中考英语语法专题：形容词专项复习训练（含答案）.doc

1、中考英语语法专项复习 形容词 中考对形容词考查的频率很高，对形容词的考查主要侧重词文辨析和比较级、最高级的用法。考生在复习时应注意熟记形容词比较级的构成及用法，以及与频率相关的形容词及形容词短语的用法，特别要注意以ed和ing结尾的形容词的用法和区别。对于形容词的考察，通常出现在语法填空或完形填空中。一、形容词的句法作用形容词的句法作用作定语作表语作宾语补足语形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。1.作定语,放在名词之前,不定代词之后.The nice girl is my sister.I have something important to tell you.

2、有少数形容词只能作表语,不能作定语,如alone,afraid,asleep,awake,alive,well等.2.作表语,放在系动词之后.形容词作表语,与系动词be,grow,get,become,feel,appear,seem,look,smell,sound,taste,turn,remain,keep等连用.He looks very happy.In autumn the leaves turn yellow.3.作宾补,放在宾语之后.You must keep your eyes closed.Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.Pl

3、ease leave the door open.、 2、 形容词在句子中的位置形容词在句子中的位置作定语时放在名词的前面且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前作表语时放在连系动词之后作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后后置的情况修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置1) 作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如：a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)2) 作表语时放在连系动词之后。如：The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)3) 作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如：We mus

4、t try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)4) 后置的情况： 修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如：Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故) 与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。如：Hes 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)3、 形容词的原级、比较级和最高级形容词的原级、比较级和最高级分

5、类规则变化不规则变化形容词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法原级比较级最高级I、分类：形容词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。II、规则变化:(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。a)直接加er,est ：b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most.III、不规则变化:原级比较级最高级good好的better更好的best最好的well好；(身体)好的,bad,b

6、adly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的ill(身体)不舒服的many许多的(可数)more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多(不可数)；非常little少的less更少的least最少的far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的；最远地further进一步的(地)furthest最深刻的(地)IV.形容词的原级的用法 1.说明人或事物自身的特征,性质或状态时用形容词原级.The flowers in the garden are beautiful.2.有表示绝对概念的副词very,s

7、o,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原级.The boy is too young.3.表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级.肯定句中的结构:A.+as+形容词原级+as+B.English is as interesting as Chinese.否定句中的结构:A.+as/so+形容词原级+as+B.This book isnt so new as that one.部分双音节和多音节形容词的否定句的结构相当于less+形容词原级+than.He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.表示A是B的.倍时,用

8、A.+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B结构(一倍:once;两倍:twice;三倍及以上:基数词+times)Our school is three times as big as theirs.half as+形容词原级+as表示.是.的一半.Her room is half as big as yours.V.形容词比较级的用法 1.表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级,其结构为A.+比较级+than+BLilys room is bigger than mine.备注:为了避免重复,常用the one,that,those等词来代替前面出现过的名词.其中the one代替可数名词单数形式,t

9、he ones或those代替可数名词复数形式,that代替不可数名词.The weather in Beijing is colder than that of Guangzhou in winter.2.a little,a bit,a great deal,a lot,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰形容词时,该形容词可以用比较级.It is much colder today than yesterday.3.表示两者之间进行选择哪一个更.时,用句型which/who is+形容词比较级,A or B?表示.4.表示大几倍时,用倍数+比较级+than表

10、示.This room is three times bigger than that one.5.表示两者之间比较.的一个(of the two)时,常用the+比较级结构.Mary is the taller of the twins.6.表示越来越.,用比较级重叠结构,即比较级+and+比较级,当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时,用more and more+形容词原级.Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.7.表示越.就越.时,用the+比较级,the +比较级结构.The more,the better.8.farther和furtherfa

11、r的比较级是farther和further.其用法区别是:在谈论地点,方向或距离时,farther和further可以互换.但further还有更多,进一步,此外,而且等含义,这时不能与farther互换使用.There is a gas station a few miles farther down the road.We must get further information.9.older和elderold的比较级是older是elder.older常用于比较的句型中,表示较老的,较旧的,年级较大的.elder一般用于比较年龄的长幼,指血缘,意为年长的.Your bike is ol

12、der than mine.Hes older than you.Hes my elder brother.10.在同一范围内比较时,必须把主体排除在被比较的范围之外.China is larger than any country in Africa.VI.形容词最高级的用法.1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式.形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围.Shanghai is the biggest city in China.2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时,用which/who is+the+最高级,A,B or C?结构.W

13、hich city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Hangzhou?3.表示最.的.之一时,用one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式.Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.4.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词,表示第几最.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.5.形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词,指示代词,名词所有格等修饰,此时不能再用定冠词.This is our best lesson today.Mon

14、day is my busiest day.6.形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义.Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.=Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.=No one is as tall as Li Lei in his class.=No one is talle

15、r than Li Lei in his class.=Li Lei is taller than any of the other students in his class.=Li Lei is taller than the rest of the students in his class.7.of和in用于最高级结构中的区别of表示对象范围,of后的名词与主语是同一概念范围;in表示环境范围,in后的名词和主语不是同一概念范畴.Tom is the tallest boy of the four.Tom is the tallest boy in the class.考点一：作定语，

16、一般放在所修饰词的前面。但形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后；形容词修饰疑问代词时，也须放在其后。作表语，放在系动词的后面。常见的系动词有be，become，get(变)，make(使)，turn(变)，keep(保持)，feel，look(看起来)，seem，smell，sound，taste。作宾语补足语。形容词作宾补时，应放在宾语之后，表示宾语的性质、状态等。典例1：(2016，济宁)Have you heard the song Stay Here Forever?Yes.It sounds _Awell B

17、Loudly Csweet Dbeautifully【解析】sounds在此作连系动词，意为“听起来”，后接形容词作表语，故排除B、D两项。well作形容词，意为“健康的”。【答案】C21-c1.(2013，莱芜)Fred is always_because he often does something good for his health outdoors.Aweak Bnervous Cserious Denergetic2. (2014，重庆)That clothes store is_on weekends.I see.Ill go there next Monday then.A

18、open Bclose Copened Dclosed3.(2016贵州铜仁) There is something _ in todays newspaper. Really Wow, great!A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. interests4. (2017广东深圳 15)She got full marks in the math exam. Her parents were _ her.A. satisfied with B. tired of C. worried about5. (2017黑龙江哈尔滨6)Calligrap

19、hy(书法) is a traditional Chinese art. More and more kids are becoming_ in it.A. interest B. interested C. interesting考点二：表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep 睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的。貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的。典例1：(2016黑龙江哈尔滨)

20、Xi Jinping， our _ president， paid a visit to Harbin last month， How encouraging!A. 63 years old B. 63 years old C. 63-year-old【解析】句意：习近平，我们的六十三岁的总书记，上个月到哈尔滨视察，多么的令人鼓舞！A. 63 years old六十三岁，表示年龄；B. 63 years old结构错误 C. 63-year-old六十三岁的，复合形容词，用来修饰名词。结合句意，故选C。【答案】C举一反三1. (2017山东泰安 22)It is five years sinc

21、e we began to enjoy a _ spring holiday each year.A. tenday B. ten day C. ten days D. ten days2.We will have a _ holiday after the exam.Atwo month Btwo-month Ctwo-months Dtwo months考点三：形容词常用句型1.“Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么样”。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good，kind，nice，polite

22、 ，clever ，foolish ，lazy ，careful，careless，right（正确的），wrong等。Its very kind of you to help me.（=You are very kind to help me.）2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。=To do sth is adj for sb .注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important，necessary，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，pleasant，interesting，impossible等。

23、Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.（=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.）3.表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad，pleased，sad，thankful等常接不定式。Im very sad to hear the bad news.4. 表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready（乐意的，有准备的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式。典例1：1.1. (2017四川宜宾26)It is_ for him to get to sc

24、hool on time，because it is raining_.A. hard；hardly B. hardly；hard C. hard；hard【解析】句意：准时上学对他来说很难，因为雨下得很大。第一个空放在系动词is后面，应用形容词hard，意思是“困难的”；第二个空修饰动词raining，应用副词hard，意思是“猛烈的”。故选C。【答案】C举一反三1. Its very kind you to help meA of B for C to 2. Its not easy for them a foreign language.A to learn B learning C l

25、earnt【答案】A考点四：形容词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法典例1：(2016江苏南通)What about yesterdays dragon dance? Oh，its one Ive ever seenAa most wonderful Bmore wonderful Cthe most wonderful Da more wonderful【解析】句意：昨天的舞龙怎么样？哦，这是我见到的最精彩的一次。Ive ever seen我所见到的，表示范围，应该用最高级来表达。形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the。故答案为C。考点：考查形容词最高级的用法。 【答案】C举一反三1.【2016江苏南通

26、】Bob is one of _ boys in Class1, Grade 9.A. cleverB. clevererC. the most cleverD. the cleverest2.(2016湖南衡阳)-Bob is a smart boss!-Yes, so he is. He knows how to cut the cost of the project. And he always does the work with _ money and _ people.A. less; less B. fewer; less C. less; fewer3.(2016江苏宿迁)-W

27、hat do you think of the movie Zootopia?-It is _one Ive ever seen.A.more excited B.more exciting C.the most excited D.the most exciting4.(2016，重庆)That clothes store is_on weekends.I see.Ill go there next Monday then.(2014，重庆)Aopen Bclose Copened Dclosed5.(2014，济宁)Have you heard the song Stay Here For

28、ever?Yes.It sounds _Awell Bloudly Csweet Dbeautifully6.Fred is always_because he often does something good for his health outdoors.(2013，莱芜)Aweak Bnervous Cserious Denergetic7. (2017黑龙江齐齐哈尔7)Our country is getting_. We are proud of it.A. more and more strong B. strong and strong C. stronger and stro

29、nger8. (2017北京 24)The hotel is very old. Its one of _ buildings in the city.A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest9. (2017湖北随州28)Have you seen the movie Baby Plan?【21世纪教育网】Of course. I think its _ movie I have ever seen.A. funny B. funnier C. the most funny D. the funniest10. (2017湖南邵阳 25)Mr. Smith

30、 said his son was as_ as his daughter.A. hardworking B. more hardworking C. the most hardworking11. (2017山东滨州26)How do you like Chinese Poetry Competition on CCTV?Wonderful! Its the _ program Ive ever watched.A. better B. best C. worse D. worstKey:1-5:DCDDC 6-11:DCDDAB 单选题1. (2017内蒙古包头23)Would you l

31、ike to go mountain climbing with us?2Im afraid not. Thats the _ thing in the world I want to do.A. very B. best C. last D. first2. (2017吉林长春 20)Nothing is _ than keeping trying if you want to achieve your dream.A. very important B. more important C. the most important D. as important as3. (2017湖北恩施2

32、7)Among these children，Jim has_ life and he lives_.A. the most happy；most happily B. the happiest；most happily C. the happiest；happiest4. (2017贵州黔西南15)Winter is _ season，and winter vacation is _than summer vacation.A. colder；the shortest B. the coldest；short C. the coldest；shorter D. cold；shorter5.

33、(2017贵州黔东南32)Im too fat. How can I become healthier?You should eat _vegetables and take _ exercise.A. less；more B. less；less C. more；more D. more；less6. (2017云南昆明31)All the students in our class are over fifteen except Nick. He is _ in our school.A. younger B. older C. the youngest D. the oldest7. (

34、2017内蒙古呼和浩特 6)How are you today，Tom?Im even _. I dont think this medicine is good for me.A. worse B. badly C. better D. well8(2017山东滨州29)What do you think of the movie The Fate of the Furious 8?It is _！I enjoy it very much.A.friendly B. fantastic C. awful D. noisy9. (2017海南33)Everyone knows the Yell

35、ow River isnt so _ as the Yangtze River.A. long B. longer C. longest10. (2017湖北孝感23)Good news! I got the last ticket to the concert.How _ you are!A. active B. strange C. lucky D. funny11. (2017湖北宜昌37)The living conditions in the countryside have improved greatly in recent years.The farmers are livin

36、g a much _ life than before.A. happy B. happier C. happily D. happiest12. (2017山东菏泽25)As we all know，Heze is _ its peony(牡丹). It attracts millions of visitors from home and abroad every year.A. popular with B. wellknown as C. famous for13. (2017湖北襄阳39)China is over 5,000 years old. Its one of _ coun

37、tries in the world.Yes. It has much _ history than the USA. A. old；long B. older；longer C. older；the longest D. the oldest；longer14. (2017山东德州 29)As soon as I heard the news that I passed the driving test，I felt_ at once.A. angry B. relaxed C. afraid D. nervous15. (2017 重庆A卷30)The physics problem is

38、 too hard，so _ students can work it out.A. little B. few C. a little D. a few16. (2017福建 27)TFBOYS has a lot of fans. It _ thousands of young people.21世纪*教育网A. is popular with B. is satisfied with C. is strict with2-1-c-n-j-y17. (2017河南24)Miho is _ student because she was born later than anyone else

39、 in her class.A. young B. younger C. the younger D. the youngest18. (2017安徽 40)My deskmate is really _. She likes to attend different activities after school.A. active B. quiet C. lazy D. honest19. (2017甘肃白银13)“Let us move a little faster. We do not have_time left，” said the tour guide.A. few B. lit

40、tle C. many D. muchKey:1-5:CBBCC 6-10:CABAC 11-15:BCDBB 16-19:ADAD1. (2017江苏南通12)I failed to catch the last bus on that cold winter night. I couldnt feel _ then.A. more excited B. more terrible C. the most excited D. the most terrible【出处：21教育名师】2. (2017天津 27)Helping others makes us very _.A. lonely

41、B. proud C. lazy D. harmful3. (2017安徽35)What do you think of the movie?Great! I have never seen a _ one.A. good B. bad C. better D. worse4. (2017江苏连云港 8)How do you like the song Chengdu sung by Zhao Lei?Oh，I have never enjoyed a _ one before.A. worst B. best C. worse D. better5. (2017江苏苏州 12)Millie，

42、now go to have a nice bath and an early night，so that you will be _ for the journey tomorrow.A. safe B. patient C. fresh D. natural6. (2017江苏泰州 3)My little sister is a(n)_ girl and she always asks me different kinds of strange questions.A. curious B. creative C. energetic D. attractive7. (2017江苏宿迁8)

43、Daniel is _ his twin brother. They are both 1.75 metres tall.A. taller than B. shorter than C. as tall as D. so tall as8. (2017江苏盐城 7)I felt much _ after I told the problems to my close friend.A. good B. well C. better D. best9. (2017江苏扬州 6)What are you reading?A book about a baseball player. This g

44、uy was well _ for his devotion to charity work.A. enjoyed B. respected C. behaved D. expected10. (2017江苏扬州 8)Mrs. White is _ enough to spend her spare time on our maths problems.A. confident B. curious C. wise D. generous11. (2017江西32)I want to buy a shirt. But I have a little money.The shirts here are all very cheap. And the yellow one