初中英语中考语法知识讲解及训练：宾语从句.docx

1、宾语从句1、 宾语从句的定义及种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when

2、, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives the

3、re. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.1 - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said? David? - Yes, Mum A. what B. that C. why D. If2 The teacher asked the new student _ class he was in. A which B. where C. if D. That3 There is not much difference between the two. I really dont

4、 know _. A. what should I choose B which I should choose C. which should I choose D. what I should choose4 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C when D. that5 Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A what B when C why D how6 He asked me _told me the accident. A whom B wh

5、ich C who D whose7. They dont know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when well have the meeting.1. Do you know where _ now?Ahe

6、 lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live2 I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas meanB what Christmas means C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas mean三. 宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。 如：I dont think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is.2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语

7、从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。 例如：He asked what time it was. He asked if you had written to Peter.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.宾语从句需要注意的一些点: 1. that 的省略：e.g. I guess

8、(that) somebody else has borrowed it.当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that,其他不能省略。 egI believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better2. 宾语从句的否定转移：主句是I/We think/suppose/guess/believe等时，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。如：我认为鸡不会游泳。误：I think chickens can not swim. 正：I dont think chickens can swim.此外，上

9、述情况在变成反意疑问句时，附加疑问句要看从句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加疑问句要看主句。试比较：I think he is wrong, isnt he? He thinks he is right, doesnt he?(1)I dont think he is right,_? Aisnt he B is he Cdo I Ddont I(2). He believes she is right, _?A doesnt he Bdoes he Cis she Disnt she if/whetherif/whether都可作宾语从句的引导词，意为“是否”，在一般情况下可以互换。if

10、多用于口语和非正式文体中，whether则多用于比较正式的文体中。如：e.g. She asked me if/whether I could help her with her English. I dont know if/whether it is going to rain.难点：1. 从句中的语序为陈述语序；e.g. *Do you know how old is she? (应改为：how old she is)2. 从句中的时态与主句时态前后呼应。e.g. *She didnt tell me when she will come. (应改为：when she would com

11、e) 3.转换：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句可用疑问代词和疑问副词动词不定式替代，进行句型上的转换。e.g. Ive no idea what were going to do next. = Ive no idea what to do next.Could you tell me how I can get to the post office? = Could you tell me how to get to the post office?难点：宾语从句中的It 可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句 动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足

12、语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together. 我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯. I think it no use crying. 有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it I hate it when they with their

13、 mouths full of food.Please see to it that the door is closedDont take it for granted that we help you.I would appreciate it if you could help me.练习：1.(2010 .河北中考 Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _?A. where you buy it B. where do you buy itC. where you bought it D. where did you buy it2.(2

14、010.盐城中考)Excuse me .Could you tell me_I can get to the Space Museum? -Of course.You can take bus No.1.A.whereB.howC.ifD.why3.（2010.自贡中考）Do you know _the new mobile phone last week? -Maybe 900 yuan. Im not quite sure.A.how much she paid forB.how much will she pay forC.how much did she pay for4.(2010潍

15、坊中考)Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life.And thats _ he succeeds .A.whatB.whenC.whyD.where5.(2010潍坊中考)Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie.Its about _.A.how did Alice end the Red Queens reign of terror（恐怖统治）B.what did Alice end the Red Queens reign of terrorC.how Alice ended

16、 the Red Queens reign of terrorD.what Alice ended the Red Queens reign of terror6.（2010南京中考）Do you know _the girl in red is ? -Im not sure.Maybe a teacher.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what7.(2010.无锡中考)What did your parents thank about your decision? -They always let me do_I think I should.A.whenB.thatC.howD.

17、what8.(2010上海中考)I want to know _.A.when we should arrive at the airportB.when should we arrive at the airportC.when the airport we should arrive atD.when the airport should we arrive at9.（2010晋江中考） -Would you please tell me _? -At 10:00 this evening. A. when will the train leaveB. when the train wil

18、l leave C. when does the train leave10.（2010成都中考）Could you tell me_? -Fill in this form and I will give you a card.A.how I can meet CathyB.where I can meet CathyC.when I can meet Cathy11. (2009南昌) Do you know _ the man with sunglasses is?-Im not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. who B. what C. where D. how1

19、2. (2009孝感中考) -Tommy, do you know if Frank _ to the zoo this Sunday if it _? -Sorry, I have no idea. A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine 。13. (2009东营中考) No one can be sure_ in a million years.A. what man looks like B. what will man look like C.

20、what man looked like D. what man will look like14. (2009德州中考) Sue told me that she _ shopping with her sister the next day.A. will goB. would go C. goesD. has gone15. (2009河北中考) The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _.A. how much it cost B. how much did it costC. how much it costs D. how muc

21、h does it cost16. (2009德州中考) -When do you think _?-About half past five. I will pick him up at the airport.A. he will come B. will he come C. did he comeD. he came17. (2009广东中考) Our teacher told us the sun _ in the east.A. rise B. rose C. rising D. rises18. (2009宜昌中考) -Listen!Itisstillnoisy inthe he

22、adteachers office.-Goandsee _ they have finishedcorrectingthe papers yet.A. though B. whether C. unless D. while19. (2009河南中考) -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?-Sorry. I dont know _.A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroadC. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroa

23、d20. (2009江西中考) Do you know _ the man with sunglasses is?-Im not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. who B. what C. where D. how 21. (2008陕西中考) He asked me _ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane.A. that B. if C. how D. what 22. (2009绵阳中考) -Excuse me. Could you tell me _?-Yes. There is a video sho

24、p next to the tall building.A. where can I buy some CDs B. where I can buy some CDsC. when can I buy some CDs D. when I can buy some CDs 23. (2008恩施中考)I dont know if my uncle _. If he _, I will be very happy.A. comes; will come B. will come; will come C. comes; comes D. will come; comes24. (2008鸡西中考

25、) My physics teacher said that light _ faster than sound.A. travel B. travels C. traveled25. (2008河北中考) You are growing so fast. Can you tell me _ now?A. how fast are you B. how fast you areC. how tall are you D. how tall you are 26. (2008福州中考) -Excuse me, could you tell me _? -Certainly. Go straigh

26、t ahead and youll see it on your left.A. where the post office is B. when you will visit the museum C. where is the post office D. when will you visit the museum 27. (2008烟台中考) I wanted to know _, but no one would like to tell me.A. what did the old man say B. what the old man need C. what did the o

27、ld man want D. what the old man meant 28. (2008长春中考) -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? -Yes. There is a video shop on River Road. A. where can I buy some CDsB. where I can buy some CDsC. when can I buy some CDsD. when I can buy some CDs 29. (2008随州中考) -Do you think _ a concert in our school hall this weekend?-Yes, there will.A. there will have B. there will be C. will there be D. will there have 30. (2008贵阳中考) -Could you please tell me _?-Its next to the hotel.A. where is the museum B. the museum is where C. where the museum is 第 10 页 共 10 页