英语新闻听力技巧解析课件.ppt

1、The Skills for English News ListeningTo know the structure of English news report To memorize the common words used in the English newsTo master a number of AcronymTo know the different pronunciations of same numberTo do the exercise step by stepTo pay attention to the great domestic and foreign eve

2、nts 第1页，共39页。掌握新闻报道的结构新闻报道往往采用“倒金字塔体”。所谓“倒金字塔体”，也称为倒途法，即按新闻事实重要性的程度由要点到细节逐步扩展，安排全文。把最重要的事实置于全文的第一个句子中，这个句子被称为新闻导语(the news lead)。它告知听众最关心最重要的事实，如事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)，以及原因和方式(why，how，即新闻导语包含了我们常说的五个WH和一个H构成的“新闻六大要素”。新闻导语是整条新闻的高度浓缩形式，听懂了导语，也就听懂了新闻的主要内容。当然，由于新闻报道的侧重点不同，有时新闻导语也可能只包含其中几个要素

3、第2页，共39页。A general pattern in a news story is an inverted-pyramid style.It moves from the most important to the least important.The main idea usually occurs in the first one or two sentences.In long sentences,what can we focus on?Five main wh-elements:English sentence,like a tree,is composed by the

4、trunk and leaves.Find the trunk and you will see the whole tree and then the wood.第3页，共39页。Oil ministers of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries will hold an emergency meeting Friday.What：An emergency meeting will be heldWhen：FridayWho：Oil Ministers Of the Organization of Petroleum Expo

5、rting Countries第4页，共39页。普通词汇。尽管新闻报道所使用的词汇量很大，但是语言的基本词汇是稳定的。如VOA广播中的special English(特别节目)的新闻报告中常用词汇约1 500个，这的重复率在报道中是很高的，如cease-fire，presidential election等政治性词汇，finance banking group等经济词汇以space shuttle，robot等科技词汇。第5页，共39页。专有词汇(Proper names)。新闻报道是有关世界范围的最新消息，因在报道中常涉及许多人名、地名、国名。除此之外，新闻报道中还常常出现一些河流、山脉及名

6、胜古迹等专有名词熟悉这些专有名词可使听者更快更准确地了解所听的新闻。Himalayas,Mount Everest,Niles River,Geneva,Ebola,第6页，共39页。由于新闻报道时间的限制，不少机构的名称常采用其缩略形式，即由该名称中数个词的首字母的大写形式组成，如：PLO是the Palestine Liberation Organization的缩写形式。需要注意的是，听者不仅要了解这些缩略语的确切含义，而且还应知道它们的正确读音APEC,OPEC,IMF,UNESCO,CPPCC,NATO,IOC,IRC,WTO,WHO,WB第7页，共39页。在新闻报道中经常出现许多数

7、字，大到几十亿，上百亿，小到分数或小数。尤其对一些多位数的数字，要想立刻听准这些数字的确不容易，其主要难点在于位数过多。因此在听多位数的数字时，应对billion(十亿)、million(百万)、thousand(千)、hundred(百)等词尤为重视。同时，要注意一个数字的多种读法，如播音员把两个足球队比赛结果2：0读作two to nothing而不是读成two to nought或two to zero152,489,357 3,695,741,526第8页，共39页。目前，许多外台(如BBC，VOA)的新闻英语报道有特别英语(Special English)和标准英语(Standard

8、 English)两种。所谓Special English也可称为慢速英语，即新闻播放的语速较慢。就VOA而言，慢速英语每分钟不超过90个单词，而且新闻报道均是由简单易懂的英语缩写的，因此较适合初级阶段的新闻英语训练。然而它毕竟有其局限性，只能作为听力训练的一种手段，而不是新闻英语训练要达到的最终目的。要想过真正通过新闻英语这一关，还必须进行Standard English的训练。Standard English也可称为常速英语，即新闻英语是用正常的语速播送的。就VOA而言，常速英语每分钟为135个单词，而且句法和词汇方面的难度也大些。经过从慢速英语到常速英语相当长一段时间练习后，收听新闻英语

9、的能力一定会有很大提高。第9页，共39页。平时应养成多看报纸，常听广播的习惯，这样就可以掌国际、国内的一些阶段性的热门话题及一些有争论的问题。若有可能的话，最好在收听新闻英语之前，先听一下汉语新闻广播。对于当天国际、国内发生的一些大事做到心中有数，然后，再收听外台的新闻英语报道。由于已有了一定背景知识，这些新闻英语报道就容易听懂了。当然在更高层次上也可以先听英语新闻，然后验之以汉语新闻。第10页，共39页。收听英语新闻广播时有两点要注意：听懂英语新闻广播必须要有一定的听力理解水平，因对于外语初学者来说，应着重提高自己的英语听力水平，不要急于收听外台新闻广播，到了中高级阶段开始收听英语新闻广播较

10、为合适。听者除掌握以上提到的技巧外，还必须多听多练，持之以恒地坚持听下去，就能最终达到“能听懂外台英语新闻广播”这一目标。第11页，共39页。It has been nearly three years since President Barack Obama _what has been called the Asia pivot.The term describes increasing attention on East Asia and the Pacific after reducing American _in Iraq and Afghanistan.This week,Pres

11、ident Obama left Washington for a weeklong trip to four Asian countries.The trip aimed to _U.S.support for the security of Asian _and for reducing trade _among Pacific nations.Mr.Obama arrived in Japan Wednesday at a time when a number of allies are concerned about Chinas military_.Many Japanese hav

12、e noted the failure of the Obama administration to act on its threats to attack Syria.They have seen the administrations _to provide military aid to_.The Japanese are worried that the United States may not come to Japans aid.announcedinvolvementrestatealliesbarriersexpansionunwillingnessUkraine第12页，

13、共39页。On Thursday,the president said the U.S.would _a defense treaty with Japan if China seizes a _group of islands.The islands are known as Senkaku in Japan and as Diaoyu in China.Mr.Obama spoke after talks with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.The treaty between the United States and Japan _my bi

14、rth,so obviously this isnt a red line that Im drawing.It is the standard interpretation over multiple administrations of the terms of the alliance,which is that _under the administration of Japan are covered under the treaty.Theres no shift in_.Theres no red line thats been drawn.Were simply _the tr

15、eaty.honordisputedpreceded territoriespositionapplying第13页，共39页。Listening PracticeExercise One1.Identify the five main wh-elements2.Retell what have you heard 3.Fill in the blanks第14页，共39页。North Korea is threatening to _a new nuclear test in _to a U.N.committees _of alleged human rights abuses by Py

16、ongyang.A UN General Assembly Committee resolution recommends the _refer North Korea to the International Criminal Court for alleged crimes against humanity.North Korea says the resolution is filled with _slanders.conductresponsecondemnationSecurity Council vicious第15页，共39页。Exercise Two Listening Di

17、ctation A new United Nations report finds the presence of large numbers of sophisticated weapons as well as foreign fighters,including Russian soldiers,are worsening the human rights situation in eastern Ukraine.Lisa Schlein has details:“This seventh U.N.monthly report on Ukraine shows the situation

18、 in the rebel-controlled areas of eastern Ukraine has worsened.The report says more than 4,300 people were killed and more than 9,900 wounded in the conflict-affected areas from mid-April to November 18th.According to the U.N.,an average of 13 people have been killed every day since the government a

19、nd rebels reached agreement on a cease-fire in early September.Lisa Schlein for VOA News,Geneva.第16页，共39页。Exercise Three Answer the following questions:1.Whats the President going to do in about three hours?2.Whats purpose of the Presidents new plan?3.What does the President think of the immigration

20、 policies?4.Where can we hear the Presidents remarks第17页，共39页。Exercise Four The United States says new western economic_against Russia for its _in Ukraine will target Moscows defense industry and companies with close links to President Vladimir Putin.Speaking on US news show Sunday,_national securit

21、y adviser Tony Blinken said that starting this week,the latest sanctions would _what he called additional pressure on the corporate officials _to Mr.Putin and the companies they control.Earlier sanctions targeted at some banking activities and other corporate officials close to Mr.Putin.sanctionsinv

22、olvementdeputyexertclosest Fill in the blanks第18页，共39页。Exercise FiveAnswer the following questions:1.What has a grand jury declined to do?2.Who has been killed and how?3.Where did he die?4.How did the familys lawyer feel about the decision?第19页，共39页。Fill in the blanks A grand jury in New York has de

23、clined to press_charges against a white police officer in connection with the death of an unarmed black man in July.Eric Garner was killed by the policemans_,a practice banned by the New York police department.Nick Bryant reports from New York.“Eric Garners death_widespread outrage after a video of

24、the incident was posted online._ in broad daylight,it clearly shows a white police officer holding the unarmed black man in a_.Eric Garner,who suffered from_,can be heard gasping,“I cant breathe!I cant breathe!”criminal strangleholdsparkedFilmedheadlockasthma第20页，共39页。A second video showed him lying

25、 _on the ground,with police and paramedics making no apparent effort to _him.He later died in hospital.The grand jury in Staten Island had been asked to consider whether to _the police officer who held him in a headlock,Daniel Pantaleo.But it has decided against bringing any criminal charges.The Gar

26、ner familys lawyer said he was_.”motionlessreviveindictastonished第21页，共39页。Dictation one:The British government has expressed disappointment at Chinas decision to deny a British Parliamentary committee permission to enter Hong Kong to conduct an inquiry.A British foreign office spokesman said the re

27、fusal was not in the spirit of agreements signed 30 years ago for the transfer of Hong Kong sovereignty from Britain to China.第22页，共39页。Dictation two:Student leaders and the Hong Kong government have agreed to hold formal talks about ending the pro-democracy demonstrations which are still blocking s

28、ome roads in the city.No firm date has been set for the talks.The BBC correspondent in Hong Kong says Beijing has made clear that its unwilling to give up the right to decide who can stand for election as the territorys leader in 2017.The protestors have lifted a blockade of government offices,but h

29、undreds remain on the streets.第23页，共39页。Answer the following questions:1.Whats the main idea of this piece of news?2.How many people have been killed?3.What happened after the blast?4.How many people were injured?And why?第24页，共39页。A _car bombing in the Iraqi capital Baghdad has killedat least 15 peo

30、ple.Iraqi officials said the bomber blew himself up after _a vehicle cramped with _into a security checkpoint in the Shiite District of Kadhimiya.The blast was _by a mortar fire.The area in northern Baghdad is the site of a major Shiite shrine.Security sources said a mortar round _near the shrine.Mo

31、re than 30 People were injured.suiciderammingexplosiveslandedfollowed第25页，共39页。True or false:1.President Obama says he hopes to see China become prosperous2.The APEC summit was held in Shanghai.3.Altogether President Obama visited Asia nine times.4.The short-term tourist and business visa to America

32、 can last for one to ten years.第26页，共39页。President Barack Obama says his government welcomes the rise of a prosperous and peaceful China.He made the comment during a speech to business leaders at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit in Beijing:“This is my sixth trip to Asia as President and

33、my second this year alone.And thats because as Ive said on each of my visits,America is thoroughly a Pacific nation.Weve always had a history with Asia and our future,our security and our prosperity is inextricably intertwined with Asia.”President Obama also announced a new visa policy with China,on

34、e that will increase the validity of short-term tourist and business visas issued to one anothers citizens from one to ten years.第27页，共39页。Fill in the blanks:Police and medical workers man checkpoints on the _of Kenema in Sierra Leone,the site of an Ebola outbreak that is spreading across West Afric

35、a.Authorities are forcing people to test for the disease,some _try to avoid detection,_to die in secret.Ebola causes fever,vomiting,bleeding and diarrhea.It is spread through contact with the blood or other fluids of _people.Doctors say a lack of understanding is contributing to its rapid spread.Por

36、ous borders between the infected countries make it difficult to_.The death toll from the outbreak is growing.Doctors warn the response has so far been far from_.Henry Ridgwell,for VOA News,London.outskirtsvictimspreferringinfectedcontainadequate第28页，共39页。True or false:1.The French cultural minister

37、hasnt read a single novel2.This years Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to an English.3.Taking up the ministerial post leave no time for her to read books4.Peoples attitudes toward her explanation are quite different.第29页，共39页。There has been shock in France at the revelation that the countrys c

38、ulture minister hasnt read a single novel in the past two years.The minister Fleur Pellerin made the admission while being interviewed on the television about the French winner of this years Nobel Prize for literature Patrick Modiano.Our correspondent Lucy Williamson was watching.In the interview ye

39、sterday,Mrs.Pellerin described having had a wonderful lunch with the writer in question,Patrick Modiano,but wasnt able to say which of his titles she preferred because she said she hadnt had time to read his books or indeed any others since taking up a ministerial post two years ago.Mrs.Pellerins co

40、mments have caused a lively debate on social media with some accusing her of being a technocrat but many sympathize with her situation.Our correspondent Lucy Williamson was reporting from Paris.第30页，共39页。Multiple choices:1.What does Syrian President think of the UN proposal?It is meaningless.B.it is

41、 useles.s C.it is worthy to be studied.D.it is constructive.2.Whats the goal of the plan?To bring peace to the city in battleTo distribute some food to the refugee put pressure on the Syrian governmentTo reconstruct the country 3.How many people died in the civil war?20,000 B.120,000 C.200,000 D.12,

42、000第31页，共39页。Fill in the blanks:Syrian President Bashar al Assad says a U.N.proposal for a _in rebel-contested Aleppo was“_ studying.”Mr.Assad says the plan would need to be worked on to achieve its goals of returning security to the_city.The plan envisions a _in fighting to allow for humanitarian a

43、id through a series of small-scale,locally-negotiated_.Syrias three-year civil war has _at least 200-thousand lives.cease-fireworthembattledfreezetrucesclaimed第32页，共39页。Dictation:The United Nations Weather Agency has _that the world is on course for the warmest year since records began,which it says

44、 _a rising trend consistent with climate change.The Head of the UN Climate Change Secretary Christiana Figueres said that high temperatures of vast areas of the ocean surface were _worrying.“The heat is being _by the oceans.There is no doubt that the ocean continues to warm and that on a very very c

45、onsistent basis,and what it is doing,_,is doing us a little_.They are absorbing the heat that could have gone to the land and paying the price.”warnedconfirmsparticularlyabsorbedfranklyfavor第33页，共39页。Fill in the blanks:An Egyptian court _the Islamic State as a terrorist group.The court said Sunday t

46、hat it also considers all of the affiliates of the _group to be terrorist organizations,including Ansar Beit al-Maqdis,an Egyptian jihadi group that pledged its _to the Islamic State earlier this month.Meanwhile,Syrian activists say that in the last day at least 50 Islamic State _were killed in the

47、ongoing fight for control of Kobani,a Syrian town just south of the _border.The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights says the militants were killed in _fighting with Kurdish forces,U.S._and suicide bomb attacks.Eleven Kurdish forces in Kobani were killed.This is VOA News.designatedinsurgentallegiance

48、militantsTurkishintenseairstrikes第34页，共39页。Answer the following questions:1.What would happen to the deposed Egyptian President?2.Where is the President now and why?3.What is a court decision about the President?4.What did the students do on Sunday?第35页，共39页。The lawyer for deposed Egyptian president

49、 Hosni Mubarak says he could soon be freed,having served two-thirds of a _sentence and cleared in the deaths of anti-government demonstrators in 2011.Mr.Mubarak,now 86 years old,is being held in a military hospital,serving a three-year sentence in the _case.But his attorney says the former Egyptian

50、leader could be _early under a new Egyptian _that frees prisoners after they have served two-thirds of their sentences.Egyptian authorities say two people were killed and nine injured Saturday night in protests following a court decision to drop murder charges against Mr.Mubarak in the 2011 _in Cair