中考英语语法专项训练：主谓一致.docx

1、主谓一致专讲专练主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化一致，即句中谓语的变化形式要根据句子主语的人称和数的形式决定。主谓一致通常遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则。一、语法一致 语法一致是指主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，其谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，其谓语动词也用复数形式。考点一：一般情况下，主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数可数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。考点二：动词不定式或动词-ing 形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【考例链接】（ ）1. The twins_fond of the new i

2、dea in the magazine article.A. be B. am C. is D. are （2016 上海）（ ）2. One of my friends_moved to America. I miss her so much.A.has B. have C. are （2016湖南郎阳） （ ）3, Playing computer games too much bad for students health .A. am B. is C. are（2016湖南张家界）（ ）4. There_two dictionaries on the bookcase.You can

3、use either of them.A.is B. was C. are D. were（2016吉林长春）考点三：不定代词作主语1.复合不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。2. neither of . / none of .作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。3. either指“两者之中任何一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。either of .作主语时，

4、谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。4. each作同位语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语的数；each of .作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。考点四：当用both . and .连接并列主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。当and连接的两个名词表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数形式；当表示同一人、同一物或同一个概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。 考点五：当主语后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等词语引导的短语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式由主语的单、复数形式决

5、定。 【考例链接】（ ）1. We each WeChat nowadays, even the old people.A. play B. plays C. playing（2016黑龙江龙东地区）（ ）2. 一What would you like, coffee or tea?Either_OK. I dont mind.A. is B.are C. was （2015 湖南郴州）（ ）3. My sister with my parents_ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.A. are making B. is making C

6、. was making D. were making（2016甘肃兰州） （ ）4. Both Kate and I_ready for the new high school life.A. am B. is C. are D. be（2016湖北孝感）（ ）5. Look! A woman with three children_ crossing the street.Lets help them.A. is B. are C. was（2016 湖南郴州）（ ）6. Everybody except Mike and Linda there when the meeting bega

7、n.上A. arc B. was C. were（2016四川自贡）（ ）7. Andy, youd better not eat meat only. You should know milk and fruit_good for you.A. is B are C. was D. were （2014江苏淮安）（ ）8.The summer holidays are coming ,so the twins as well as Jack_to HongKong for vacation.A.is going B. are going C.goes D. go考点六：一些由两个部分构成的表

8、示衣物或工具的名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式，如shoes, trousers, clothes, scissors, chopsticks, glasses等。但如果这些名词前有a kind of, a pair of, a series of等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。【考例链接】( )The pair of trousers _me.Ill take it.A.fit B.fits C.will fit考点七：1.“a (large / small) number of +复数可数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of +复数可数名词/代词”作主

9、语时，谓语动词用单数形式。2.“分数/百分数+ of +名词”和“the rest / most of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数由名词决定。【考例链接】( )1. In our city there_a number of cars and the number of them_ growing larger and larger.A. are; is B. have; is C. is; are (2016四川巴中)( )2. About_of the land_covered with trees and grass.A. three fifths; is B. three fift

10、hs; are C. three fifth; are (2016黑龙江龙东地区 )( )3. The number of the volunteers in our city 2,000. And sixty percent of them_teachers and students.A. is; isB. is; areC. are; isD. are; are(2016湖北荆门)( )4. Jack,_of the oranges gone bad.Wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible. A. one fifth; haveB. o

11、ne fifth; hasC. one fifths; haveD. first five; has (2016新疆阜康米泉）二、意义一致意义一致是指谓语动词和主语的一致不是取决于主语的语法形式，而是由其意义决定。考点一：当数词做主语或当表示距离、金额、时间等复数名词(词组)作主语时，常将其看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。【考例链接( )l.Fifty yuan_enough.A. is B. am C. are (2016湖南常德)( )2.Mom, I watched TV for only forty minutes. Sometimes_TV is good for us.Forty

12、 minutes_enough. Now you must do your homework.A. watch; is B. watching; was C. watched; are D. watching; were (2015贵州黔南州)考点二：有些集体名词常指复数的人或物，谓语动词用复数形式，如police；有些集体名词作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式，如family, class, team, group, crowd等；当population意为“人口数量”时，谓语动词用单数形式；意为“全体居民”时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均

13、可。 【考例链接】( )1. The population of China_over 1.3 billion and China has bigger population than_ in the world.A.is; any country B.is; any other countryC.are; the other countries D.are; any other countries(2014 四川眉山)( )2. Look! The police_the food onto the bank of the river.A. am carrying B. is carrying

14、C. are carrying D. arc carried (2014四川宣宾) 考点三：以-s结尾的单数名词如news, physics, maths, politics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【考例链接】( )Politics_my favorite subject. What about you? -Physics_. I think it s very interesting. A. is; is B. are; are C. are；is考点四：1.“the +形容词”表示一类人作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。这类词有the brave, the poor, the ric

15、h, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等。2.“the +姓氏的复数形式”表示某一家人或夫妇两人，其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。【考例链接】( )1. The old _our help, so we should care for them.A.refuses B. refuse C. needs D. need( )2. The Greens_a TV show now.A. is watchingB. are watchingC. watchD. watches考点五:定语从句中谓语动词的单复数取决于其先行词的单复数。【

16、考例链接】( )I really want to relax myself. Could we see City Danger tonight?Sure? The actor_ a hero used to be a schoolteacher. I like him very much.A. who playB. which playsC. who playsD. that play (2016 湖北黄冈）三、就近一致就近一致是指谓语动词的数要与其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。考点一：以or, not only . but also ., either . or ., neither .

17、nor .等连接的名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 ( )1. Not only you but also everyone here_watching football matches.A. Likes B. like C. is like(2016黑龙江齐齐哈尔( )2. Neither Li Hua nor I_good at writing. A. am B. is C. are(2016 湖南永州)( )3. What would you like to have for supper?Either noodles or rice_ OK, I dont mind.A. Are B. were C is D. was (2015贵州安顺)考点二：在there be句型中，如果有两个或两个以上的主语时，主语与谓语的一致通常遵循就近一致原则。 【考例链接】( )1. There_ a pencil and some pens in the box. A. is B. are C. arent (2016黑龙江绥化)( )2. Don t worry. There_ enough water, vegetables and fruits in the fridge.A. have B. are C. is (2016四川乐山)