way for we had petrol.8The earthquake left the whole town _.What a terrible sight!9You must watch your step so as not to _.10She was shaking with terror _ shed seen something terrible.are proud of ru

10、n out of in ruins fall down as if.完成句子1But the one million people of the city，(对这些征兆满不在乎)，went to bed as usual that night.(think)2 (有三分之二的人 伤亡)during the earthquake.(injure)3The sound of planes could be heard outside Tangshan (即使空中没有飞机 时)(even)who thought little of these events Twothirds of the peop

11、le died or were injured even when no planes were in the sky.模仿造句1It seemed as if the world was at an end.翻译好像什么事也没有发生过似的。_2Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.翻译我放眼望去，到处都是死亡与毁灭。_3Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.

12、翻译她有三个儿子，他们都当了医生。_It seems as if nothing has happened.Everywhere I looked there was death and destruction.She had three sons，all of whom became doctors.4Our office would like to have_you_speak to the park visitors on July 28.翻译我们学校想请你明天给学生作个报告。_5Next month the city will open a new park to honour tho

13、se_who died in the terrible disaster.翻译上帝只帮助那些自己帮自己的人。_Our school wants to have you give a lecture to the students tomorrow.God only helps those who help themselves.核 心 词 汇 1.burst vi.爆炸；裂开；突然发生 搭配 (1)burst into“突然闯入；突然开始”，后通常接名词。(2)burst out“突然发生；突然爆发”，后可接动名词。短语翻译 (1)突然哭起来、笑起来、唱起来 burst into _/_/_

14、(2)突然哭起来、笑起来、唱起来 burst out _/_/_tears laughter song crying laughing singing 完成句子(3)飞机坠毁后猛烈燃烧起来。The aircraft crashed and .(4)看到她脸上的表情，他们都大笑起来。They at the expression on her face.联想 burst forth突然出现或发生burst in突然插嘴；打断break out突然发生，爆发break into闯入；突然开始 burst into flames burst out laughing2.rise vi.&n.上升，提高

15、 His voice rose in excitement.他在兴奋中声音提高了。搭配 (1)on the rise 在增长 (2)give rise to 引起 (3)rise to ones feet 站起身 提示 rise也可用作可数名词，意为“上升，上涨；增长；升级(长 工资)”。如：Soon he got a rise.不久他加了工资。give sb.a rise给 某人加工资。辨析 rise/raise/arise rise不及物动词，作上升讲时指继续上升，常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、水蒸汽、物价、温度、河水、潮水及人的职位等；raise及物动词，举起，提出，饲养，种植，用作“举起”

16、时，往往 有使物体达到应有的高度的含义，可用于具体或抽象的事物。arise由产生的；起床，起身，起立。3.bury vt.埋葬；掩藏 搭配 bury oneself in./be buried in.埋头于；专心于 完成句子 (1)离婚后，她埋头于工作。After the divorce，she .(2)他专心学习。He .(3)你的信被压在一堆文件底下。Your letter _ under a pile of papers.(4)他双手插在口袋里缓步而行。He walked slowly，_ his pockets.buried herself in her work was buried

17、 in his studies got buried his hands buried in 4ruin n.废墟复数；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产 搭配 be/lie in ruins严重受损，破败不堪 根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。(1)我们参观了那个庙宇的遗迹。We visited _ of the temple.(2)不要用粗糙的(harsh)肥皂洗脸。那会损坏你的皮肤。Dont use harsh soap to wash your face.It will .(3)那城堡现在已成了一片废墟了。The castle now .the ruins ruin your skin lies in

18、ruins 5injure vt.伤害，使受伤，损害 说出下列各句的大意。(1)Three people were killed and five injured in the crash._ (2)He injured his knees yesterday._ (3)I hope I didnt injure her feelings._ (4)Dishonesty injures a business._撞车事故中三人死亡，五人受伤。他昨天伤了膝盖。我希望我没有伤害她的感情。欺骗有害生意。派生 用injure的适当形式填空。(5)_ adj.有害的(harmful)(6)_ n伤害，损害

19、(7)He suffered serious _ to the arms and legs.(8)Smoking is _ to health.辨析 injure，hurt，wound(1)injure常指在意外事故中受伤，可指身体上或精神上的伤害。(2)hurt没有injure正式，可指身体上的疼痛或精神上的痛苦，也可指感情上的伤害。hurt的伤害可与injure同样严重，也可指较轻的疼痛。(3)wound主要指用刀枪等武器打伤、切伤等，多指在战争中或战斗中受伤，有时也用于精神上的伤害，但远不及前两者常见。injurious injury injuries injurious 用injure

20、，hurt或wound的适当形式填空。(9)In that war he was seriously _ by an enemy bullet.(10)Youll her feelings if you forget her birthday.(11)No one was seriously in the traffic accident.(12)The tight shoe _ my foot.(13)The (伤者)were rushed to hospital.解析：(9)在战争中受伤通常用wound。(10)在伤害情感或自尊，多用hurt或injure。(11)指在事故中受伤，用inj

21、ure或hurt都可以。(12)指轻伤，表示使疼痛，一般只用hurt。(13)表示“受伤的人”用the injured或the wounded。wounded injure/hurt injured/hurt hurt injured/wounded6.judge vt.判断；判决；评价 As far as I can judge，all of them are to blame.依我看，他们都应承 担责任。搭配 (1)judge sb./sth.(to be).认为某人(某事)是 (2)judge.by/from.根据判断 完成句子 (1)这次巡回演出被认为是巨大的成功。The tour w

22、as .(2)在那种情况下，我们认为不去打扰他们是明智的。At that point we _ to leave them alone.(3)你不能根据封面来判断一本书。You cant .(4)人们常以学生的考试分数来评判教师的优劣。Teachers tend to .judged to have been a great success judged it wise judge a book by its cover be judged by their students exam grades 7shock v.(使)震惊；震动n休克；打击；震惊 派生 shocked(人)感到震惊的；s

23、hocking(事)令人震惊的 根据汉语意思，完成英文句子 (1)我听到这个消息十分震惊。(用多种表达法)aI to hear the news.bI the news.c me to hear the news.d.The news a shock.(2)听到这个令人震惊的消息，他感到震惊。He was shocked .was shocked was shocked at It shocked gave me to hear/at the shocking news 8rescue n&vt.援救；营救 搭配 (1)rescue sb./sth.from.抢救，营救，援救 (2)go/co

24、me to ones rescue进行援救；营救某人 辨析 (1)rescue多指在直接的危险或祸患中给予迅速和有效的 救援，较save更能表达拯救的紧迫性，一般指救人；它还有从 监禁中救出的意思。(2)save指通过救援不但使受害者(人或物)能脱离危险或祸患，而且使其能保存下来，有时可与rescue通用。从某种状态中把 某人拯救出来多 用save。用rescue或save填空，并说明理由。(1)只有社会主义才能救中国。Only socialism can _ China.(2)救生艇被派出去救沉船的水手。The life boat was sent out to _ the sailors

25、from the sinking ship.(3)消防队员行动及时，该建筑物方免遭焚毁。The quick action of the firemen _ the building from being burned down.save rescue saved 重 点 短 语 例 释1think little of 对评价不高 有些人对电视上选超级女生评价不高。Some people selecting super girls on TV.联想 think highly/well/a lot/much of 对有好评 think poorly/badly/of 对评价不好 think not

26、hing/little of sth.视为平常；不当一回事 think nothing of it 不用谢，不要介意 speak well/ill of 说的好/坏话think little of 2.give out 分发；发出(气味、热等)；发表；用尽 My legs gave out and I couldnt walk any farther.我腿撑不住了，不能再往前走了。The results of the examination wont be given out.考试结果不会公布。联想 give up 放弃 give in 屈服，让步 give off 发出 give away

27、赠送 give out用完；停止运行 用give的相关短语填空 (1)It was the mayor who _ the prizes to the winners.(2)Finally he _ to my views.(3)Never _ the study of English.(4)Our food will _.gave away gave in give up give out 3at an end 结束，终结(finished)；在末尾 联想 at the end of 在的尽头/末端(指时间、地点等)by the end of 在之前(常与完成时连用)(指时间)in the

28、end 最后，终于(finally)put an end to.结束(vt.)come to an end 结束(vi.)用适当的介词填空 (1)_ the end of last month we went to Shanghai to have a competition.(2)_ the end of last week we had learned six units.(3)_ the end we finished the work ahead of time with their help.(4)Our hard time was _ an end.At By In at 4a n

29、umber of 若干；许多，大量的 A number of questions have been solved.一些问题已经解决了。提示 a number of后接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复 数形式，其中number前可用large，great，small，good等修饰。归纳 a large number of许多，大量的 a small number of少量的 many a后接可数名词单数 a lot of/plenty of后接可数名词复数或不可数名词辨析 a number of/the number ofa number of(大量的)可数名词复数，中心词是复数可数名词，

30、所以其后的谓语动词要用复数形式；the number of(的数量)可数名词复数，中心词是number，所以其后的谓语动词要用单数。改错(1)A number of private colleges has increased._(2)A great many of books are very interesting._AThe of去掉 疑 难 语 句 细 解1.It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！句型 It seemed as if/that.似乎；好像 提醒 根据从句所说情况是可能的还是假设，而采用陈述或虚拟 语气。根据汉语

31、意思填空 (1)他们似乎正在为出租车费而争执。It seem that _ about the taxi fare.(They seem to be arguing about the taxi fare.)(2)好像什么事也没有发生过似的。It seemed as if nothing _.(3)现在仿佛已经是春天了。It seems as if _ already.they are arguing had happened it was spring 2Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切

32、都几乎被毁了。句型 Everywhere.无论哪里，都。说明 everywhere意为“无论哪儿”，在句中引导一个状语从句，相当于wherever。根据汉语意思，完成英语句子。(1)无论他走到哪儿，他的狗就跟到哪儿。Everywhere he goes，_.(2)他们不论出现在哪儿，都会遇到强烈的抗议。，they would meet with strong protests.(3)持有专用火车票，就可以到欧洲你喜欢的任何地方去旅游。With a special train ticket you can travel _.his dog will follow him Everywhere t

33、hey appeared everywhere you like 3there be 句型 There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.(主语)停车点离家近，真是方便极了。Its impossible for there to be any more.不可能再有了。表示“某个事物”在“什么地方”，其结构为“there be主语其他 成分”。there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原 则。归纳 There happen to be 碰巧 There seem to be 似乎(有)There is lik

34、ely to be 可能 There may/might be 可能(会)There must be 一定 There cant be 不可能 There is said to be 据说(有)Theres reported to be 据报道(有)There used to be 过去常常 Theres sure/certain to be 一定会(1)There _(be)a desk and three chairs in the room.(2)There _(be)three chairs and a desk in the room.(3)There _(存在)no life on

35、 the moon.(4)There _(仍有)some problems to be solved.(5)There _(升起)a heavy smoke on the roof.(6)There _(似乎)to be something wrong.(7)There _(碰巧)to be a tree on the top.(8)There _(据说)to be troops on the frontier.is are exists remain rose appears happens was said (9)There (希望)to be more discussion.(10)We

36、 expect there _(不再有争辩)(11)He was disappointed at there _(能做的事太少)(12)There (房间里没有人)，he didnt go in.(13)It was too late for there _(没有公共汽车了)is expected to be no arguments being so little to do being nobody in the roomto be any buses 怎样快速捕捉主题句(四)【方法技巧】主题句位于As a result，Therefore，So，In conclusion，To sum

37、up等信息词后。你要知道，这些表示结论性信息词后，通常就会出现文章的主题句了。【实例验证】The government of India encourages married men and women to be sterilized so they cannot have more children.In China，families can be punished for having more than one child.Both of these countries have very large populations，and if the number of people co

38、ntinues to increase，there will not be enough food，houses，or jobs for the people.As a result，India，China，and other populous countries are following a familyplanning policythey want families to limit the number of children they will have.Teachers，doctors and social workers are explaining to the people

39、 why they should have fewer children by using birth control methods such as contraception(避孕)and sterilization(节育)Which statement best expresses the main idea of the paragraph?ASome populous countries are following a familyplanning policy.BIndia and China have very large populations.CThe government

40、of India encourages sterilization.DIn China，families are punished for having more than one child.答案：A 【实践应用】Throughout the history of the arts，the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists.No matter what objects they select，artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause chang

41、eto find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before.Landscape(风景)is another unchanging element of art.It can be found from ancient times through the 17thcentury Dutch painters to the 19thcentury romanticists and impressionists.In the 1970s Alfred Leslie，one of the new American realis

42、ts，continued this practice.Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole，a romanticist，had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before.Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature，Leslie paints what he actually sees.In his paint

43、ings，there is no particular change in emotion，and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background.He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography to help both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom.Besides,all art begs the age

44、old question:What is real?Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another.The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects，the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes，and the CroMagnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the an

45、imals in the ancient forests.To sum up，understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods.Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant.Past or present，Eastern or Western，the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience.Many and differen

46、t are the facts of art，and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings.What is the authors opinion of artistic reality?AIt will not be found in future works of art.BIt does not have a longlasting standard.CIt is expressed in a fixed artistic form.DIt is lacking in modern works of a

47、rt.答案：B实 战 演 练 A few years ago，Paul Gerner began to gather a group of architects in Las Vegas to ask them what it would take to design a public school that used 50 percent less energy，cost much less to build and obviously improved student learning.“I think half of them fell off their chairs，”Gerner

48、says.Gerner manages school facilities(设施)for Clark County，Nevada，a district roughly the size of Massachusetts.By 2018,143,000 additional students will enter the already crowded publiceducation system.Gerner needs 73 new schools to house them.Four architecture teams have nearly finished designing pri

49、mary school prototypes(样品)；they plan to construct their schools starting in 2009.The district will then assess how well the schools perform，and three winners will copy those designs in 50 to 70 new buildings.Green schools are appearing all over，but in Clark County，which stands out for its vastness，s

50、uch aggressive targets are difficult because design requirements like more natural light for students go against the realities of a desert climate.“One of the biggest challenges is getting the right site orientation(朝向)，”Mark McGinty，a director at SH Architecture，says.His firm recently completed a h